Split component.rs (#20063)

# Objective

- `component.rs` is becoming quite big, let's split it.

## Solution

- Split `component.rs` into the following:
- `component/mod.rs`: the new root of the `component` module: contains
the `Component` trait and a few other very generic items
  - `component/clone.rs`: contains component cloning related items
  - `component/tick.rs`: contains `Tick` and other tick related items
- future possibilities: move these into `change_detection`; however I
wanted to keep this PR without breaking changes
- `component/register.rs`: contains component registration (included
queued) related items
- `component/required.rs`: contains items and functions for properly
computing required components
- `component/info.rs`: contains items for storing component info and
metadata in the `World`

Author: SkiFire13