🗺️ FDF (Fil de Fer)

📝 Introduction

FDF (Fil de Fer) is a 42 School graphics project that involves creating a simple 3D wireframe renderer. The program reads a map file containing height values and renders it as a 3D wireframe model with various projections.

"This project is about creating a simplified 3D graphic representation of a relief landscape."

FDF introduces the fundamentals of graphics programming, including managing a window, handling events, and creating images with basic transformations.

🎯 Project Objectives

• Read and parse 3D map files
• Render 3D wireframe models from height maps
• Implement different projection types (isometric, parallel)
• Apply color gradients based on elevation
• Handle user input for model manipulation (rotation, zoom, translation)
• Efficiently draw lines between points
• Properly manage memory and graphical resources

🧩 Project Structure

fdf/
├── includes/
│   └── fdf.h        # Header with structures and function prototypes
├── src/
│   ├── color.c      # Color handling functions
│   ├── draw.c       # Line drawing algorithms
│   ├── god.c        # Main rendering and event handling
│   ├── init.c       # Initialization functions
│   ├── main.c       # Program entry point
│   ├── projections.c # Projection transformations
│   ├── read_file.c  # Map file parsing
│   ├── setters.c    # Setting various parameters
│   └── utils.c      # Utility functions
└── Makefile        # Compilation instructions

🛠️ Implementation Details

color.c

Color handling and management:

Function	Description
parse_color	Converts hexadecimal color strings (like "0xFF0000") to integer color values
get_default_color	Assigns default colors based on height values for gradient coloring

draw.c

Core drawing algorithms:

Function	Description
draw_line	Implements Bresenham's line algorithm to draw lines between points
put_pixel	Places a pixel at specific coordinates in the image buffer

god.c

Main rendering and event handling:

Function	Description
render_map	Coordinates the drawing of all lines to create the complete wireframe
handle_events	Processes user inputs and updates the display parameters accordingly

init.c

Setup and initialization:

Function	Description
init_fdf	Sets up the main FDF structure with default values and settings
init_mlx	Initializes the MiniLibX graphical context and creates a window

main.c

Program entry point:

Function	Description
main	Parses command-line arguments, initializes structures, and starts the main loop

projections.c

3D to 2D coordinate transformations:

Function	Description
apply_isometric	Transforms 3D coordinates to isometric projection (30° rotation)
apply_parallel	Applies parallel (orthographic) projection to 3D coordinates

read_file.c

Map file parsing:

Function	Description
read_map	Reads the map file line by line and stores height values in data structure
parse_line	Parses individual lines into coordinate and color data

setters.c

Parameter adjustment:

Function	Description
set_zoom	Automatically adjusts the zoom level based on map dimensions
set_offsets	Calculates initial offsets to center the map in the window

utils.c

Utility functions:

Function	Description
ft_atoi	Converts string representations of numbers to integers
error_exit	Handles error messages and gracefully exits the program

🎮 Features

• Multiple Projections: Switch between isometric and parallel views
• Dynamic Coloring: Height-based color gradients or custom colors from map files
• Interactive Controls:
  • Zoom in/out
  • Rotate model
  • Pan/translate
  • Adjust height factor
• Automatic Scaling: Adapts to different map sizes
• Error Handling: Robust handling of invalid inputs and file formats

🖼️ Supported Map Format

The program reads maps with the following format:

0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0  0 10 10  0  0 10 10  0  0  0 10 10 10 10 10  0  0  0
0  0 10 10  0  0 10 10  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 10 10  0  0
0  0 10 10  0  0 10 10  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 10 10  0  0
0  0 10 10 10 10 10 10  0  0  0  0 10 10 10 10  0  0  0
0  0  0 10 10 10 10 10  0  0  0 10 10  0  0  0  0  0  0
0  0  0  0  0  0 10 10  0  0  0 10 10  0  0  0  0  0  0
0  0  0  0  0  0 10 10  0  0  0 10 10 10 10 10 10  0  0
0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0

Each number represents a point in 3D space:

• Position in the grid (x,y)
• Height value (z)
• Optional color in hexadecimal format: 10,0xFF0000 for a red point at height 10

🧠 Skills Developed

• Graphics programming fundamentals
• 3D to 2D projection mathematics
• Event-driven programming
• Memory management for graphics resources
• File parsing and validation
• Implementation of drawing algorithms
• User interface design for interactive graphics

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📊 Project Stats

Metric	Value
Final Score	100/100
File Count	9
Graphics Library	MiniLibX
Projection Types	2