Cyberwarfare
"Cyberwar" redirects here. For other uses, see Cyberwar (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Electronic warfare. See also: Information warfare Part of a series on Information security Information Security Incidents by Category, Fiscal Year 2014.svg Related security categories
Automotive security Cybercrime
Cybersex trafficking Computer fraud Cybergeddon Cyberterrorism Cyberwarfare Electronic warfare Information warfare Internet security Mobile security Network security Copy protection Digital rights management
Threats
Adware Advanced persistent threat Arbitrary code execution Backdoors Hardware backdoors Code injection Crimeware Cross-site scripting Cryptojacking malware Botnets Data breach Drive-by download browser helper objects Computer crime Viruses Data scraping Denial of service Eavesdropping Email fraud Email spoofing Exploits Keyloggers Logic bombs Time bombs Fork bombs Zip bombs Fraudulent dialers Malware Payload Phishing Polymorphic engine Privilege escalation Ransomware Rootkits Bootkits Scareware Shellcode Spamming Social engineering (security) Screen scraping Spyware Software bugs Trojan horses Hardware Trojans Remote access trojans Vulnerability Web shells Wiper Worms SQL injection Rogue security software Zombie
Defenses
Application security
Secure coding Secure by default Secure by design
Misuse case Computer access control
Authentication
Multi-factor authentication Authorization Computer security software
Antivirus software Security-focused operating system Data-centric security Code obfuscation Encryption Firewall Intrusion detection system
Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) Anomaly detection Security information and event management Mobile secure gateway Runtime application self-protection
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Cyberwarfare is the use of digital attacks to attack a nation, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting the vital computer systems.[1] There is significant debate among experts regarding the definition of cyberwarfare, and even if such a thing exists.[2] One view is that the term "cyberwarfare" is a misnomer, since no offensive cyber actions to date could be described as "war". An alternative view is that "cyberwarfare" is a suitable label for cyber attacks which cause physical damage to people and objects in the real world.[3]
While there is debate over how to define and use "cyberwarfare" as a term, many countries including the United States, United Kingdom, Russia, China, Israel, Iran, and North Korea[4][5][6][7] have active cyber capabilities for offensive and defensive operations. As states explore the use of cyber operations and combine capabilities the likelihood of physical confrontation and violence playing out as a result of, or part of, a cyber operation is increased. However, meeting the scale and protracted nature of war is unlikely, thus ambiguity remains.[8]
The first instance of kinetic military action used in response to a cyber-attack resulting in the loss of human life was observed on 5 May 2019, when the Israel Defense Forces targeted and destroyed a building associated with an on-going cyber-attack.[9][10]
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