Add new exercise: camicia

exercises/camicia/canonical-data.json

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+{
+  "exercise": "camicia",
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "uuid": "dca32c31-11ed-49f6-b078-79ab912c1f7b",
+      "description": "easy card combination",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "--------------------------",
+        "playerB": "----------AAAAKKKKQQQQJJJJ"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 40, 
+        "tricks": 4
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "1f8488d0-48d3-45ae-b819-59cedad0a5f4",
+      "description": "easy card combination, inverted decks",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "----------AAAAKKKKQQQQJJJJ",
+        "playerB": "--------------------------"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 40, 
+        "tricks": 4
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "98878d35-623a-4d05-b81a-7bdc569eb88d",
+      "description": "mirrored decks",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "-A-A-K-K-Q-Q-J-J----------",
+        "playerB": "-A-A-K-K-Q-Q-J-J----------"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 59, 
+        "tricks": 4
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "3e0ba597-ca10-484b-87a3-31a7df7d6da3",
+      "description": "opposite decks",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "-A-A-K-K-Q-Q-J-J----------",
+        "playerB": "----------J-J-Q-Q-K-K-A-A-"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 151, 
+        "tricks": 21
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "92334ddb-aaa7-47fa-ab36-e928a8a6a67c",
+      "description": "random decks #1",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "K---J----AK---J-J---------",
+        "playerB": "--KAQ-A-Q-----Q-K--A-Q-J--"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 542, 
+        "tricks": 76
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "30477523-9651-4860-84a3-e1ac461bb7fa",
+      "description": "random decks #2",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "-A---QJ-----KA--K---K---K-",
+        "playerB": "----QJA------JA-Q-JQ------"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 327, 
+        "tricks": 42
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "20967de8-9e94-4e0e-9010-14bc1c157432",
+      "description": "Kleber 1999",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "---JQ---K-A----A-J-K---QK-",
+        "playerB": "-J-----------AJQA----K---Q"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 5790, 
+        "tricks": 805
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "9f2fdfe8-27f3-4323-816d-6bce98a9c6f7",
+      "description": "Collins 2006",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "A-QK------Q----KA-----J---",
+        "playerB": "-JAK----A--Q----J---QJ--K-"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 6913, 
+        "tricks": 960
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "c90b6f8d-7013-49f3-b5cb-14ea006cca1d",
+      "description": "Mann and Wu 2007",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "K-KK----K-A-----JAA--Q--J-",
+        "playerB": "---Q---Q-J-----J------AQ--"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 7157, 
+        "tricks": 1007
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "a3f1fbc5-1d0b-499a-92a5-22932dfc6bc8",
+      "description": "Nessler 2012",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "----Q------A--K--A-A--QJK-",
+        "playerB": "-Q--J--J---QK---K----JA---"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 7207, 
+        "tricks": 1015
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "9cefb1ba-e6d1-4ab7-9d8f-76d8e0976d5f",
+      "description": "Anderson 2013",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "--A-Q--J--J---Q--AJ-K---K-",
+        "playerB": "-J-------Q------A--A--QKK-"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 7225, 
+        "tricks": 1016
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "d37c0318-5be6-48d0-ab72-a7aaaff86179",
+      "description": "Rucklidge 2014",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "-J------Q------AAA-----QQ-",
+        "playerB": "K----JA-----------KQ-K-JJK"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 7959,
+        "tricks": 1122
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "4305e479-ba87-432f-8a29-cd2bd75d2f05",
+      "description": "Nessler 2021",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "----K---A--Q-A--JJA------J",
+        "playerB": "-----KK---------A-JK-Q-Q-Q"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 7972, 
+        "tricks": 1106
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "252f5cc3-b86d-4251-87ce-f920b7a6a559",
+      "description": "Nessler 2022",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "---AJ--Q---------QAKQJJ-QK",
+        "playerB": "-----A----KJ-K--------A---"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "finished",
+        "cards": 8344, 
+        "tricks": 1164
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "b9efcfa4-842f-4542-8112-8389c714d958",
+      "description": "Casella 2024, first infinite game found",
+      "property": "simulateGame",
+      "input": {
+        "playerA": "---K---Q-KQAJ-----AAJ--J--",
+        "playerB": "----------Q----KQ-J-----KA"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "status": "loop",
+        "cards": 474, 
+        "tricks": 66
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

