Glasgow | ITP-May | Salah Ahmed | Module-Structuring-and-Testing-Data | Sprint-2

.vscode/extensions.json

@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@
     "vsliveshare.vsliveshare",
     "Orta.vscode-jest"
   ]
-}
+}

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/1-count.js

@@ -3,4 +3,9 @@ let count = 0;
 count = count + 1;
 
 // Line 1 is a variable declaration, creating the count variable with an initial value of 0
-// Describe what line 3 is doing, in particular focus on what = is doing
+// Describe what line 3 is doing, in particular focus on what = is doing    
+
+// Line 3 is updating the value of the count variable by adding 1 to its current value. The = operator is used for assignment, meaning it takes the value on the right (count + 1) and assigns it to the variable on the left (count).
+// The expression count + 1 calculates the new value, and then the = operator assigns this new value back to the count variable.
+// The count variable now holds the value 1, which is the result of the initial value (0) plus 1.
+// count++;

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/2-initials.js

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ let lastName = "Johnson";
 // This should produce the string "CKJ", but you must not write the characters C, K, or J in the code of your solution.
 
 let initials = ``;
+initials = firstName[0] + middleName[0] + lastName[0];
+// The above code uses the bracket notation to access the first character of each string.
+console.log(initials); // Output: CKJ
+// The code above uses the bracket notation to access the first character of each string.
+// The firstName[0] accesses the first character of the firstName string, which is "C". 
+
 
 // https://www.google.com/search?q=get+first+character+of+string+mdn
 

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/3-paths.js

@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ console.log(`The base part of ${filePath} is ${base}`);
 // Create a variable to store the dir part of the filePath variable
 // Create a variable to store the ext part of the variable
 
-const dir = ;
-const ext = ;
+const dir = filePath.slice(0, lastSlashIndex);
+const lastDotIndex = base.lastIndexOf(".");
+const ext = base.slice(lastDotIndex + 1);
+
+console.log(`The dir part is ${dir}`);
+console.log(`The ext part is ${ext}`);
 
 // https://www.google.com/search?q=slice+mdn

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/4-random.js

@@ -7,3 +7,17 @@ const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * (maximum - minimum + 1)) + minimum;
 // Try breaking down the expression and using documentation to explain what it means
 // It will help to think about the order in which expressions are evaluated
 // Try logging the value of num and running the program several times to build an idea of what the program is doing
+
+console.log(`The random number is ${num}`);
+// The variable num represents a random integer between the values of minimum (1) and maximum (100), inclusive.
+// The expression Math.random() generates a random floating-point number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
+// The expression (maximum - minimum + 1) calculates the range of possible values (100 - 1 + 1 = 100).
+// Multiplying Math.random() by this range scales the random number to the desired range.
+// Adding minimum shifts the range to start at the minimum value (1).
+// Finally, Math.floor() rounds down the result to the nearest whole number, ensuring that num is an integer.
+// Therefore, num will always be a whole number between 1 and 100, inclusive.
+// This means that every time the program is run, it will produce a different random number within this range.
+// The program logs the value of num to the console, showing the generated random number each time it is executed.
+// This is useful for scenarios where you need a random number, such as in games, simulations, or testing.
+// The use of Math.random(), Math.floor(), and the arithmetic operations ensures that the random number is uniformly distributed across the specified range.
+// The program can be run multiple times to see different random numbers generated each time, demonstrating the randomness of the output.

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+function checkTime(time){
+
+    return time.slice(0,1)+time.slice(1,2)
+}
+
+console.log(checkTime("12:34")); // Output: 12 
+console.log(checkTime("23:59")); // Output: 23
+
+num1 = checkTime("13:34");
+
+if (num1 > 12 && num1 < 24) {
+
+    console.log("PM");
+
+} else
+{
+    console.log("AM");
+}

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/0.js

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-This is just an instruction for the first activity - but it is just for human consumption
-We don't want the computer to run these 2 lines - how can we solve this problem?
+//This is just an instruction for the first activity - but it is just for human consumption
+//We don't want the computer to run these 2 lines - how can we solve this problem?

