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Open5GS EPC & srsRAN 4G with ZeroMQ UE / RAN Sample Configuration - eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF(PGW-U))

This describes a simple configuration for working Open5GS EPC and eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF(PGW-U)). In particular, see here for eUPF.

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

Table of Contents

Overview of Open5GS CUPS-enabled EPC Simulation Mobile Network

This describes a simple configuration of C-Plane, eUPF and Data Network Gateway for Open5GS EPC. Note that this configuration is implemented with Proxmox VE VMs.

The following minimum configuration was set as a condition.

  • One SGW-U/UPF(PGW-U) and Data Network Gateway
  • One UE and one APN

The built simulation environment is as follows.

The EPC / eBPF/XDP PGW-U / UE / RAN used are as follows.

Each VMs are as follows.

VM SW & Role IP address OS CPU
(Min)		 Mem
(Min)		 HDD
(Min)
VM1 Open5GS EPC C-Plane 192.168.0.111/24 Ubuntu 24.04 1 2GB 20GB
VM2 Open5GS EPC U-Plane (SGW-U) 192.168.0.112/24 Ubuntu 24.04 1 1GB 20GB
VM-UP eUPF U-Plane (PGW-U) 192.168.0.151/24 Ubuntu 24.04 1 2GB 20GB
VM-DN Data Network Gateway 192.168.0.152/24 Ubuntu 24.04 1 1GB 10GB
VM3 srsRAN 4G ZMQ RAN (eNodeB) 192.168.0.121/24 Ubuntu 22.04 1 2GB 10GB
VM4 srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE 192.168.0.122/24 Ubuntu 22.04 1 2GB 10GB

The network interfaces of each VM are as follows.

VM Device Model Linux Bridge IP address Interface XDP
VM1 ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.111/24 (NAPT NW) --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.111/24 (Mgmt NW) --
ens20 VirtIO vmbr4 192.168.14.111/24 Sxb (N4 for 5GC) --
VM2 ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.112/24 (NAPT NW) --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.112/24 (Mgmt NW) --
ens20 VirtIO vmbr3 192.168.13.112/24 S1-U,S5u (N3 for 5GC) --
VM-UP ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.151/24 (NAPT NW) down --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.151/24 (Mgmt NW) --
ens20 VirtIO vmbr3 192.168.13.151/24 S5u (N3 for 5GC) x
ens21 VirtIO vmbr4 192.168.14.151/24 Sxb (N4 for 5GC) --
ens22 VirtIO vmbr6 192.168.16.151/24 SGi (N6 for 5GC) x
VM-DN ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.152/24 (NAPT NW) --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.152/24 (Mgmt NW) --
ens20 VirtIO vmbr6 192.168.16.152/24 SGi (N6 for 5GC),
default GW for VM-UP		 --
VM3 ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.121/24 (NAPT NW) --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.121/24 (Mgmt NW) --
ens20 VirtIO vmbr3 192.168.13.121/24 S1-U (N3 for 5GC) --
VM4 ens18 VirtIO vmbr1 10.0.0.122/24 (NAPT NW) --
ens19 VirtIO mgbr0 192.168.0.122/24 (Mgmt NW) --

Linux Bridges of Proxmox VE are as follows.

Linux Bridge Network CIDR Interface
vmbr1 10.0.0.0/24 NAPT NW
mgbr0 192.168.0.0/24 Mgmt NW
vmbr3 192.168.13.0/24 S1-U,S5u for EPC
vmbr4 192.168.14.0/24 Sxb for EPC
vmbr6 192.168.16.0/24 SGi for EPC

Subscriber Information (other information is the same) is as follows.

UE IMSI APN OP/OPc
UE 001010000000100 internet OPc

I registered these information with the Open5GS WebUI. In addition, 3GPP TS 35.208 "4.3 Test Sets" is published by 3GPP as test data for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions (MILENAGE).

The PDN is as follows.

PDN APN TUNnel interface of UE
10.45.0.0/16 internet tun_srsue

The main information of eNodeB is as follows.

MCC MNC TAC eNodeB ID Cell ID E-UTRAN Cell ID
001 01 1 0x19b 0x01 0x19b01

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building Open5GS, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ respectively.

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC C-Plane

The following parameters can be used in the logic that selects SGW-U and UPF(PGW-U) as the connection destination by PFCP.

  • APN
  • TAC (Tracking Area Code)
  • e_CellID

For the sake of simplicity, I used only APN this time.

