[Docker] Creating Docker image for dev env

[gxywang]

Setup Docker environment for unified & efficient development

Steps:

• Build ROS 2 galactic in Docker via Dockerfile
• Migrate VM env setup commands & scripts to Dockerfile commands & scripts
• Add new packages to environment from this semester's progress

Helpful Resources:

• Docker installation (Windows)
• Bhargav slides
• For NVIDIA
• Official ROS docker images
• For Silicon Mac