I'm a software engineer with 16+ years of formal experience (20+ if you include all those self-inflicted all-nighters) turning WordPress plugins from spaghetti nightmares into clean, testable masterpieces. I specialize in Domain-Driven Design, Clean Architecture, and Event Sourcing, basically, giving legacy code the therapy it desperately needs.
I've seen WordPress plugins with better architecture than this... said no one ever." (drops mic made of recycled global $wpdb objects) 🎤
"Your
functions.php
file called. It said: 'Kill me.'"
💡 Architectural Disclaimer
These patterns are for when your plugin needs its own DevOps and a support hotline. If you're just making a straightforward widget, maybe don't summon the Abstract Factory Dependency Injection Overlords for something solved by add_action('init', 'my_cool_function').
The Challenge: "We need OpenAI, Claude, Gemini, Cohere, Hugging Face, Replicate, Together AI, and Perplexity. Timeline? Three days."
BEFORE: "Pray to the Demo Gods" Architecture
// This is why developers have trust issues
function get_ai_response($provider, $prompt) {
if ($provider === 'openai') {
$response = wp_remote_post('https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions', [
'headers' => ['Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . get_option('openai_key')],
'body' => json_encode(['model' => 'gpt-4', 'messages' => [['role' => 'user', 'content' => $prompt]]])
]);
return json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response))['choices'][0]['message']['content'];
} elseif ($provider === 'claude') {
// *cries in copy-paste* - Another 50 lines of horror
$response = wp_remote_post('https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages', [
'headers' => ['x-api-key' => get_option('claude_key'), 'anthropic-version' => '2023-06-01'],
'body' => json_encode(['model' => 'claude-3-sonnet-20240229', 'max_tokens' => 1000, 'messages' => [['role' => 'user', 'content' => $prompt]]])
]);
return json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response))['content'][0]['text'];
}
// ... 47 more if/else statements because self-hatred
}
AFTER: Michelin Star AI Architecture ⭐⭐⭐
// Interface-driven perfection
interface AI_Provider_Interface {
public function create_builder(): Payload;
public function send_request(Request $payload): array;
public function parse_response(array $response): Response;
}
// Provider Factory Magic - 8 providers in 8 lines
Provider_Factory::register_provider('OPENAI', OpenAI_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('CLAUDE', Claude_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('DEEPSEEK', Deepseek_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('PERPLEXITY', Perplexity_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('GEMINI', Gemini_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('COHERE', Cohere_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('GROK', Grok_Provider::class);
Provider_Factory::register_provider('MISTRAL', Mistral_Provider::class);
// Fluent API that reads like poetry
$response = $provider->create_builder()
->endpoint('https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages')
->authorization($api_key)
->json_content()
->model('claude-3-sonnet-20240229')
->temperature(0.7)
->max_completion_tokens(2048)
->messages($conversation_history)
->build();
// Immutable value objects for bulletproof responses
final class Response {
public function get_content(): string { /* Works for ALL providers */ }
public function get_meta_data(): array { /* Standardized metadata */ }
public function get_raw(): array { /* Full debug access */ }
}
The Michelin Star Results:
- ⭐ Added 8 providers in 3 days (vs. 3 months for one)
- ⭐ 25 lines per provider (vs. 150+ lines of copy-paste)
- ⭐ Zero bugs in production (vs. weekly hotfixes)
- ⭐ 100% test coverage (vs. "it works on my machine")
The Challenge: "Our WooCommerce integration is held together with duct tape and crashes every Black Friday."
