ElectroHat

Mark3 Tin-Foil Hat

WIP

Mark3 hat with goggles:

• first version: LdgDisplay
• second version: PrcDisplay

Consists of two major components -- the Hat and the Goggles -- each of which can be operated in stand-alone mode and are interacted with via web interfaces.

Hat

The Hat lights up the wires wrapping the cones in definable patterns and rates.

The Hat consists of:

• four cones (each of which is wrapped in a pair of colored EL wires)

  • using laser-cut acrylic bars with regular indentations that the wires snap into
    • TODO: add models for these bars

• eight colored EL wires

  • driven by an Alien Font Display driver card (https://github.com/jduanen/alienFontDisplay)

• ESP32-C3 WiFi-connected controller that controls the EL wires and offers the Hat's web interface

  • use Arduino2 IDE
    • add url to board manager
      • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/gh-pages/package_esp32_dev_index.json
    • add ESP32 board package
    • select XIAO_ESP32C3

• power supply consisting of

  • LiPo battery
  • battery charger: allows charging of battery (via USB connector) and generates 5V for the ESP controller
  • DC-DC converter: converts 5V from battery charger to 12V for HV AC PSU
  • high-voltage AC power supply: for the EL wires

Googles

The Googles display animated eyes that can be ?

The Goggles consist of:

• (steampunk-like) googles (with hemispherical lenses and masks)

  • https://www.adafruit.com/product/1577

• pair of round LCD displays (Waveshare)

  • 240x240 IPS
  • 32.4mm display diameter (package: 37.5mm diameter, max 40.4mm)
  • 4-wire SPI interface
  • 3.3V and 5V
  • GC9A01 driver
  • Pinout
    • VCC: 3.3V/5V
    • GND: Ground
    • DIN: SPI Data In
    • CLK: SPI Clock In
    • CS: Chip Select (active low)
    • DS: Data/Command select (high=Data, low=Command)
    • RST: Reset (active low)
    • BL: Backlight
  • https://www.waveshare.com/product/displays/lcd-oled/lcd-oled-3/1.28inch-lcd-module.htm
  • https://www.amazon.com/Display-Arduino-Raspberry-240%C3%97240-Embedded/dp/B095X1JDCM/ref=sr_1_15?crid=1DDHRPORF8AHX&keywords=amoled+display+component&qid=1663625753&sprefix=amoled+display%2Caps%2C218&sr=8-15
  • https://www.waveshare.com/product/displays/lcd-oled/lcd-oled-3/1.28inch-lcd-module.htm
  • https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/1.28inch_LCD_Module
  • Waveshare library and example code:
    • wget https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/File:LCD_Module_RPI_code.zip
  • TFT_eSPI library and example code:
    • uses Adafruit GFX library
    • installed through Arduino IDE Library Manager
      • Arduino IDE -> Library Manger -> TFT_eSPI
    • copy Setup300_RP2040_GC9A01_SPI_240x240.h to ${HOME}/Arduino/libraries/TFT_eSPI/User_Setups
    • edit ${HOME}/Arduino/libraries/TFT_eSPI/User_Setup_Select.h
      • uncomment all other includes
      • add this line:
        • #include <User_Setups/Setup300_RP2040_GC9A01_SPI_240x240.h> // Setup file for XIAO RP2040 and GC9A01 240 x 240 TFT using SPI
    • change all uses of "SCREEN_WIDTH" and "SCREEN_HEIGHT" to "EYE_WIDTH" and "EYE_HEIGHT"
  • Uncanny_Eyes application and eye table generation
    • git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Uncanny_Eyes.git
    • from convert/ copy defaultEye/, hextable.py, and tablegen.py
    • copy defaultEye/ to eye/
    • scale all images by a factor of 1.5
      • for f in *.png; do echo $f; convert -resize 150% $f $f; done
    • fix tablegen.py
      • ????
    • build eye.h file(s)
      • python3 tablegen.py eye/sclera.png eye/iris.png eye/lid-upper-symmetrical.png eye/lid-lower-symmetrical.png eye/lid-upper.png eye/lid-lower.png 120 > eye.h
      • change all uses of "SCREEN_WIDTH" and "SCREEN_HEIGHT" to "EYE_WIDTH" and "EYE_HEIGHT"

