Issue 31043: Elastic Search interferes with the default sort order of products (changing newest first to oldest first)

app/code/Magento/Catalog/Model/Config/Source/SortOrder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Copyright 2025 Adobe
+ * All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * Catalog Product List Sort Order
+ *
+ */
+namespace Magento\Catalog\Model\Config\Source;
+
+class SortOrder implements \Magento\Framework\Data\OptionSourceInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Retrieve option values array
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function toOptionArray(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            ['value' => 'ASC', 'label' => __('Ascending')],
+            ['value' => 'DESC', 'label' => __('Descending')],
+        ];
+    }
+}

app/code/Magento/Catalog/Test/Mftf/Data/CatalogStorefrontConfigData.xml

@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@
         <data key="path">catalog/frontend/list_allow_all</data>
         <data key="value">1</data>
     </entity>
+    <entity name="CustomStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder">
+        <data key="path">catalog/frontend/default_sort_by_order</data>
+        <data key="value">DESC</data>
+    </entity>
     <entity name="DefaultListMode">
         <data key="path">catalog/frontend/list_mode</data>
         <data key="value">grid-list</data>
@@ -125,4 +129,8 @@
         <data key="path">catalog/frontend/list_allow_all</data>
         <data key="value">0</data>
     </entity>
-</entities>
+    <entity name="DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder">
+        <data key="path">catalog/frontend/default_sort_by_order</data>
+        <data key="value">ASC</data>
+    </entity>
+</entities>

app/code/Magento/Catalog/Test/Mftf/Test/StorefrontPaginationResetOnViewModeChangeTest.xml

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
             </createData>
             <magentoCLI command="config:set {{CustomGridPerPageValuesConfigData.path}} {{CustomGridPerPageValuesConfigData.value}}" stepKey="setCustomGridPerPageValues"/>
             <magentoCLI command="config:set {{CustomGridPerPageDefaultConfigData.path}} {{CustomGridPerPageDefaultConfigData.value}}" stepKey="setCustomGridPerPageDefaults"/>
+            <magentoCLI command="config:set {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.path}} {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.value}}" stepKey="setDefaultSortByOrderValue"/>
         </before>
         <after>
             <deleteData createDataKey="createCategory" stepKey="deleteCategory"/>

app/code/Magento/Catalog/Test/Mftf/Test/StorefrontProductSortByPositionInDescOrderTest.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+/**
+ * Copyright 2020 Adobe
+ * All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+-->
+<tests xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+       xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:mftf:Test/etc/testSchema.xsd">
+    <test name="StorefrontProductSortByPositionInDescOrderTest">
+        <annotations>
+            <stories value="Sort Products having same position on Storefront In Desc Order"/>
+            <title value="Sort products with the same position in descending order appropriately"/>
+            <description value="Use store configuration to sort products of same position in desc order"/>
+            <severity value="MAJOR"/>
+            <testCaseId value="AC-14411"/>
+            <group value="Catalog"/>
+        </annotations>
+        <before>
+            <createData entity="_defaultCategory" stepKey="createCategory"/>
+            <createData entity="productAlphabeticalA" stepKey="product1">
+                <requiredEntity createDataKey="createCategory"/>
+            </createData>
+            <createData entity="productAlphabeticalB" stepKey="product2">
+                <requiredEntity createDataKey="createCategory"/>
+            </createData>
+            <magentoCLI command="config:set {{CustomStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.path}} {{CustomStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.value}}" stepKey="setCustomSortByOrderValue"/>
+            <actionGroup ref="CliIndexerReindexActionGroup" stepKey="reindex">
+                <argument name="indices" value=""/>
+            </actionGroup>
+        </before>
+        <after>
+            <deleteData stepKey="deleteProduct1" createDataKey="product1"/>
+            <deleteData stepKey="deleteProduct2" createDataKey="product2"/>
+            <deleteData stepKey="deleteCategory" createDataKey="createCategory"/>
+            <magentoCLI command="config:set {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.path}} {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.value}}" stepKey="setDefaultSortByOrderValue"/>
+        </after>
+
+        <actionGroup ref="StorefrontNavigateToCategoryUrlActionGroup" stepKey="NavigateToCategoryPageOnStoreFront">
+            <argument name="categoryUrl" value="$$createCategory.custom_attributes[url_key]$$"/>
+        </actionGroup>
+        <actionGroup ref="StorefrontQuickSearchCheckProductNameInGridActionGroup" stepKey="assertProduct1Position">
+            <argument name="productName" value="$product1.name$"/>
+            <argument name="index" value="2"/>
+        </actionGroup>
+        <actionGroup ref="StorefrontQuickSearchCheckProductNameInGridActionGroup" stepKey="assertProduct2Position">
+            <argument name="productName" value="$product2.name$"/>
+            <argument name="index" value="1"/>
+        </actionGroup>
+    </test>
+</tests>