BEFORE: "It Works Until It Doesn't"
// This code has PTSD
function handle_woocommerce_order() {
global $wpdb, $woocommerce;
if (isset($_POST['order_id'])) {
$order_id = $_POST['order_id'];
// Business logic mixed with database queries
$items = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->prefix}woocommerce_order_items WHERE order_id = $order_id");
foreach ($items as $item) {
// Inventory management in a foreach loop because YOLO
$product_id = $wpdb->get_var("SELECT meta_value FROM {$wpdb->prefix}woocommerce_order_itemmeta
WHERE order_item_id = {$item->order_item_id}");
$stock = get_post_meta($product_id, '_stock', true);
update_post_meta($product_id, '_stock', $stock - $item->quantity);
// Third-party APIs without error handling
wp_remote_post('https://api.fulfillment.com/ship', [
'body' => json_encode(['product_id' => $product_id])
]);
}
}
}
AFTER: Domain-Driven Design Excellence
// Clean architecture that survives Black Friday
class Order_Completion_Handler {
public function __construct(
private Inventory_Service $inventory,
private Fulfillment_Service $fulfillment,
private Notification_Service $notifications,
private Order_Repository $orders
) {}
public function handle(Order_Completed_Event $event): void {
$order = $this->orders->find($event->order_id);
try {
foreach ($order->get_items() as $item) {
$inventory_result = $this->inventory->reserve_stock($item);
if ($inventory_result->is_low_stock()) {
$this->notifications->send_low_stock_alert($item->product);
}
$this->fulfillment->schedule_shipment($item, $order->shipping_address);
}
// Event sourcing for complete audit trail
$this->orders->record_event(
new Order_Processing_Completed_Event($order->id, $order->items)
);
} catch (Inventory_Exception | Fulfillment_Exception $e) {
$this->orders->record_event(
new Order_Processing_Failed_Event($order->id, $e->getMessage())
);
throw $e;
}
}
}
Results: ✅ Survived 3 Black Fridays ✅ Zero downtime ✅ 50% faster processing
The Challenge: "Our subscription logic is scattered across 15 files and breaks every time we add a payment method."
BEFORE: "WordPress Spaghetti Subscription Hell"
// Scattered procedural nightmare across multiple files
function handle_subscription_signup() {
global $wpdb;
if (isset($_POST['plan_id'])) {
$plan_id = sanitize_text_field($_POST['plan_id']);
$user_id = get_current_user_id();
// Business logic mixed with database operations
$plan = $wpdb->get_row("SELECT * FROM {$wpdb->prefix}subscription_plans WHERE id = $plan_id");
if ($plan->price > 0) {
// Payment processing scattered in different functions
if ($_POST['payment_method'] === 'stripe') {
include_once 'stripe-handler.php';
$charge = stripe_charge_customer($_POST['card_token'], $plan->price);
if ($charge->status === 'succeeded') {
// Subscription creation mixed with payment logic
$wpdb->insert($wpdb->prefix . 'subscriptions', [
'user_id' => $user_id,
'plan_id' => $plan_id,
'status' => 'active',
'next_billing' => date('Y-m-d', strtotime('+1 month'))
]);
// Email notifications buried in payment flow
wp_mail(get_user_by('id', $user_id)->user_email, 'Welcome!', 'You are subscribed!');
}
} elseif ($_POST['payment_method'] === 'paypal') {
// Copy-paste PayPal logic with slight variations
include_once 'paypal-handler.php';
// ... another 50 lines of duplicate logic
}
}
}
}
AFTER: Simple SOLID Design That Actually Works
// Clean domain separation with proper boundaries
namespace SubscriptionManagement\Domain {
// Value objects for type safety
final class Subscription_ID {
public function __construct(private string $id) {}
public function value(): string { return $this->id; }
}
// Domain entity with business rules
class Subscription {
public function __construct(
private Subscription_ID $id,
private User_ID $user_id,
private Plan $plan,
private Subscription_Status $status,
private Payment_Method $payment_method,
private \DateTimeImmutable $next_billing_date
) {}
public function renew(): Subscription_Renewal_Result {
if (!$this->is_active()) {
return Subscription_Renewal_Result::failed('Subscription not active');
}
if (!$this->is_due_for_renewal()) {
return Subscription_Renewal_Result::failed('Not due for renewal');
}
return Subscription_Renewal_Result::ready_for_payment();
}
public function cancel(): void {
$this->status = Subscription_Status::cancelled();
$this->record_event(new Subscription_Cancelled_Event($this->id));
}
}
}
// Application service coordinates domains
namespace SubscriptionManagement\Application {
class Subscription_Creation_Service {
public function __construct(
private Subscription_Repository $subscriptions,
private Payment_Service $payments,
private Email_Service $emails,
private Event_Store $events
) {}
public function create_subscription(Create_Subscription_Command $command): Subscription_Creation_Result {
$plan = $this->plans->find($command->plan_id);
// Domain logic: handle payment only if plan has cost
if (!$plan->is_free()) {
$payment_result = $this->payments->process_payment(
$command->payment_method,
$plan->price,
$command->user_id
);
if ($payment_result->failed()) {
return Subscription_Creation_Result::payment_failed($payment_result->error);
}
}
// Create subscription after successful payment
$subscription = Subscription::create($command->user_id, $plan, $command->payment_method);
$this->subscriptions->save($subscription);
// Send welcome email
$this->emails->send_subscription_welcome($subscription);
// Record domain event for analytics/integrations
$this->events->record(new Subscription_Created_Event($subscription));
return Subscription_Creation_Result::success($subscription);
}
}
}
Why This Architecture Wins:
✅ Single Responsibility - Each class has one job
✅ Payment Gateway Abstraction - Add new payment methods easily
✅ Domain Events - Clean audit trail and integrations
✅ Type Safety - Value objects prevent invalid states
✅ Testable - Mock repositories and services
Results: ✅ Added 4 payment gateways in 2 days ✅ Zero payment bugs ✅ Clean subscription logic
The Challenge: "Our codebase has 847 filters and debugging feels like archaeological excavation."