• XIAO RP2040 controller

  • install sdk and tools for RP2040
    • git clone https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico
    • follow install instructions
  • ARM M0+, dual-core, up to 133MHz
  • 264KB SRAM, 2MB Flash
  • UART, IIC, SPI, GPIO (11x), PWM, ADC (4x)
  • reset button and boot button, tricolor LED, RGB LED
  • 21x17.5mm
  • USB-C
  • 5V/3.3V
  • pinout
    • P26/A0/D0
    • P27/A1/D1
    • P28/A2/D2
    • P29/A3/D3
    • P6/SDA/D4
    • P7/SCL/D5
    • P0/TX/D6
    • RX/P1/CSn/D7
    • P2/SCK/D8
    • P4/MISO/D9
    • P3/MOSI/D10
    • 3V3: regulated output, <=700mA
    • GND: ground
    • 5V: output from USB port, can be used as input (requires diode)
  • compile and upload proc/home/jdn/Arduino/libraries/TFT_eSPI/User_Setup.sh:
    • doesn't work:
      • Arduino IDE 2.0: Sketch->Export Compiled Binary (Alt-Ctl-S)
      • hold B and press A until mount appears: /media/jdn/RPI-RP2
      • 'cp build/Seeeduino.rp2040.Seeed_XIAO_RP2040/*.ino.elf.uf2 /media/jdn/RPI-RP2/NEW.UF2'
      • press and release A
    • works:
      • run arduino IDE 1.8.19
        • Navigate to File > Preference, and fill "Additional Boards Manager URLs" with:
          • https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json
        • Use Boards Manager to:
          • remove XIAO RP2040 package 2.7.2
          • install package 1.12.0
          • doesn't work:
            • upgrade the package to 2.7.2
              • add symlink to deal with misnamed directory
                • pushd ${HOME}/.arduino15/packages/Seeeduino/hardware/rp2040/2.7.2/variants/
                • ln -s Seeed_XIAO_RP2040 SEEED_XIAO_RP2040
          • remove Seeeduino package and use pico package instead
  • hookup
    • VCC: 3V3
    • GND: ground
    • DIN: 3
    • CLK: 2
    • CS: 1
    • DC: 6
    • RST: 7
    • BL: 0

• XIAO ESP32-C3 controller

  • RISC-V single-core 32b CPU, up to 160MHz
  • 2.4GHz WiFi subsystem and BT5.0
  • 400KB SRAM, 4MB Flash
  • UART, IIC, IIS, SPI, GPIO (11x), PWM, ADC (4x)
  • reset button and boot button
  • 21x17.5mm
  • USB-C
  • 5V @ 200mA
  • pinout
    • GPIO2/A0/D0
    • GPIO3/A1/D1
    • GPIO4/A2/D2
    • GPIO5/A3/D3
    • GPIO6/SDA/D4
    • GPIO7/SCL/D5
    • GPIO21/TX/D6
    • GPIO20/RX/D7
    • GPIO8/SCK/D8
    • GPIO9/MISO/D9
    • GPIO10/MOSI/D10
    • 3V3: regulated output, <=700mA
    • GND: ground
    • 5V: output from USB port, can be used as input (requires diode)
  • https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_Getting_Started/
  • https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html
  • https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_WiFi_Usage/
  • hookup
    • VCC: 3V3
    • GND: ground
    • DIN: 10
    • CLK: 8
    • CS: 3
    • DC: 4
    • RST: 5
    • BL: 6