  • open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/mme.yaml
--- mme.yaml.orig       2025-04-27 11:38:05.000000000 +0900
+++ mme.yaml    2025-05-04 08:17:19.608382075 +0900
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
   freeDiameter: /root/open5gs/install/etc/freeDiameter/mme.conf
   s1ap:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.2
+      - address: 192.168.0.111
   gtpc:
     server:
       - address: 127.0.0.2
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@
         port: 9090
   gummei:
     - plmn_id:
-        mcc: 999
-        mnc: 70
+        mcc: 001
+        mnc: 01
       mme_gid: 2
       mme_code: 1
   tai:
     - plmn_id:
-        mcc: 999
-        mnc: 70
+        mcc: 001
+        mnc: 01
       tac: 1
   security:
     integrity_order : [ EIA2, EIA1, EIA0 ]
  • open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/sgwc.yaml
--- sgwc.yaml.orig      2024-05-02 19:52:00.000000000 +0900
+++ sgwc.yaml   2025-05-04 08:26:48.859933645 +0900
@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@
       - address: 127.0.0.3
   pfcp:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.3
+      - address: 192.168.0.111
     client:
       sgwu:
-        - address: 127.0.0.6
+        - address: 192.168.0.112
+          apn: internet
 
 ################################################################################
 # GTP-C Server
  • open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/smf.yaml
--- smf.yaml.orig       2025-04-27 11:38:05.000000000 +0900
+++ smf.yaml    2025-05-04 14:36:56.426754902 +0900
@@ -9,27 +9,19 @@
 #    peer: 64
 
 smf:
-  sbi:
-    server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.4
-        port: 7777
-    client:
-#      nrf:
-#        - uri: http://127.0.0.10:7777
-      scp:
-        - uri: http://127.0.0.200:7777
   pfcp:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.4
+      - address: 192.168.14.111
     client:
       upf:
-        - address: 127.0.0.7
+        - address: 192.168.14.151
+          dnn: internet
   gtpc:
     server:
       - address: 127.0.0.4
   gtpu:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.4
+      - address: 192.168.14.111
   metrics:
     server:
       - address: 127.0.0.4
@@ -37,13 +29,10 @@
   session:
     - subnet: 10.45.0.0/16
       gateway: 10.45.0.1
-    - subnet: 2001:db8:cafe::/48
-      gateway: 2001:db8:cafe::1
+      dnn: internet
   dns:
     - 8.8.8.8
     - 8.8.4.4
-    - 2001:4860:4860::8888
-    - 2001:4860:4860::8844
   mtu: 1400
 #  p-cscf:
 #    - 127.0.0.1

Changes in configuration files of Open5GS EPC U-Plane

  • open5gs/install/etc/open5gs/sgwu.yaml
--- sgwu.yaml.orig      2024-05-02 19:52:00.000000000 +0900
+++ sgwu.yaml   2024-10-27 09:32:03.556465579 +0900
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@
 sgwu:
   pfcp:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.6
+      - address: 192.168.0.112
     client:
 #      sgwc:    # SGW-U PFCP Client try to associate SGW-C PFCP Server
 #        - address: 127.0.0.3
   gtpu:
     server:
-      - address: 127.0.0.6
+      - address: 192.168.13.112
 
 ################################################################################
 # PFCP Server

Changes in configuration files of eUPF

See here for the original files.

  • eupf/config.yml
    There is no change.

Changes in configuration files of srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of RAN

  • srsRAN_4G/build/srsenb/enb.conf
--- enb.conf.example    2024-02-03 23:26:02.000000000 +0900
+++ enb.conf    2024-03-10 17:00:27.383907337 +0900
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@
 enb_id = 0x19B
 mcc = 001
 mnc = 01
-mme_addr = 127.0.1.100
-gtp_bind_addr = 127.0.1.1
-s1c_bind_addr = 127.0.1.1
+mme_addr = 192.168.0.111
+gtp_bind_addr = 192.168.13.121
+s1c_bind_addr = 192.168.0.121
 s1c_bind_port = 0
 n_prb = 50
 #tm = 4
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@
 #time_adv_nsamples = auto
 
 # Example for ZMQ-based operation with TCP transport for I/Q samples
-#device_name = zmq
-#device_args = fail_on_disconnect=true,tx_port=tcp://*:2000,rx_port=tcp://localhost:2001,id=enb,base_srate=23.04e6
+device_name = zmq
+device_args = fail_on_disconnect=true,tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000,rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001,id=enb,base_srate=23.04e6
 
