CP-52745: Add `ThreadLocalStorage` in `Threadext` #4139

Job	Run time
Python tests (3.11)	3m 29s
Deprecation tests	5s
Test SDK builds / Generate SDK sources	4m 8s
Finish coverage upload	4s
Test SDK builds / Build C SDK	23s
Test SDK builds / Build Java SDK	45s
Test SDK builds / Build C# SDK	1m 0s
Test SDK builds / Build PowerShell 5.x SDK (.NET Framework 4.5)	2m 42s
Test SDK builds / Build PowerShell 7.x SDK (8)	1m 21s
Test SDK builds / Build PowerShell 7.x SDK (6)	1m 38s
	15m 35s

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