This code offers various encryption and scrambling techniques for digital image security. In the encryption methods (Logistic map, Henon map, and AES encryption), each pixel value of the image is individually encrypted using a mathematical equation to produce the encrypted image. Conversely, in the scrambling techniques (Arnold transformation and Hyperchaotic Chen system), the positions of the pixel values are rearranged to create the scrambled image without altering the pixel values themselves. Both approaches are reversible, allowing the original image to be recovered from the encrypted or scrambled version. The images in the "Image" folder were obtained from the USC-SIPI Image Database: https://sipi.usc.edu/database/database.php
If you find this code to be useful for your scientific research, please cite some of the following papers associated with this code:
- Riadh Bouarroudj, Feryel Souami, Fatma Zohra Bellala, Nabil Zerrouki, Fouzi Harrou, Ying Sun. Secure and Reversible Fragile Watermarking for Accurate Authentication and Tamper Localization in Medical Images. Computers and Electrical Engineering, Volume 123, (2025), Part B, 110072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2025.110072
- Riadh Bouarroudj, Fatma Zohra Bellala, Feryel Souami. High Capacity and Reversible Fragile Watermarking Method for Medical Image Authentication and Patient Data Hiding. Journal of Medical Systems. 48, 98 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916024-02110-x
- Riadh Bouarroudj, Feryel Souami, Fatma Zohra Bellala, Nabil Zerrouki. A reversible fragile watermarking technique using fourier transform and Fibonacci Q-matrix for medical image authentication. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Volume 92, (2024), 105967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2024.105967
- Riadh Bouarroudj, Fouzi Harrou, Nabil Zerrouki, Feryel Souami, Fatma Zohra Bellala, Ying Sun. Medical Image Authentication and Self-Recovery Using Fragile Watermarking in the Frequency Domain. 2025 IEEE 6th International Conference on Image Processing, Applications and Systems (IPAS), Lyon, France , 2025, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPAS63548.2025.10924548
- Riadh Bouarroudj, Fouzi Harrou, Nabil Zerrouki, Feryel Souami, Fatma Zohra Bellala, Ying Sun. Enhanced Medical Image Authentication and Precise Tamper Localization Using Discrete Cosine Stockwell Transform. 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Modeling, Simulation & Intelligent Computing (MoSICom), Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 2024, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/MoSICom63082.2024.10881922
- R. Bouarroudj, F. Souami and F. Z. Belalla, "Reversible Fragile Watermarking for Medical Image Authentication in the Frequency Domain," 2023 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Energy and Measurement (IC2EM), Medea, Algeria, 2023, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2EM59347.2023.10419699
- R. Bouarroudj, F. Souami and F. Z. Bellala, "Fragile watermarking for medical image authentication based on DCT technique," 2023 5th International Conference on Pattern Analysis and Intelligent Systems (PAIS), Sétif, Algeria, 2023, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/PAIS60821.2023.10322029