Flex Programming Language - Complete Guide

Introduction

Welcome to Flex, a flexible and beginner-friendly programming language that allows you to write code in multiple syntax styles, including Franko Arabic, English, and C-style syntax. Flex is designed for all levels of programmers, from children to professionals, providing an easy-to-learn syntax with powerful programming capabilities.

Why Flex?

Flex is unique because it:

• Supports multiple programming styles, allowing developers to write code in a way they are most comfortable with.
• Bridges the gap between high-level scripting languages (like Python) and low-level languages (like C).
• Uses regular expressions (regex) for tokenization, making parsing and error handling efficient.
• Has intuitive and readable syntax, making it an excellent choice for beginners while still being powerful for advanced users.
• Is designed to be cross-platform, ensuring compatibility across different operating systems.

This guide will take you from the basics to advanced concepts, with clear explanations and code examples with outputs.

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1. Getting Started with Flex

1.1 Features of Flex

• Supports multiple syntaxes (Franko Arabic, English, C-style, etc.)
• Uses regular expressions (regex) for efficient tokenization
• Provides control flow structures (if-else, loops, functions)
• Allows variable declarations with intuitive keywords
• Implements built-in functions for input and output
• No need for semicolons (;) at the end of statements
• Blocks are enclosed within {}
• Seamless integration with Python and C-style and Flex syntax
• Automatic type detection when variables are assigned values

1.2 Writing Your First Flex Program

etb3("Hello, Flex!")

Output:

Hello, Flex!

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2. Syntax and Basic Constructs

2.1 Variables and Data Types

Integer

rakm x = 10
int y = 5
rakm z=2, m=1, n=0
etb3("{x} and {y}")
etb3("count down {z} {m} {n}")

Output:

10 and 5
count down 2 1 0

Float

kasr pi = 3.14
float radius = 3
etb3("Value of pi is {pi} and the radius value is {radius}")

Output:

Value of pi is 3.14 and the radius value is 3.0

Boolean

isActive = true
bool isComplete = false
etb3("Active: {isActive}, Complete: {isComplete}")

Output:

Active: True, Complete: False

String

klma message = "Welcome to Flex!"
string letter = "Welcome to the world!"
etb3(message)
etb3(letter)

Output:

Welcome to Flex!
Welcome to the world!

Lists (Arrays)

dorg myList = [1, 2.3, "hello", true]
list alist = [15,3,26,1000]
etb3(myList)
etb3(alist)

Output:

[1, 2.3, 'hello', True]
[15, 3, 26, 1000]

Auto Declaration

x=5
y=2.43
z="hello"
l="m"
etb3(x)
etb3(y)
etb3(z)
etb3(l)

Output:

5
2.43
hello
m

print

x= "hello world to print in many ways"
etb3(x)
out("this is {x}")
print(x)
cout("this way for {x}")
output("{x}")
printf("to print {x}")

Output:

hello world to print in many ways
this is hello world to print in many ways
hello world to print in many ways
this way for hello world to print in many ways
hello world to print in many ways
to print hello world to print in many ways

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3. Input and Output

3.1 Getting User Input

etb3("Enter your name:")
klma name = da5l()
etb3("Hello, {name}!")
etb3("Enter your age:")
age = scan()
etb3("your age is {age}")
etb3("Enter your birthday:")
klma dateofbirth = read()
etb3("you were born on {dateofbirth}.")
etb3("Enter your phone number:")
number = input()
etb3("your phone number is {number}.")
etb3("Enter your favorite color:")
klma color = da5al()
etb3("your color is {color}!")
etb3("Enter your pet type:")
pet = d5l()
etb3("your pet is, {pet}!")

Output:

Enter your name:

Input: lina

Hello, lina!

Enter your age:

Input: 23

your age is 23

Enter your birthday:

Input: 10-2-1999

you were born on 10-2-1999.

Enter your phone number:

Input: 01002325428

your phone number is 1002325428.

Enter your favorite color:

Input: red

your color is red!

Enter your pet type:

Input: cat

your pet is, cat!

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4. Conditional Statements

4.1 If-Else Condition

rakm x = 5
lw x > 3 {
    etb3("x is greater than 3")
}
gher {
    etb3("x is not greater than 3")
}

Output:

x is greater than 3

4.2 If-Else with Multiple Conditions

rakm x = -2
lw x > 10 { etb3("x is greater than 10") }
aw x == 5 { etb3("x is equal to 5") }
aw x <= 0 { etb3("x is less than or equal 0") }
gher { etb3("x is less than 10") }

Output:

x is less than or equal 0

4.3 If in Another Way

rakm x = 5
if (x > 3) { etb3("x is greater than 3") }
else { etb3("x is not greater than 3") }

Output:

x is greater than 3

4.4 If in Another Way

rakm x = 5
lw x > 3 and x < 9 {
    etb3("x is between 3 and 9")
}
gher {
    etb3("x is not in the middle of 3 and 9")
}

