Improve TypeUuid's derive macro error messages (#9315)

# Objective

- Better error message
- More idiomatic code

## Solution

Refactorize `TypeUuid` macros to use `syn::Result` instead of panic.

## Before/After error messages

### Missing `#[uuid]` attribtue

#### Before
```
error: proc-macro derive panicked
 --> src\main.rs:1:10
  |
1 | #[derive(TypeUuid)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^
  |
  = help: message: No `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"` attribute found.
```

#### After
```
error: No `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"]` attribute found.
 --> src\main.rs:3:10
  |
3 | #[derive(TypeUuid)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^
  |
  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `TypeUuid` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
```

### Malformed attribute

#### Before

```
error: proc-macro derive panicked
 --> src\main.rs:3:10
  |
3 | #[derive(TypeUuid)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^
  |
  = help: message: `uuid` attribute must take the form `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"`.
```

#### After

```
error: `uuid` attribute must take the form `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"]`.
 --> src\main.rs:4:1
  |
4 | #[uuid = 42]
  | ^^^^^^^^^^^^
```

### UUID parse fail

#### Before
```
error: proc-macro derive panicked
 --> src\main.rs:3:10
  |
3 | #[derive(TypeUuid)]
  |          ^^^^^^^^
  |
  = help: message: Value specified to `#[uuid]` attribute is not a valid UUID.: Error(SimpleLength { len: 3 })
```

#### After

```
error: Invalid UUID: invalid length: expected length 32 for simple format, found 3
 --> src\main.rs:4:10
  |
4 | #[uuid = "000"]
  |          ^^^^^
```

### With [Error
Lens](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=usernamehw.errorlens)

#### Before

![image](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/33934311/415247fa-ff5c-4513-8012-7a9ff77445fb)

#### After

![image](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/33934311/d124eeaa-9213-49e0-8860-539ad0218a40)


---

## Changelog

- `#[derive(TypeUuid)]` provide better error messages.

Author: tguichaoua

crates/bevy_reflect/bevy_reflect_derive/src/lib.rs

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ mod type_uuid;
 mod utility;
 
 use crate::derive_data::{ReflectDerive, ReflectMeta, ReflectStruct};
-use crate::type_uuid::gen_impl_type_uuid;
 use container_attributes::ReflectTraits;
 use derive_data::ReflectTypePath;
 use proc_macro::TokenStream;
@@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ use reflect_value::ReflectValueDef;
 use syn::spanned::Spanned;
 use syn::{parse_macro_input, DeriveInput};
 use type_path::NamedTypePathDef;
-use type_uuid::TypeUuidDef;
 use utility::WhereClauseOptions;
 
 pub(crate) static REFLECT_ATTRIBUTE_NAME: &str = "reflect";
@@ -288,7 +286,10 @@ pub fn derive_type_path(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 // From https://github.com/randomPoison/type-uuid
 #[proc_macro_derive(TypeUuid, attributes(uuid))]
 pub fn derive_type_uuid(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let input = parse_macro_input!(input as DeriveInput);
     type_uuid::type_uuid_derive(input)
+        .unwrap_or_else(syn::Error::into_compile_error)
+        .into()
 }
 
 /// A macro that automatically generates type data for traits, which their implementors can then register.
@@ -588,6 +589,6 @@ pub fn impl_type_path(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 /// Derives `TypeUuid` for the given type. This is used internally to implement `TypeUuid` on foreign types, such as those in the std. This macro should be used in the format of `<[Generic Params]> [Type (Path)], [Uuid (String Literal)]`.
 #[proc_macro]
 pub fn impl_type_uuid(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let def = parse_macro_input!(input as TypeUuidDef);
-    gen_impl_type_uuid(def)
+    let def = parse_macro_input!(input as type_uuid::TypeUuidDef);
+    type_uuid::gen_impl_type_uuid(def).into()
 }

crates/bevy_reflect/bevy_reflect_derive/src/type_uuid.rs

@@ -1,53 +1,54 @@
-extern crate proc_macro;
-
 use bevy_macro_utils::BevyManifest;
+use proc_macro2::{Span, TokenStream};
 use quote::quote;
 use syn::parse::{Parse, ParseStream};
 use syn::token::Comma;
-use syn::*;
+use syn::{DeriveInput, Expr, ExprLit, Generics, Ident, Lit, LitInt, LitStr, Meta};
 use uuid::Uuid;
 