app/code/Magento/Catalog/Test/Mftf/Test/StorefrontPropertiesOfAProductAttributeTest.xml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
         </annotations>
         <before>
             <!-- Step1: Login as Admin -->
+            <magentoCLI command="config:set {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.path}} {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.value}}" stepKey="setDefaultSortByOrderValue"/>
             <actionGroup ref="AdminLoginActionGroup" stepKey="loginAsAdmin"/>
         </before>
         <after>

app/code/Magento/Catalog/etc/adminhtml/system.xml

@@ -93,6 +93,11 @@
                     <comment>Applies to category pages.</comment>
                     <source_model>Magento\Catalog\Model\Config\Source\ListSort</source_model>
                 </field>
+                <field id="default_sort_by_order" translate="label comment" type="select" sortOrder="6" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1" canRestore="1">
+                    <label>Product Listing Sort by Order</label>
+                    <comment>Applies to category pages.</comment>
+                    <source_model>Magento\Catalog\Model\Config\Source\SortOrder</source_model>
+                </field>
                 <field id="list_allow_all" translate="label comment" type="select" sortOrder="6" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1" canRestore="1">
                     <label>Allow All Products per Page</label>
                     <comment>Whether to show "All" option in the "Show X Per Page" dropdown.</comment>

app/code/Magento/Catalog/etc/config.xml

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
                 <flat_catalog_category>0</flat_catalog_category>
                 <flat_catalog_product>0</flat_catalog_product>
                 <default_sort_by>position</default_sort_by>
+                <default_sort_by_order>ASC</default_sort_by_order>
                 <list_allow_all>0</list_allow_all>
                 <parse_url_directives>1</parse_url_directives>
                 <remember_pagination>0</remember_pagination>

app/code/Magento/CatalogSearch/Model/ResourceModel/Fulltext/Collection.php

@@ -581,7 +581,12 @@ protected function _beforeLoad()
          * for the same requests and products with the same relevance
          * NOTE: this does not replace existing orders but ADDs one more
          */
-        $this->setOrder('entity_id', Select::SQL_ASC);
+        $defaultSortOrder = $this->_scopeConfig->getValue(
+            'catalog/frontend/default_sort_by_order',
+            \Magento\Store\Model\ScopeInterface::SCOPE_STORE
+        );
+        $sortOrder = ($defaultSortOrder == self::SORT_ORDER_ASC) ? Select::SQL_ASC : Select::SQL_DESC;
+        $this->setOrder('entity_id', $sortOrder);
         return parent::_beforeLoad();
     }
 

app/code/Magento/CatalogSearch/Test/Mftf/Test/SearchEntityResultsTest/QuickSearchTwoProductsWithSameWeightTest.xml

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@
                 <argument name="value" value="{{_defaultProduct.name}}"/>
             </actionGroup>
             <actionGroup ref="SaveProductFormActionGroup" stepKey="saveProduct2b"/>
+            <magentoCLI command="config:set {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.path}} {{DefaultStoreFrontProductsSortByOrder.value}}" stepKey="setDefaultSortByOrderValue"/>
             <actionGroup ref="CliIndexerReindexActionGroup" stepKey="reindex">
                 <argument name="indices" value=""/>
             </actionGroup>