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/1.js

@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
 // trying to create an age variable and then reassign the value by 1
 
-const age = 33;
-age = age + 1;
+let age = 33;
+age = age + 1;  
+// The above code will throw an error because 'age' is a constant variable declared with 'const'.
+// In JavaScript, variables declared with 'const' cannot be reassigned a new value after their initial assignment.
+// To fix this, you can declare 'age' using 'let' instead of 'const', allowing it to be reassigned.
+// let age = 33;
+console.log(age); // Output: 34
+// The code above declares a variable 'age' with an initial value of 33.
+// Then, it reassigns the value of 'age' by adding 1 to its current value.
+// The final value of 'age' will be 34, which is the result of the initial value (33) plus 1.

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/2.js

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 // Currently trying to print the string "I was born in Bolton" but it isn't working...
 // what's the error ?
 
-console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
+//console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
+//const cityOfBirth = "Bolton";
+
+// The error occurs because the variable 'cityOfBirth' is being used before it has been declared.
+// To fix this, you should declare the variable 'cityOfBirth' before using it in the console.log statement.
+// Here's the corrected code:
 const cityOfBirth = "Bolton";
+console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
+// Now, the code will correctly print "I was born in Bolton" without any errors.

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/3.js

@@ -1,9 +1,21 @@
 const cardNumber = 4533787178994213;
-const last4Digits = cardNumber.slice(-4);
+//const last4Digits = cardNumber.slice(-4);
 
 // The last4Digits variable should store the last 4 digits of cardNumber
 // However, the code isn't working
 // Before running the code, make and explain a prediction about why the code won't work
 // Then run the code and see what error it gives.
 // Consider: Why does it give this error? Is this what I predicted? If not, what's different?
 // Then try updating the expression last4Digits is assigned to, in order to get the correct value
+
+// Prediction: The code will not work because the `slice` method is being called on a number (cardNumber), which does not have a `slice` method. The `slice` method is typically used with strings or arrays, not numbers.
+// Running the code will likely result in a TypeError indicating that `slice` is not a function or is not defined for the number type.
+// Running the code confirms the prediction, as it throws an error: "TypeError: cardNumber.slice is not a function".
+// To fix this, we need to convert the cardNumber to a string before using the `slice` method.
+const last4Digits = String(cardNumber).slice(-4);
+// Now, last4Digits will correctly store the last 4 digits of cardNumber.
+console.log(`The last 4 digits of the card number are: ${last4Digits}`);
+// This will output: "The last 4 digits of the card number are: 4213"
+
+// The code now works correctly, and the last4Digits variable contains the last four digits of the card number as a string.
+// The final output will be "The last 4 digits of the card number are: 4213".   

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/4.js

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-const 12HourClockTime = "20:53";
-const 24hourClockTime = "08:53";
+const twelveHourClockTime = "20:53";
+const twentyFourHourClockTime = "08:53";

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/1-percentage-change.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ let carPrice = "10,000";
 let priceAfterOneYear = "8,543";
 
 carPrice = Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", ""));
-priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll("," ""));
+priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll(",",""));
 
 const priceDifference = carPrice - priceAfterOneYear;
 const percentageChange = (priceDifference / carPrice) * 100;
@@ -20,3 +20,27 @@ console.log(`The percentage change is ${percentageChange}`);
 // d) Identify all the lines that are variable declarations
 
 // e) Describe what the expression Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",","")) is doing - what is the purpose of this expression?
+
+
+// a) There are 3 function calls in this file:
+//    1. `carPrice.replaceAll(",", "")` on line 4
+//    2. `priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll(",", "")` on line 5
+//    3. `console.log(...)` on line 9
+
+
+// b) The error occurs on line 5 because there is a syntax error in the `replaceAll` method call. 
+// The correct syntax should be `replaceAll(",", "")` instead of `replaceAll("," "")`. 
+// To fix this, you need to add a comma between the two arguments.
+
+// c) The variable reassignment statements are:
+//    1. `carPrice = Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", ""));` on line 4
+//    2. `priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll(",", ""));` on line 5
+
+// d) The variable declarations are:
+//    1. `let carPrice = "10,000";` on line 1
+//    2. `let priceAfterOneYear = "8,543";` on line 2
+//    3. `const priceDifference = carPrice - priceAfterOneYear;` on line 7
+//    4. `const percentageChange = (priceDifference / carPrice) * 100;` on line 8
+
+// e) The expression `Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", ""))` is converting the string representation of the car price (which includes commas) into a number.
+// The `replaceAll(",", "")` part removes all commas from the string, and then the `Number()` function converts the resulting string into a numeric value.  