BEFORE: "Self-Hooking Madness - Everyone Hooks Into Everything"
// Core business logic polluted with filter registration
class Subscription_Pricing {
public function calculate_total($user, $plan) {
// Pure business logic... or is it? 🤔
$price = $plan->base_price;
// Why call methods when you can create filter chaos?
$price = apply_filters('modify_base_price', $price, $user, $plan);
$tax = apply_filters('calculate_tax', 0, $price, $user);
return $price + $tax;
}
}
// Marketing team hooks into business logic (because reasons)
class Marketing_Discounts {
public function __construct() {
add_filter('modify_base_price', [$this, 'apply_flash_sale'], 10, 3);
}
public function apply_flash_sale($price, $user, $plan) {
return $this->is_flash_sale_active() ? $price * 0.8 : $price;
}
}
// Accounting team also hooks in (spreadsheet warriors unite!)
class Tax_Calculator {
public function __construct() {
add_filter('calculate_tax', [$this, 'add_sales_tax'], 10, 3);
add_filter('modify_base_price', [$this, 'add_handling_fee'], 20, 3);
}
public function add_sales_tax($tax, $price, $user) {
return $price * 0.08; // 8% tax
}
public function add_handling_fee($price, $user, $plan) {
return $price + 2.99; // $2.99 handling (because why not?)
}
}
// Third-party plugin joins the party (chaos intensifies)
add_filter('modify_base_price', function($price, $user, $plan) {
// Some plugin decides to mess with pricing
return $user->is_vip() ? $price * 0.5 : $price;
}, 15, 3);
// Debugging this nightmare:
function debug_pricing() {
// Step 1: Base price $100
// Step 2: Flash sale makes it $80 (priority 10)
// Step 3: VIP discount makes it $40 (priority 15)
// Step 4: Handling fee makes it $42.99 (priority 20)
// Step 5: Tax calculation on $42.99 = $3.44
// Step 6: Total somehow becomes $46.43
// Step 7: Customer complains, nobody knows why
// Step 8: Blame WordPress 🤷♂️
}
AFTER: "Strategic Filters - Clean Boundaries & Clear Intent"
// Pure domain logic - no WordPress coupling
namespace Pricing\Domain {
class Subscription_Pricing_Service {
public function __construct(
private Discount_Service $discounts,
private Tax_Service $taxes
) {}
public function calculate_total(User $user, Plan $plan): Price_Breakdown {
$base_price = $plan->base_price;
// Clean, testable business logic
$discounted_price = $this->discounts->apply_discounts($user, $base_price);
$tax_amount = $this->taxes->calculate_tax($discounted_price, $user->billing_address);
return new Price_Breakdown($base_price, $discounted_price, $tax_amount);
}
}
}
// WordPress Adapter - THIS is where filters belong
namespace Pricing\Infrastructure {
class WP_Pricing_Adapter {
public function __construct(private Subscription_Pricing_Service $service) {}
public function calculate_subscription_price($user_id, $plan_id): array {
$user = $this->user_repository->find($user_id);
$plan = $this->plan_repository->find($plan_id);
$pricing = $this->service->calculate_total($user, $plan);
// Strategic filter: Allow third-parties to modify final pricing
$pricing_data = apply_filters('subscription_pricing_calculated', [
'base_price' => $pricing->base_price,
'discounted_price' => $pricing->discounted_price,
'tax_amount' => $pricing->tax_amount,
'total' => $pricing->total
], $user_id, $plan_id);
return $pricing_data;
}
}
}
// WordPress Integration - minimal hooks
class Pricing_Integration {
public function register_hooks(): void {
// ONE strategic hook for AJAX pricing requests
add_action('wp_ajax_calculate_pricing', [$this->adapter, 'handle_pricing_request']);
// ONE strategic filter for checkout integration
add_filter('woocommerce_cart_item_price', [$this, 'display_subscription_price'], 10, 2);
}
}
// Third-party plugins hook into clean extension points
add_filter('subscription_pricing_calculated', function($pricing_data, $user_id, $plan_id) {
// Clean, documented extension point
if (user_is_vip($user_id)) {
$pricing_data['discounted_price'] *= 0.9; // 10% VIP discount
$pricing_data['total'] = $pricing_data['discounted_price'] + $pricing_data['tax_amount'];
}
return $pricing_data;
}, 10, 3);
The Strategic Filter Philosophy:
✅ Business logic stays pure - no WordPress in domain layer
✅ 1 thoughtful filter vs scattered hooks everywhere
✅ Clear extension points - third-parties know exactly where to hook
✅ Debuggable - pricing logic traceable without filter archaeology
✅ Testable - mock repositories, test business rules in isolation
Results: ✅ Reduced filters from 847 to 12 ✅ 50% faster debugging ✅ Business logic testable without WordPress
The Challenge: "We have a 12,000-line class with minified jQuery in the middle. Help."