-/// Parses input from a derive of `TypeUuid`.
-pub(crate) fn type_uuid_derive(input: proc_macro::TokenStream) -> proc_macro::TokenStream {
-    // Construct a representation of Rust code as a syntax tree
-    // that we can manipulate
-    let ast: DeriveInput = syn::parse(input).unwrap();
-    // Build the trait implementation
-    let type_ident = ast.ident;
-
+pub(crate) fn type_uuid_derive(input: DeriveInput) -> syn::Result<TokenStream> {
     let mut uuid = None;
-    for attribute in ast.attrs.iter().filter(|attr| attr.path().is_ident("uuid")) {
+    for attribute in input
+        .attrs
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|attr| attr.path().is_ident("uuid"))
+    {
         let Meta::NameValue(ref name_value) = attribute.meta else {
             continue;
         };
 
         let uuid_str = match &name_value.value {
             Expr::Lit(ExprLit{lit: Lit::Str(lit_str), ..}) => lit_str,
-            _ => panic!("`uuid` attribute must take the form `#[uuid = \"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"`."),
+            _ => return Err(syn::Error::new_spanned(attribute, "`uuid` attribute must take the form `#[uuid = \"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"]`.")),
         };
 
-        uuid = Some(
-            Uuid::parse_str(&uuid_str.value())
-                .expect("Value specified to `#[uuid]` attribute is not a valid UUID."),
-        );
+        uuid =
+            Some(Uuid::parse_str(&uuid_str.value()).map_err(|err| {
+                syn::Error::new_spanned(uuid_str, format!("Invalid UUID: {err}"))
+            })?);
     }
 
-    let uuid =
-        uuid.expect("No `#[uuid = \"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"` attribute found.");
-    gen_impl_type_uuid(TypeUuidDef {
-        type_ident,
-        generics: ast.generics,
+    let uuid = uuid.ok_or_else(|| {
+        syn::Error::new(
+            Span::call_site(),
+            "No `#[uuid = \"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"]` attribute found.",
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    Ok(gen_impl_type_uuid(TypeUuidDef {
+        type_ident: input.ident,
+        generics: input.generics,
         uuid,
-    })
+    }))
 }
 
 /// Generates an implementation of `TypeUuid`. If there any generics, the `TYPE_UUID` will be a composite of the generic types' `TYPE_UUID`.
-pub(crate) fn gen_impl_type_uuid(def: TypeUuidDef) -> proc_macro::TokenStream {
+pub(crate) fn gen_impl_type_uuid(def: TypeUuidDef) -> TokenStream {
     let uuid = def.uuid;
     let mut generics = def.generics;
     let ty = def.type_ident;
 
-    let bevy_reflect_path: Path = BevyManifest::default().get_path("bevy_reflect");
+    let bevy_reflect_path = BevyManifest::default().get_path("bevy_reflect");
 
     generics.type_params_mut().for_each(|param| {
         param
@@ -74,12 +75,11 @@ pub(crate) fn gen_impl_type_uuid(def: TypeUuidDef) -> proc_macro::TokenStream {
         }
     });
 
-    let gen = quote! {
+    quote! {
         impl #impl_generics #bevy_reflect_path::TypeUuid for #ty #type_generics #where_clause {
             const TYPE_UUID: #bevy_reflect_path::Uuid = #type_uuid;
         }
-    };
-    gen.into()
+    }
 }
 
 /// A struct containing the data required to generate an implementation of `TypeUuid`. This can be generated by either [`impl_type_uuid!`][crate::impl_type_uuid!] or [`type_uuid_derive`].
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ pub(crate) struct TypeUuidDef {
 }
 
 impl Parse for TypeUuidDef {
-    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> Result<Self> {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> syn::Result<Self> {
         let type_ident = input.parse::<Ident>()?;
         let generics = input.parse::<Generics>()?;
         input.parse::<Comma>()?;

crates/bevy_reflect_compile_fail_tests/tests/type_uuid_derive.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#[test]
+fn test() {
+    let t = trybuild::TestCases::new();
+    t.compile_fail("tests/type_uuid_derive/*.rs");
+}

crates/bevy_reflect_compile_fail_tests/tests/type_uuid_derive/derive_type_uuid.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use bevy_reflect::TypeUuid;
+
+fn main() {}
+
+// Missing #[uuid] attribute
+#[derive(TypeUuid)]
+struct A;
+
+// Malformed attribute
+#[derive(TypeUuid)]
+#[uuid = 42]
+struct B;
+
+// UUID parse fail
+#[derive(TypeUuid)]
+#[uuid = "000"]
+struct C;

crates/bevy_reflect_compile_fail_tests/tests/type_uuid_derive/derive_type_uuid.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+error: No `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"]` attribute found.
+ --> tests/type_uuid_derive/derive_type_uuid.rs:6:10
+  |
+6 | #[derive(TypeUuid)]
+  |          ^^^^^^^^
+  |
+  = note: this error originates in the derive macro `TypeUuid` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
+
+error: `uuid` attribute must take the form `#[uuid = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"]`.
+  --> tests/type_uuid_derive/derive_type_uuid.rs:11:1
+   |
+11 | #[uuid = 42]
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: Invalid UUID: invalid length: expected length 32 for simple format, found 3
+  --> tests/type_uuid_derive/derive_type_uuid.rs:16:10
+   |
+16 | #[uuid = "000"]
+   |          ^^^^^