exercises/camicia/instructions.md

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+# Instructions
+
+In this exercise, you will simulate the classic card game **Beggar-my-neighbour** (*Camicia*).
+Your program will receive the initial configuration of two players’ decks and must simulate the game until it ends (or detect if it never does).
+
+## Rules
+
+* The deck is split between **two players**. Each player’s cards are represented as a string (top of the deck = leftmost character).
+
+* Players take turns placing the **top card** of their deck onto a central pile.
+
+* If the card is a **number card** (`-` in this scenario), play simply passes to the other player.
+
+* If the card is a **payment card**:
+
+  * `J` → opponent must pay 1 card
+  * `Q` → opponent must pay 2 cards
+  * `K` → opponent must pay 3 cards
+  * `A` → opponent must pay 4 cards
+
+* While paying, if the opponent reveals another payment card, the penalty immediately switches back.
+
+* If the penalty is fully paid without interruption, the player who laid the **last payment card** collects the central pile and places it at the bottom of their deck. That player also starts the next round.
+
+* The game ends when one player has no more cards.
+
+## Example
+
+Here’s a simple example of input and output.
+
+```json
+"input": {
+  "playerA": "--------------------------",
+  "playerB": "----------AAAAKKKKQQQQJJJJ"
+},
+"output": {
+  "status": "finished",
+  "cards": 40,
+  "tricks": 4
+}
+```
+
+### Explanation:
+
+* Player A only has number cards (`-`), so can never defend against a payment card.
+* Player B has a long sequence of Aces, Kings, Queens, and Jacks.
+* Each court card forces penalties, which Player A cannot counterattack, so Player B repeatedly wins the pile.
+* In the end, player B captures his opponent's entire deck by playing 40 cards in just 4 "tricks" (turns in which a deck is collected).
+
+## Your Task
+
+* Parse the two players’ decks from the input.
+* Simulate the game following the rules above.
+* Return the result as an object with:
+
+   * `"status"`: `"finished"` or `"loop"`
+   * `"cards"`: total number of cards played throughout the game
+   * `"tricks"`: number of times the central pile was collected

exercises/camicia/introduction.md

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+# Introduction
+
+One rainy afternoon, you sit at the kitchen table playing cards with your grandmother.\
+The game is [Beggar-my-neighbour][bmn], or as she calls it, “Camicia.” 
+
+At first it feels like just another friendly match:\
+cards slapped down, laughter across the table, the occasional victorious grin from Nonna.\
+But as the game drags on, something strange happens.\
+The pile keeps growing.\
+You play card after card, yet the end never seems to come.
+
+You start to wonder:\
+_Will this game ever finish? Or could we keep playing forever?_
+
+Later, driven by curiosity, you search online and to your surprise you discover that what happened wasn’t just bad luck.\
+You and your grandmother may have stumbled upon one of the longest possible sequences!\
+Suddenly, you’re hooked.\
+What began as a casual game has turned into a quest:\
+_How long can such a game really last?_\
+_Can you find a sequence even longer than the one you played at the kitchen table?_\
+_Perhaps even long enough to set a new world record?_
+
+And so, armed with nothing but a deck of cards and some algorithmic ingenuity, you decide to investigate…
+
+[bmn]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beggar-my-neighbour

exercises/camicia/metadata.toml

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+title = "Camicia"
+blurb = "Simulate the card game and determine whether the match ends or enters an infinite loop."
+source = "Beggar-My-Neighbour"
+source_url = "https://www.richardpmann.com/beggar-my-neighbour-records.html"