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/2-time-format.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const movieLength = 8784; // length of movie in seconds
+const movieLength = 8314.5; // length of movie in seconds
 
 const remainingSeconds = movieLength % 60;
 const totalMinutes = (movieLength - remainingSeconds) / 60;
@@ -23,3 +23,31 @@ console.log(result);
 // e) What do you think the variable result represents? Can you think of a better name for this variable?
 
 // f) Try experimenting with different values of movieLength. Will this code work for all values of movieLength? Explain your answer
+
+// a) There are 6 variable declarations in this program:
+//    1. `const movieLength = 8784;`
+//    2. `const remainingSeconds = movieLength % 60;`
+//    3. `const totalMinutes = (movieLength - remainingSeconds) / 60;`
+//    4. `const remainingMinutes = totalMinutes % 60;`
+//    5. `const totalHours = (totalMinutes - remainingMinutes) / 60;`
+//    6. `const result = `${totalHours}:${remainingMinutes}:${remainingSeconds}`;`
+
+// b) There is 1 function calls in this program console.log(result);. 
+
+// c) The expression `movieLength % 60` calculates the remainder when `movieLength` (the total length of the movie in seconds) is divided by 60.
+// This gives the number of seconds that do not complete a full minute, effectively providing the remaining seconds after converting the total movie length into minutes.
+
+// d) The expression assigned to `totalMinutes` calculates the total number of minutes in the movie by subtracting the remaining seconds from the total movie length and then dividing by 60.
+// It converts the total movie length from seconds to minutes, effectively giving the total number of complete minutes in the movie.
+
+// e) The variable `result` represents the total duration of the movie formatted as "hours:minutes:seconds".
+// A better name for this variable could be `formattedMovieDuration` or `movieDurationFormatted` to make it clear that it contains the movie's duration in a specific format.
+
+// f) This code will work for all values of `movieLength` that are non-negative integers.
+// However, if `movieLength` is negative, the calculations will still work but may not make sense in the context of a movie duration.
+// If `movieLength` is a floating-point number, the output will still be formatted correctly, but the seconds and minutes may not be whole numbers.
+// If `movieLength` is a very large number, the code will still function correctly, but the output may not be practical for real-world movie durations.
+// The code assumes that `movieLength` is a valid non-negative number representing the length of a movie in seconds, and it will produce a formatted string representing that duration in hours, minutes, and seconds.
+// The code does not handle cases where `movieLength` is not a number or is undefined, which could lead to unexpected results.
+// The code is designed to handle typical movie lengths, but it may not be robust against all possible inputs.
+

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/3-to-pounds.js

@@ -25,3 +25,15 @@ console.log(`£${pounds}.${pence}`);
 
 // To begin, we can start with
 // 1. const penceString = "399p": initialises a string variable with the value "399p"
+// 2. const penceStringWithoutTrailingP = penceString.substring(0, penceString.length - 1):
+//    removes the trailing 'p' from the string, resulting in "399"
+// 3. const paddedPenceNumberString = penceStringWithoutTrailingP.padStart(3, "0"): 
+//    pads the string with leading zeros to ensure it has at least 3 characters, resulting in "399"
+// 4. const pounds = paddedPenceNumberString.substring(0, paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2):
+//    extracts the pounds part of the string by taking all characters except the last two, resulting in "3"
+// 5. const pence = paddedPenceNumberString
+//    .substring(paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2).padEnd(2, "0"):
+//    extracts the last two characters (the pence part) and pads it with trailing zeros to ensure it has 2 characters, resulting in "99"
+// 6. console.log(`£${pounds}.${pence}`):
+//    prints the final formatted string representing the price in pounds, which is "£3.99"
+

Sprint-1/4-stretch-explore/chrome.md

@@ -12,7 +12,28 @@ invoke the function `alert` with an input string of `"Hello world!"`;
 
 What effect does calling the `alert` function have?
 
+A popup dialog appears in the browser window with the message "Hello world!" and an OK button.
+It's a simple way to show a message to the user.
+
 Now try invoking the function `prompt` with a string input of `"What is your name?"` - store the return value of your call to `prompt` in an variable called `myName`.
 