• LiPo battery and charger with USB interface

==============================================================================

Notes

• Uncanny Eyes

  • ESP32
    • https://www.hackster.io/laurentslab/halloween-skull-costume-with-uncanny-eyes-on-esp32-376a13
    • rendering takes ~6ms
    • ESP32 library has SPI.writePixels()
      • DMA and endianism-swizzle
    • 240x240 2B/pixel: 115,200 Bytes, 230KB for both displays
    • at 16MHz (divisor=5) SPI clock, ~72msec per display, ~14Hz
      • ~150ms (both displays) ~7Hz -- too slow, want ~20Hz
    • optimization opportunities:
      • overlap rendering and update
      • skip pixels that are still black (20-50% of the frame)
      • use both cores of the CPU
  • other links
    • uncanny eyes using ESP32 driving NTSC
      • https://github.com/Roger-random/esp_ntsc_eye
      • https://newscrewdriver.com/2021/05/03/putting-adafruit-uncanny-eyes-on-a-tube-tv/
    • Adafruit Monster M4SK
      • https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-monster-m4sk-eyes
    • M4 Eyes (2019)
      • two 240x240 LCD displays
      • 120MHz M4 CPU
      • libraries used:
        • Adafruit_Arcada
        • Adafruit_GFX
        • Adafruit_BusIO
        • Adafruit_ImageReader
        • Adafruit_LIS3DH
        • Adafruit_MSA301
        • Adafruit_NeoPixel
        • Adafruit_Seesaw
        • Adafruit_Sensor (Adafruit Unified Sensor in Library Manager)
        • Adafruit_SPIFlash
        • Adafruit_ST7789
        • Adafruit_TinyUSB
        • Adafruit_TouchScreen
        • Adafruit_ZeroDMA (Adafruit Zero DMA in Library Manager)
        • Adafruit_ZeroPDM (Adafruit Zero PDM in Library Manager)
        • Adafruit_ZeroTimer
        • ArduinoJson (not Arduino_JSON)
        • SdFat - Adafruit fork (not the standard SdFat fork)
        • Adafruit_AMG88xx (used by user_watch.cpp)
      • overclock, compile with -O3, use TinyUSB stack
      • https://learn.adafruit.com/pages/17050/elements/3037481/download?type=zip
    • halloween-skull-costume-with-uncanny-eyes-on-esp32 (2018)
      • ESP32, two 1.5" 128x128 OLEDs (SSD1351)
      • https://www.hackster.io/laurentslab/halloween-skull-costume-with-uncanny-eyes-on-esp32-376a13
    • Adafruit Hallowing M0
      • ATSAMD21, 1.44" 128x128 LCD, 8MB SPI flash
      • uses:
        • Adafruit_GFX
        • Adafruit_ST7735
      • https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-hallowing/
    • Uncanny Eye Pendant
      • ESP8266, 1.44" LCD display
    • TFT Animated Eyes
      • ESP32, two ST7735 128x128 displays, DMA
      • uses:
        • https://github.com/Bodmer/TFT_eSPI
      • https://github.com/Bodmer/TFT_eSPI/tree/master/examples/Generic/Animated_Eyes_2
      • https://www.instructables.com/TFT-Animated-Eyes/

• Libraries

  • TFT_eSPI
    • CPUs supported: RP2040, ESP32(-S2, -C3, -S3), ESP8266, STM32*
    • supports 4-wire SPI and 8bit parallel
    • display controllers supported: GC9A01, ILI9???, HX8357{B,C,D}, R61581, RM681?0, S6D02A1, SSD1351, SSD1963, ST7735, ST7789, ST7796
    • Sprites
      • kept in RAM, blit to any location on the screen
      • color types: 16b, 8b, 1b
      • max size:
        • ESP8266: 160x128
        • ESP32: 200x200 (16b), 320x240 (8b), 320x240 (1b)
    • Anti-aliased Fonts
      • .vlw files loaded into LittleFS files
    • https://github.com/Bodmer/TFT_eSPI
  • Adafruit_GC9A01A
    • https://github.com/PaintYourDragon/Adafruit_GC9A01A
  • Waveshare Library
    • ????
  • Most promising libraries (and hookups with ESP32)
    • library: TFT_eSPI
    • https://dronebotworkshop.com/gc9a01/
      • run demo code
        • Colour_Test sketch in Test and Diagnositc menu item in library samples
      • GC9A01 Animated Eyes

• elf to UF2 converters

  • https://github.com/lancaster-university/codal/blob/master/utils/uf2conv.py
  • https://github.com/blurfl/makeUF2-tool
  • can't use IDE tool (plugin) because of JRE/JDK mismatch

---

  * edit User_Setup.h in TFT_eSPI directory (/home/jdn/Arduino/libraries/TFT_eSPI/User_Setup.h)
    - select correct driver (unselect all others)

#define GC9A01_DRIVER - select correct pins (unselect all others) * for XIAO RP2040: #define TFT_MOSI 3 // In some display driver board, it might be written as "SDA" and so on. #define TFT_SCLK 2 #define TFT_DC 6 // Data Command control pin #define TFT_RST 7 // Reset pin (could connect to Arduino RESET pin) #define TFT_BL 0 // LED back-light #define TFT1_CS 28 // Chip select control pin for TFT1 #define TFT2_CS 29 // Chip select control pin for TFT2 * for XIAO ESP32-C3: #define TFT_MOSI 10 // In some display driver board, it might be written as "SDA" and so on. #define TFT_SCLK 8 #define TFT_CS 3 // Chip select control pin #define TFT_DC 4 // Data Command control pin #define TFT_RST 5 // Reset pin (could connect to Arduino RESET pin) #define TFT_BL 6 // LED back-light * edit files in ~/Arduino/libraries/TFT_eSPI/examples/*