BEFORE: The Stuff of Nightmares (Stories Untold)
// *PTSD flashbacks intensifies*
class Everything_Manager {
public function do_everything($what = null, $how = null, $when = 'now', $why = 'because') {
global $wpdb, $wp_query, $post, $current_user, $woocommerce; // All the globals!
if ($what == 'user_stuff') {
// 500 lines of user management
$email_body = "<html><body>Welcome " . $_POST['name'] . "!</body></html>";
wp_mail($_POST['email'], 'Welcome!', $email_body);
$wpdb->insert($wpdb->users, ['user_login' => $_POST['username']]);
// And yes, minified jQuery in the middle of PHP (I survived this)
echo '<script>$(document).ready(function(){$("#thing").click(function(){$.post("ajax.php",{action:"thing"})});});</script>';
}
// ... 11,500 more lines of pure chaos
}
}
AFTER: Bounded Contexts Saved My Sanity
// Clean domains that actually make sense
namespace UserManagement\Domain {
class User_Registration_Service {
public function register(Registration_Request $request): Registration_Result {
// Single responsibility: user registration only
}
}
}
namespace Billing\Domain {
class Payment_Service {
public function process_payment(Payment_Request $request): Payment_Result {
// Single responsibility: payment processing only
}
}
}
// Application service coordinates domains
class User_Registration_Workflow {
public function execute(Registration_Command $command): void {
$user = $this->user_service->register($command->to_registration_request());
if ($command->has_payment()) {
$this->billing_service->process_payment($command->to_payment_request());
}
$this->email_service->send_welcome_email($user);
// Event sourcing for complete audit trail
$this->events->record(new User_Registered_Event($user->id));
}
}
Results: ✅ Refactored at 2 AM ✅ Survived on coffee ✅ Still smiled by 8 AM
- ⭐ Codeable Expert: Vetted to fix your worst plugin nightmares
- 🏆 Envato Elite Author: Released themes so sleek they nearly wrote themselves
- 🚀 Startup Founder at 21: Managed 20+ devs (made mistakes so you don't have to)
- 🎤 Cloudways Featured Developer: Official partner
- 🧠 LLM Optimization Specialist: QLoRA & RAG tricks that slash AI costs
- Languages: PHP · Python · JS/TS · SQL · React · LitElement
- Frameworks: WordPress · FastAPI · Next.js · Celery · Redis · Docker
- Architecture: DDD · CQRS · Event Sourcing · Clean Architecture
- AI & Data: OpenAI · Claude · Grok · Hugging Face · Name your AI, I got it · RAG pipelines · Looker Studio · BigQuery · Google Cloud Storage
- Your
functions.php
is a war crime. I'll grant it amnesty. - Your team debugs at 3 AM. This stops now.
- Your codebase has PTSD. I provide therapy (for code and developers).
- You need enterprise-grade architecture. I deliver Michelin star code.
→ Architecture Rescue Mission
For when your codebase is one commit away from becoming self-aware
→ Enterprise WordPress Development
Domain-driven design that would make Uncle Bob proud
→ Clean Architecture Mentoring
Transform developers from WordPress cowboys to architecture astronauts
"WordPress isn't the problem. Your architecture is. Let's fix it."
P.S. My approach is grounded in structured, proven software design patterns, drawing from both formal education and years of hands-on experience. I'm passionate about maintainable, scalable code, no matter where the lesson comes from.
Warning: Side effects may include pride in your codebase, the ability to deploy on Fridays, and code so clean it sparkles. ✨
Credits: Art by ChatGPT • Crafted with ☕, 16 years of battle scars, and an unhealthy obsession with bounded contexts