 What effect does calling the `prompt` function have?
+A popup appears that:
+
+Shows the message: "What is your name?" Includes a text input field
+
+Has OK and Cancel buttons
+
+The prompt blocks interaction with the page until it is dismissed.
+
+Most browsers style the prompt natively, so it cannot be customized with CSS or HTML.
+
+Overuse is discouraged in modern UI design in favor of custom modals or forms.
+
+
 What is the return value of `prompt`?
+The prompt() function returns:
+
+The string the user types (e.g., "ٍSalah")
+
+null if the user clicks Cancel instead of OK

Sprint-1/4-stretch-explore/objects.md

@@ -5,12 +5,44 @@ In this activity, we'll explore some additional concepts that you'll encounter i
 Open the Chrome devtools Console, type in `console.log` and then hit enter
 
 What output do you get?
+ƒ log() { [native code] }
 
 Now enter just `console` in the Console, what output do you get back?
+console {debug: ƒ, error: ƒ, info: ƒ, log: ƒ, warn: ƒ, …}
+
 
 Try also entering `typeof console`
 
 Answer the following questions:
 
 What does `console` store?
+'object'
+
+The console object stores functions (methods) such as:
+
+console.log() – for general output
+
+console.error() – for error messages
+
+console.warn() – for warnings
+
+console.table() – for formatted table output
+
+console.time() and console.timeEnd() – for timing operations
+
+console.group() and console.groupEnd() – for grouping logs
+
+These methods don't store data themselves, but they give you tools to output and inspect data during runtime.
+
 What does the syntax `console.log` or `console.assert` mean? In particular, what does the `.` mean?
+This syntax accesses a property or method on the console object.
+
+The dot (.) is called dot notation.
+
+console.log means:
+
+Look inside the console object
+
+Find the function named log
+
+So console.log("Hi") is calling the log method of the console object.

Sprint-2/1-key-errors/0.js

@@ -9,5 +9,13 @@ function capitalise(str) {
   return str;
 }
 
-// =============> write your explanation here
+// =============> write your explanation here 
+// The error occurs because the variable `str` is being redeclared inside the function, which is not allowed in JavaScript.
+// The variable `str` is already defined as a parameter of the function, and attempting to declare it again with `let` causes a syntax error.
+//
+
 // =============> write your new code here
+function capitalise(str) {
+  str = `${str[0].toUpperCase()}${str.slice(1)}`;
+  return str;
+} 

Sprint-2/1-key-errors/1.js

@@ -2,19 +2,25 @@
 
 // Why will an error occur when this program runs?
 // =============> write your prediction here
-
+// The error will occur because the variable `decimalNumber` is being redeclared with `const
+// inside the function `convertToPercentage`, which is not allowed since `decimalNumber` is already defined as a parameter of the function.
 // Try playing computer with the example to work out what is going on
 
-function convertToPercentage(decimalNumber) {
-  const decimalNumber = 0.5;
-  const percentage = `${decimalNumber * 100}%`;
+ function convertToPercentage(decimalNumber) {
+ const decimalNumber = 0.5;
+ const percentage = `${decimalNumber * 100}%`;
 
-  return percentage;
+ return percentage;
 }
 
-console.log(decimalNumber);
+//console.log(decimalNumber);
 
 // =============> write your explanation here
+// The error occurs because the variable `decimalNumber` is being redeclared with `const` inside the function,
+// which is not allowed since `decimalNumber` is already defined as a parameter of the function.
 
 // Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
 // =============> write your new code here
+function convertToPercentage(decimalNumber) {
+  return `${decimalNumber * 100}%`;
+}

Sprint-2/1-key-errors/2.js

@@ -10,11 +10,20 @@ function square(3) {
 }
 
 // =============> write the error message here
+// The error occurs because the function parameter is incorrectly defined as a number (3) instead of a variable name.
+
 
 // =============> explain this error message here
+// The error message indicates that the function parameter is not defined correctly. In JavaScript, function parameters should be variable names, not literal values. The number `3` is being used as a parameter name, which is invalid syntax.
+
 
 // Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
 
 // =============> write your new code here
 
+function square(num) {
+    return num * num;
+}   
+// Now, you can call the function with a number to get the square
+console.log(square(3)); // This will output 9, which is the square of 3.
 

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-debug/0.js

@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ function multiply(a, b) {
 console.log(`The result of multiplying 10 and 32 is ${multiply(10, 32)}`);
 
 // =============> write your explanation here
+// The error occurs because the `multiply` function does not return a value; it only logs the result to the console.
+// Therefore, when trying to use the result in the template literal, it results in `undefined` being printed.
 
 // Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
 //  =============> write your new code here
+function multiply(a, b) {
+  return a * b; // Return the result instead of logging it
+}