An interpreted dynamic typed toy programming language built with golang. Sample program here. More examples in examples folder.
It is a mixture of many programming languages ( C, C++, Javascript, Python, etc). Syntax wise and Performance wise.
Language Grammar in jo-grammar.cfg
print("Hello World");
Requires Golang
Without Building:
user@main:~$ go run cmd/interpreter/main.go example.joBy building
// Build for mac
user@main:~$ GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 go build -o jo cmd/interpreter/main.go
// Build for windows
user@main:~$ GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -o jo cmd/interpreter/main.go
// Run
user@main:~$ ./jo example.joBuilds for all OS and architecture as in Makefile. Built executables found at ./bin folder
user@main:~$ make- All types have the following methods
- len - length of the data works only for string and array
- type - returns the type of the data
Methods:
- type - returns the data type
- getInt - returns the integer value
- getFloat - returns the float value
- getString - returns the string value of the number
Example:
let a = null;
print(a.type());
if (a) {
print("Is not null");
}Methods:
- type - returns the data type
Example:
let a = true;
print(a.type());
if (a) {
print("Is true");
}Methods:
- type - returns the data type
- getInt - returns the integer value
- getFloat - returns the float value
- getString - returns the string value of the number
Example:
let numInt = 2;
let numFloat = 2.3;
print(numInt.type());
print(numFloat.type());
print(numInt.getFloat());
print(numFloat.getInt());
print(numInt.getString());Methods:
- type - returns the data type
- len - returns the string length
- get - get string from an index
- slice - get part of the string
- lower - convert string to lowercase letters.
- upper - convert string to uppercase letters.
- split - splits a string into an array of substrings.
- getInt - returns the integer value if parsable
- getFloat - returns the float value if parsable
- getString - returns the string value of the number
- replace - replace a string with new string
Example:
let num = "29.2";
print(num);
print(num.len());
print(num.type());
print(num.getInt());
print(num.getFloat());
print("abc".upper());
print("ABCDEF".lower());
print("String Sliced:", num.slice(0, 3));
print("String Get from index:", num.get(2));
print("String Split:", num.split("."));
// replace method takes 2 or 3 args
print("hello world hello".replace("world", "earth")); // takes 2 args if we want to replace only 1 occurance
print("hello world hello".replace("hello", "earth", -1)); // takes 3 args if we want to replace `n` occurance. if n < 0 all the matched string are replacedMethods:
- type - returns the data type
- len - returns the array length
- get - get data from an index
- slice - get part of the array
- push - push to the end of array
- pop - pop from the end of array
- set - set value to an index
- join - join the contents of the array with a join string
- contains - return bool if the array contains the data
Example:
let arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
print("Initial Array:", arr);
print("Array Length:", arr.len());
print("Array Sliced:", arr.slice(1,5));
print("Array Get from index:", arr.get(2));
print("rray Push:", arr.push(6));
print("Array Pop:", arr.pop());
print("Array Set:", arr.set(2, 69));
print("Array Join:", arr.join(" "));
print("Array Contains:", arr.contains(2));
print("Final Array:", arr);Methods:
- type - returns the struct type
Example:
struct Person {
fn init(name) {
print("constructor called");
self.name = name;
}
fn walk() {
print("walking");
}
}
let p = Person("Nick"); // struct instance
print(p.type());
p.walk();| Operator | Meaning of Operator |
|---|---|
| + | addition or unary plus |
| - | subtraction or unary minus |
| * | multiplication |
| / | division |
| % | remainder after division (modulo division) |
| Operator | Example |
|---|---|
| = | a = 2+3; |
| += | a += 6; |
| -= | a -= 9; |
| *= | a *= 4; |
| /= | a /= 2; |
| %= | a %= 0; |
| &&= | a &&= false; |
| ||= | a ||= true; |
| |= | a |= 3; |
| &= | a &= 6; |
| Operator | Meaning of Operator |
|---|---|
| == | Equal to |
| > | Greater than |
| < | Less than |
| != | Not equal to |
| >= | Greater than or equal to |
| <= | Less than or equal to |
| Operator | Meaning |
|---|---|
| && | Logical AND. True only if all operands are true |
| || | Logical OR. True only if either one operand is true |
| ! | Logical NOT. True only if the operand is 0 |
let variable_name = 2 + 3;fn add(a, b) {
return a + b;
}- Struct uses
selfkeyword inside the struct methods/functions to assign attributes to the struct. [ likethiskeyword ] - Constructor method name should be
init
struct Person {
// Constructor
fn init(name, address, age) {
self.name = name;
self.address = address;
self.age = age;
}
fn printinfo() {
print("Name", self.getName());
print("Address", self.getAddress());
print("Age", self.getAge());
}
fn walk(steps, limit) {
for (let i = 0; i < steps; i = i + 1) {
if (i >= limit) {
break;
}
print("Person Walking", i + 1, "step");
}
}
fn getName() {
return self.name;
}
fn getAddress() {
return self.address;
}
fn getAge() {
return self.age;
}
}
// Making instance of the struct
let p1 = Person("John", "USA", 20);
// Calling methods of the Person struct instance
p1.printinfo();
p1.walk(5, 10);let a = 3;
if ( a == 0 ) {
print(a, "is zero");
} elif ( a % 2 == 0 ) {
print(a, "is even");
} else {
print(a, "is odd");
}let a = 3;
switch (a) {
case 1:
print("1");
break;
case 2, 3:
print("2 or 3");
default:
print("NOT 1 or 2 or 3");
}for (let i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) {
if (i == 5 ) {
break; // continue
}
print(i);
}let i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
print(i);
i += 1;
}// car.js
struct Car {
fn init(name) {
self.name = name;
}
fn drive() {
print("Driving a car named " + self.name);
}
}
export Car;// main.js
import "car" as Car
// import "car"
let car1 = Car("lambo");
car1.drive();Get input from the console. Accepts a single argument.
let name = input("Enter your name:");
Print to the console. Accepts any number of arguments.
let name = input("Enter your name:");
print("Your name is", name);
Has attributes and methods to perform mathematical tasks on numbers
// Attributes
print(math.pi); // Value of Pi
print(math.e); // Value of Euler's number
// Methods
print(math.random()); // random float between 0 and 1
print(math.pow(2,2)); // x to the power y
print(math.exp(2)); // value of e ^ x
print(math.log(2)); // natural log
print(math.log2(2)); // log base 2
print(math.log10(2)); // log base 10
print(math.sqrt(4)); // square root
print(math.abs(-69)); // absolute (positive)
print(math.sin(6)); // sine value
print(math.cos(29)); // cosine value
print(math.tan(30)); // tan value
print(math.round(7.89)); // rounds to nearest integer
print(math.ceil(7.89)); // rounds up to nearest integer
print(math.floor(7.89)); // rounds down to nearest integerlet name = input("Enter your name: ");
let hasName = name != "";
if (!hasName) {
name = "World";
}
// Printing Hello, World if name is empty
// else Hello, {name}
print("Hello,", name);
// Print if number is even or odd from 0 to 10
// Helper Functions
fn mod(num, by) {
return num % by;
}
fn isEven(num) {
return mod(num, 2) == 0;
}
for ( let i = 0; i <= 10; i += 1 ) {
if ( isEven(i) ) {
print("is even", i);
} else {
print("is odd", i);
}
}
// Fibonacci
fn fib(num) {
if (num == 0 || num == 1) {
return 1;
}
return fib(num - 1) + fib(num - 2);
}
for ( let i = 0; i < 10; i += 1 ) {
print("FIB", i, fib(i));
}