[exporter/azuremonitor] enchancement AND semantic update to 1.34.0

[kyle-mccray]

Description

From issue the AspNet OTEL instrumentation was upgraded to use semantic version 1.24.0. This became a breaking change for the azure monitor exporter that was stuck on 1.12.0/1.27.0/1.7.0 semantic versions. This PR updates the azure monitor exporter to 1.34.0

Link to tracking issue

Fixes #41289

Testing

• Updated conventions_test.go to handle client and server / breaking api changes
• Updated trace_to_envelope_test.go to handle the split of client and server / breaking api changes
• Followed the local testing steps
• Ran the collector local with my config to confirm data was flowing into azure app insights

[linux-foundation-easycla]

The committers listed above are authorized under a signed CLA.

• ✅ login: kyle-mccray / name: Kyle McCray (49d1fb7, 7e53b95, c2ece41, c4cc8c4, ce18f14, d444bb6, fe9a08f)

[github-actions]

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[pjanotti]

Code changes LGTM - let's see if CI is green.