 #####################################################################
 # Packet capture configuration
  • srsRAN_4G/build/srsenb/rr.conf
--- rr.conf.example     2024-02-03 23:26:02.000000000 +0900
+++ rr.conf     2023-05-02 11:52:54.000000000 +0900
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
   {
     // rf_port = 0;
     cell_id = 0x01;
-    tac = 0x0007;
+    tac = 0x0001;
     pci = 1;
     // root_seq_idx = 204;
     dl_earfcn = 3350;

Changes in configuration files of UE

  • srsRAN_4G/build/srsue/ue.conf
--- ue.conf.example     2024-02-03 23:26:02.000000000 +0900
+++ ue.conf     2023-05-02 12:01:28.000000000 +0900
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@
 #continuous_tx     = auto
 
 # Example for ZMQ-based operation with TCP transport for I/Q samples
-#device_name = zmq
-#device_args = tx_port=tcp://*:2001,rx_port=tcp://localhost:2000,id=ue,base_srate=23.04e6
+device_name = zmq
+device_args = tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001,rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000,id=ue,base_srate=23.04e6
 
 #####################################################################
 # EUTRA RAT configuration
@@ -139,9 +139,9 @@
 [usim]
 mode = soft
 algo = milenage
-opc  = 63BFA50EE6523365FF14C1F45F88737D
-k    = 00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff
-imsi = 001010123456780
+opc  = E8ED289DEBA952E4283B54E88E6183CA
+k    = 465B5CE8B199B49FAA5F0A2EE238A6BC
+imsi = 001010000000100
 imei = 353490069873319
 #reader =
 #pin  = 1234
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@
 #                      Supported: 0 - NULL, 1 - Snow3G, 2 - AES, 3 - ZUC
 #####################################################################
 [nas]
-#apn = internetinternet
-#apn_protocol = ipv4
+apn = internet
+apn_protocol = ipv4
 #user = srsuser
 #pass = srspass
 #force_imsi_attach = false

Network settings of Open5GS 5GC, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN

Network settings of eUPF and Data Network Gateway

See this1 and this2.

Build Open5GS, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building Open5GS, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN respectively.

Install MongoDB on Open5GS EPC C-Plane machine. MongoDB Compass is a convenient tool to look at the MongoDB database.

Run Open5GS EPC, eUPF and srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE / RAN

First run eUPF and EPC U-Plane(SGW-U), then EPC C-Plane, the RAN, and the UE.

Run eUPF

See this.

Run Open5GS EPC U-Plane

./install/bin/open5gs-sgwud &

Run Open5GS EPC C-Plane

./install/bin/open5gs-hssd &
./install/bin/open5gs-pcrfd &
sleep 1
./install/bin/open5gs-mmed &
./install/bin/open5gs-sgwcd &
./install/bin/open5gs-smfd &

The PFCP association log between eUPF and Open5GS SMF is as follows.

2025/05/04 16:02:31 INF Got Association Setup Request from: 192.168.14.111
2025/05/04 16:02:31 INF 
Association Setup Request:
  Node ID: 192.168.14.111
  Recovery Time: 2025-05-04 16:02:31 +0900 JST

2025/05/04 16:02:31 INF Saving new association: &{ID:192.168.14.111 Addr:192.168.14.111 NextSessionID:1 NextSequenceID:1 Sessions:map[] HeartbeatChannel:0xc0001007e0 HeartbeatsActive:false Mutex:{_:{} mu:{state:0 sema:0}}}

Run srsRAN 4G ZMQ RAN

Run srsRAN 4G ZMQ RAN and connect to Open5GS EPC.

# cd srsRAN_4G/build/srsenb
# ./src/srsenb enb.conf
---  Software Radio Systems LTE eNodeB  ---

Reading configuration file enb.conf...

Built in Release mode using commit ec29b0c1f on branch master.

