Clamm Core: Solana Anchor Integration

This provides a concise overview of a Concentrated Liquidity Automated Market Maker (CLAMM) and demonstrates how to integrate it into your Solana program using the Anchor framework.

---

Table of Contents

1. What Is CLAMM?
2. Key Concepts
3. Why Use CLAMM on Solana?
4. Prerequisites
5. Project Setup
6. Anchor Program Structure
7. Client Example (TypeScript)
8. Testing
9. Further Reading

---

What Is CLAMM?

A Concentrated Liquidity Automated Market Maker (CLAMM) is an AMM design where liquidity providers (LPs) allocate capital within custom price ranges (ticks), similar to Uniswap v3. By concentrating liquidity:

• LPs earn higher fees on their capital.
• Traders experience deeper liquidity and lower slippage around current prices.

Core components:

• Ticks: Discrete price boundaries defining where liquidity is active.
• Positions: LP deposits assigned to a tick range.
• Swap math: Calculates output amounts and updates liquidity using √price and tick data.

---

Key Concepts

Term	Description
Tick	A price step; liquidity is active between two ticks.
Liquidity	Depth provided by LPs within a tick range.
√Price	Square-root of price used in CLAMM formulas.
Fee Tier	Percentage fee (e.g., 0.3%) charged per swap.

---

Why Use CLAMM on Solana?

• High throughput: Solana’s parallel runtime executes CLAMM instructions quickly.
• Low fees: Enables micro-fee strategies for LPs.
• Deterministic PDAs: Anchor’s Program Derived Addresses manage tick arrays and vault accounts safely.

---

Prerequisites

• Rust and Solana toolchain installed (rustup, solana-cli).
• Anchor framework (npm install -g @project-serum/anchor-cli).
• Node.js and Yarn or npm.

---

Anchor Program Structure

programs/
  clamm-anchor/
    src/
      lib.rs         # program entry
      state.rs       # account definitions (Pool, Position)
      instruction.rs # instructions (initialize_pool, mint_position, swap)
    Cargo.toml

tests/
  clamm-anchor.ts   # integration tests

lib.rs snippet:

use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use clamm_core_math::{compute_swap, TickArray};

#[program]
pub mod clamm_anchor {
    use super::*;

    pub fn initialize_pool(ctx: Context<Init>, fee: u16, tick_spacing: i32) -> Result<()> {
        let pool = &mut ctx.accounts.pool;
        pool.fee = fee;
        pool.tick_spacing = tick_spacing;
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn mint_position(ctx: Context<Mint>, lower_tick: i32, upper_tick: i32, liquidity: u128) -> Result<()> {
        let pool = &mut ctx.accounts.pool;
        // update tick arrays, position state
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn swap(ctx: Context<Swap>, amount_in: u64) -> Result<u64> {
        let pool = &mut ctx.accounts.pool;
        let amount_out = compute_swap(pool, amount_in)?;
        Ok(amount_out)
    }
}

---

Client Example (TypeScript)

import * as anchor from "@project-serum/anchor";
import { ClammAnchor } from "../target/types/clamm_anchor";

const provider = anchor.AnchorProvider.env();
anchor.setProvider(provider);
const program = anchor.workspace.ClammAnchor as anchor.Program<ClammAnchor>;

async function main() {
  // Initialize pool
  await program.rpc.initializePool(30 /* fee bps */, 64 /* tick spacing */, {
    accounts: {
      pool: poolPda,
      payer: provider.wallet.publicKey,
      systemProgram: anchor.web3.SystemProgram.programId,
    },
  });

  // Mint position
  await program.rpc.mintPosition(-128, 128, new anchor.BN(1_000_000), {
    accounts: { pool: poolPda, position: positionPda, payer: provider.wallet.publicKey },
  });

  // Execute swap
  const out = await program.rpc.swap(new anchor.BN(10_000), {
    accounts: { pool: poolPda, payer: provider.wallet.publicKey },
  });
  console.log("Swapped out:", out.toString());
}

main();

---

Testing

# Run local validator
anchor localnet --reset

# In another terminal, run tests
anchor test

---

Further Reading

• Uniswap v3 whitepaper
• Anchor Book
• CLAMM Core Math