Opening 1 channels in RF device=zmq with args=fail_on_disconnect=true,tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000,rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001,id=enb,base_srate=23.04e6
Supported RF device list: zmq file
CHx base_srate=23.04e6
CHx id=enb
Current sample rate is 1.92 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x12 decimation)
CH0 rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001
CH0 tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000
CH0 fail_on_disconnect=true
Current sample rate is 11.52 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x2 decimation)
Current sample rate is 11.52 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x2 decimation)
Setting frequency: DL=2680.0 Mhz, UL=2560.0 MHz for cc_idx=0 nof_prb=50

==== eNodeB started ===
Type <t> to view trace

The Open5GS C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

05/04 16:02:58.236: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1 accepted[192.168.0.121]:33594 in s1_path module (../src/mme/s1ap-sctp.c:114)
05/04 16:02:58.236: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1 accepted[192.168.0.121] in master_sm module (../src/mme/mme-sm.c:108)
05/04 16:02:58.236: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNBs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3031)
05/04 16:02:58.236: [mme] INFO: eNB-S1[192.168.0.121] max_num_of_ostreams : 30 (../src/mme/mme-sm.c:157)

Run srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE

Run srsRAN 4G ZMQ UE and connect to Open5GS EPC.

# cd srsRAN_4G/build/srsue
# ./src/srsue ue.conf
Reading configuration file ue.conf...

Built in Release mode using commit ec29b0c1f on branch master.

Opening 1 channels in RF device=zmq with args=tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001,rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000,id=ue,base_srate=23.04e6
Supported RF device list: zmq file
CHx base_srate=23.04e6
CHx id=ue
Current sample rate is 1.92 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x12 decimation)
CH0 rx_port=tcp://192.168.0.121:2000
CH0 tx_port=tcp://192.168.0.122:2001
Waiting PHY to initialize ... done!
Attaching UE...
Current sample rate is 1.92 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x12 decimation)
Current sample rate is 1.92 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x12 decimation)
.
Found Cell:  Mode=FDD, PCI=1, PRB=50, Ports=1, CP=Normal, CFO=-0.2 KHz
Current sample rate is 11.52 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x2 decimation)
Current sample rate is 11.52 MHz with a base rate of 23.04 MHz (x2 decimation)
Found PLMN:  Id=00101, TAC=1
Random Access Transmission: seq=29, tti=181, ra-rnti=0x2
RRC Connected
Random Access Complete.     c-rnti=0x46, ta=0
Network attach successful. IP: 10.45.0.2
 nTp) ((t) 4/5/2025 7:4:3 TZ:99

The Open5GS C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO: InitialUEMessage (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:431)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of eNB-UEs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:5148)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO: Unknown UE by S_TMSI[G:2,C:1,M_TMSI:0xc00003ad] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:510)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO:     ENB_UE_S1AP_ID[1] MME_UE_S1AP_ID[1] TAC[1] CellID[0x19b01] (../src/mme/s1ap-handler.c:607)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO: Unknown UE by GUTI[G:2,C:1,M_TMSI:0xc00003ad] (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3840)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-UEs is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:3631)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [emm] INFO: [] Attach request (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:474)
05/04 16:04:03.274: [emm] INFO:     GUTI[G:2,C:1,M_TMSI:0xc00003ad] IMSI[Unknown IMSI] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:246)
05/04 16:04:03.295: [emm] INFO: Identity response (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:444)
05/04 16:04:03.295: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000100] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:482)
05/04 16:04:03.363: [mme] INFO: [Added] Number of MME-Sessions is now 1 (../src/mme/mme-context.c:5162)
05/04 16:04:03.404: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-UEs is now 1 (../src/sgwc/context.c:239)
05/04 16:04:03.404: [sgwc] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWC-Sessions is now 1 (../src/sgwc/context.c:924)
05/04 16:04:03.404: [sgwc] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000100] APN[internet] (../src/sgwc/s11-handler.c:268)
05/04 16:04:03.405: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [127.0.0.4]:2123 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
05/04 16:04:03.405: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-UEs is now 1 (../src/smf/context.c:1033)
05/04 16:04:03.405: [smf] INFO: [Added] Number of SMF-Sessions is now 1 (../src/smf/context.c:3190)
05/04 16:04:03.405: [smf] INFO: UE IMSI[001010000000100] APN[internet] IPv4[10.45.0.2] IPv6[] (../src/smf/s5c-handler.c:303)
05/04 16:04:03.408: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.13.151]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
05/04 16:04:03.674: [emm] INFO: [001010000000100] Attach complete (../src/mme/emm-sm.c:1548)
05/04 16:04:03.674: [emm] INFO:     IMSI[001010000000100] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:286)
05/04 16:04:03.674: [emm] INFO:     UTC [2025-05-04T07:04:03] Timezone[0]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:292)
05/04 16:04:03.674: [emm] INFO:     LOCAL [2025-05-04T16:04:03] Timezone[32400]/DST[0] (../src/mme/emm-handler.c:296)

The Open5GS U-Plane log when executed is as follows.

05/04 16:04:03.430: [sgwu] INFO: UE F-SEID[UP:0xe6e CP:0x264] (../src/sgwu/context.c:170)
05/04 16:04:03.430: [sgwu] INFO: [Added] Number of SGWU-Sessions is now 1 (../src/sgwu/context.c:175)
05/04 16:04:03.435: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.13.151]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)
05/04 16:04:03.700: [gtp] INFO: gtp_connect() [192.168.13.121]:2152 (../lib/gtp/path.c:60)

The PDU session establishment log of eUPF is as follows.

2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Got Session Establishment Request from: 192.168.14.111.
2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF 
Session Establishment Request:
  CreatePDR ID: 1 
    FAR ID: 1 
    QER ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 1 
    UE IPv4 Address: 10.45.0.2 
  CreatePDR ID: 2 
    Outer Header Removal: 0 
    FAR ID: 2 
    QER ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 0 
    TEID: 0 
    Ipv4: <nil> 
    Ipv6: <nil> 
    UE IPv4 Address: 10.45.0.2 
  CreatePDR ID: 3 
    Outer Header Removal: 0 
    FAR ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 3 
    TEID: 0 
    Ipv4: <nil> 
    Ipv6: <nil> 
  CreatePDR ID: 4 
    Outer Header Removal: 0 
    FAR ID: 3 
    Source Interface: 0 
    TEID: 0 
    Ipv4: <nil> 
    Ipv6: <nil> 
    SDF Filter: permit out 58 from ff02::2/128 to assigned 
  CreateFAR ID: 1 
    Apply Action: [2 0] 
    Forwarding Parameters:
      Network Instance:internet 
      Outer Header Creation: &{OuterHeaderCreationDescription:256 TEID:32254 IPv4Address:192.168.13.112 IPv6Address:<nil> PortNumber:0 CTag:0 STag:0} 
  CreateFAR ID: 2 
    Apply Action: [2 0] 
    Forwarding Parameters:
      Network Instance:internet 
  CreateFAR ID: 3 
    Apply Action: [2 0] 
    Forwarding Parameters:
      Outer Header Creation: &{OuterHeaderCreationDescription:256 TEID:1 IPv4Address:192.168.14.111 IPv6Address:<nil> PortNumber:0 CTag:0 STag:0} 
  CreateQER ID: 1 
    Gate Status DL: 0 
    Gate Status UL: 0 
    Max Bitrate DL: 1000000 
    Max Bitrate UL: 1000000 
  CreateBAR ID: 1

2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Saving FAR info to session: 1, {Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:1 Teid:32254 RemoteIP:1879943360 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0}
2025/05/04 16:04:02 WRN No OuterHeaderCreation
2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Saving FAR info to session: 2, {Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:0 Teid:0 RemoteIP:0 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0}
2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Saving FAR info to session: 3, {Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:1 Teid:1 RemoteIP:1863231680 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0}
2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Saving QER info to session: 1, {GateStatusUL:0 GateStatusDL:0 Qfi:0 MaxBitrateUL:1000000000 MaxBitrateDL:1000000000 StartUL:0 StartDL:0}
2025/05/04 16:04:02 Matched groups: ["permit out 58 from ff02::2/128 to assigned" "58" "ff02::2" "128" "" "assigned" "" ""]
2025/05/04 16:04:02 INF Session Establishment Request from 192.168.14.111 accepted.

The result of ip addr show on VM4 (UE) is as follows.

5: tun_srsue: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.45.0.2/24 scope global tun_srsue
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Ping google.com

Specify the UE's TUNnel interface and try ping.

Case for going through PDN 10.45.0.0/16

Run tcpdump on VM-DN and check that the packet goes through N6 (ens20).

  • ping google.com on VM4 (UE)
# ping google.com -I tun_srsue -n
PING google.com (142.250.196.142) from 10.45.0.2 tun_srsue: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 142.250.196.142: icmp_seq=1 ttl=110 time=46.5 ms
64 bytes from 142.250.196.142: icmp_seq=2 ttl=110 time=43.7 ms
64 bytes from 142.250.196.142: icmp_seq=3 ttl=110 time=42.7 ms
  • Run tcpdump on VM-DN
# tcpdump -i ens20 -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode
listening on ens20, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
16:07:04.712162 IP 10.45.0.2 > 142.250.196.142: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 1, length 64
16:07:04.728309 IP 142.250.196.142 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 1, length 64
16:07:05.711023 IP 10.45.0.2 > 142.250.196.142: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 2, length 64
16:07:05.727397 IP 142.250.196.142 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 2, length 64
16:07:06.710802 IP 10.45.0.2 > 142.250.196.142: ICMP echo request, id 4, seq 3, length 64
16:07:06.727415 IP 142.250.196.142 > 10.45.0.2: ICMP echo reply, id 4, seq 3, length 64

If you have built eUPF to output the kernel log for debugging as described here, you can see the kernel log as follows.

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe

In addition to ping, you may try to access the web by specifying the TUNnel interface with curl as follows.

  • curl google.com on VM4 (UE)
# curl --interface tun_srsue google.com
<HTML><HEAD><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>301 Moved</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1>301 Moved</H1>
The document has moved
<A HREF="http://www.google.com/">here</A>.
</BODY></HTML>
  • Run tcpdump on VM-DN
16:10:23.662870 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [S], seq 270853130, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1068313451 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
16:10:23.679710 IP 142.250.196.142.80 > 10.45.0.2.58688: Flags [S.], seq 58667899, ack 270853131, win 65535, options [mss 1412,sackOK,TS val 4293594094 ecr 1068313451,nop,wscale 8], length 0
16:10:23.878179 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [.], ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 1068313752 ecr 4293594094], length 0
16:10:23.878179 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [P.], seq 1:75, ack 1, win 502, options [nop,nop,TS val 1068313752 ecr 4293594094], length 74: HTTP: GET / HTTP/1.1
16:10:23.895510 IP 142.250.196.142.80 > 10.45.0.2.58688: Flags [.], ack 75, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 4293594310 ecr 1068313752], length 0
16:10:23.989562 IP 142.250.196.142.80 > 10.45.0.2.58688: Flags [P.], seq 1:774, ack 75, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 4293594404 ecr 1068313752], length 773: HTTP: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
16:10:24.032326 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [.], ack 774, win 501, options [nop,nop,TS val 1068313898 ecr 4293594404], length 0
16:10:24.032326 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [F.], seq 75, ack 774, win 501, options [nop,nop,TS val 1068313898 ecr 4293594404], length 0
16:10:24.049127 IP 142.250.196.142.80 > 10.45.0.2.58688: Flags [F.], seq 774, ack 76, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 4293594463 ecr 1068313898], length 0
16:10:24.075114 IP 10.45.0.2.58688 > 142.250.196.142.80: Flags [.], ack 775, win 501, options [nop,nop,TS val 1068313958 ecr 4293594463], length 0

Also, when trying iperf3 client on VM4 (UE), first change the default GW interface to tun_srsue. Below is an example of my environment (VM4).

# ip link set dev ens18 down
# ip route add default dev tun_srsue

Next, to avoid IP fragmentation, set as follows according to the instructions in here [7].

# ip link set tun_srsue mtu 1464

Then, bind the assigned IP address 10.45.0.2 and run iperf3 client. The following is an example of connecting to iperf3 server running on VM-DN 192.168.16.152.

# iperf3 -B 10.45.0.2 -c 192.168.16.152

You could now connect to the PDN and send any packets on the network using eUPF.

Now you could work Open5GS EPC with eUPF. I would like to thank the excellent developers and all the contributors of Open5GS, eUPF and srsRAN 4G.

Changelog (summary)

  • [2025.05.04] Updated to eUPF v0.7.1 (2025.04.16) and Open5GS v2.7.5 (2025.04.25). Changed the VM environment from Virtualbox to Proxmox VE.
  • [2024.03.24] Updated to eUPF v0.6.1.
  • [2023.12.05] The eUPF version confirmed to work in the changelog on 2023.12.04 has been tagged as v0.6.0.
  • [2023.12.05] Updated to Open5GS v2.7.0.
  • [2023.12.04] Updated as eUPF FTUP feature has been merged into main branch.
  • [2023.11.24] Updated to eUPF 120-upf-ftup-fteid branch that supports FTUP.
  • [2023.10.29] Initial release.

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Open5GS EPC & srsRAN 4G with ZeroMQ UE / RAN Sample Configuration - eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF(PGW-U))

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zeromq lte cups ebpf xdp epc 4g upf open5gs srsran eupf pgw-u

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