Output:

x is between 3 and 9

4.5 If in Another Way

kasr x = 5.45
cond (x > 10) {
    etb3("{x} is bigger than 10")
}
gher {
    etb3("{x} is less than 10")
}

Output:

5.45 is less than 10

4.6 Else in Another Way

rakm x = 2
lw x > 3 {
    etb3("x is greater than 3")
}
otherwise {
    etb3("x is not greater than 3")
}

Output:

x is not greater than 3

4.7 Else in Another Way

kasr x = 5.23
lw x > 3 {
    etb3("x is greater than 3")
}
else {
    etb3("x is not greater than 3")
}

Output:

x is greater than 3

---

5. Loops

5.1 While Loop

rakm i = 0
talama i < 5 {
    etb3(i)
    i++
}

Output:

0
1
2
3
4

5.2 While Loop in Another Way

i = 1.0
tlma i < 5.0 {
    etb3(i)
    i++
}

Output:

1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0

5.3 While Loop in Another Way

i = 30
talma i >= 25 {
    etb3(i)
    i--
}

Output:

29
28
27
26
25

5.4 While Loop in Another Way

i = 4
while (i == 4) {
    etb3(i)
    i++
}

Output:

4

5.5 While Loop in Another Way

i = 0
loop (i < 6) {
    etb3(i)
    i++
}

Output:

0
1
2
3
4
5

5.6 For Loop

karr x=4 l7d 10 {etb3(x)}

Output:

4
5
6
7
8
9

5.7 For Loop in Another Way

karr x l7d 10 {etb3("hello world 10 times")} //x will automatically be initiated by 0

Output:

4
5
6
7
8
9

5.8 For Loop in Another Way

karr l7d 10 {etb3("hello 10 times")} //automatically be initiated by 0

Output:

hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times
hello 10 times

5.9 For Loop in Another Way

n=15
for (int i=5; i <= n; i++) {etb3("hello {i}")}

Output:

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6. Functions

6.1 Defining and Calling Functions

sndo2 add(rakm a, rakm b) {
    rg3 a + b
}

rakm result = add(3, 7)
etb3("Result: {result}")

Output:

Result: 10

6.2 Functions in Antoher Way

fun add(rakm a, rakm b) {
    rg3 a + b
}

rakm result = add(3, 7)
etb3("Result: {result}")

Output:

Result: 10

6.3 Functions and Return in Antoher Way

sando2 add(rakm a, rakm b) {
    rg3 a + b
}

rakm result = add(3, 7)
etb3("Result: {result}")

Output:

Result: 10

6.4 Functions and Return in Antoher Way

fn add(rakm a, rakm b) {
    return a + b
}

rakm result = add(3, 7)
etb3("Result: {result}")

Output:

Result: 10

6.5 Functions and Return in Antoher Way

function add(rakm a, rakm b) {
    rg3 (-1) * a + b
}

rakm result = add(3, 7)
etb3("Result: {result}")

Output:

Result: 4

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7. List Operations

7.1 List Operations

dorg myList = [1, 2, 3]
myList.push(4)
etb3(myList)
myList.pop()
etb3(myList)

Output:

[1, 2, 3, 4]
[1, 2, 3]

7.2 List in Another Way

list myList = [1, 2, 3]
myList.push(4)
etb3(myList)
myList.pop()
etb3(myList)

Output:

[1, 2, 3, 4]
[1, 2, 3]

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8. import Operations

8.1 geeb Operations

sando2 absolute(rakm a){
    lw a < 0 {
        x = a * (-1)
        rg3 x
    }
    gher{ rg3 a}
}

geeb "path to the .lx file "
x= -400
postive = absolute(x)
etb3("{x} after absolute is {postive}")

Output:

-400 after absolute is 400

8.2 geep Operations

sando2 absolute(rakm a){
    lw a < 0 {
        x = a * (-1)
        rg3 x
    }
    gher{ rg3 a}
}

geep "path to the .lx file "
x= -400
postive = absolute(x)
etb3("{x} after absolute is {postive}")

Output:

-400 after absolute is 400

8.3 import Operations

sando2 absolute(rakm a){
    lw a < 0 {
        x = a * (-1)
        rg3 x
    }
    gher{ rg3 a}
}

import "path to the .lx file "
x= -400
postive = absolute(x)
etb3("{x} after absolute is {postive}")

Output:

-400 after absolute is 400

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9. List Operations

9.1 Dorg Operation

# Define a list
dorg arrr = [-1, 2, -3, 4, 99]  

# Access elements by index and perform operations
rakm num = 4
etb3(arrr[num] + arrr[num])  # 99 + 99 = 198

# Finding the length of a list
rakm y = length(arrr)  
lw length(arrr) < 3 {
    etb3("List is too short!")
}
etb3(y)

# Creating and modifying lists
dorg xx = [6, 2, 3, 4]
etb3(xx)  # Print the initial list

# Adding elements
xx.push(23)  # Equivalent to push
xx.push("worddd")
etb3(xx)  # Print list after additions

# Removing elements
xx.pop()  # Removes the last element (pop)
etb3(xx)  

xx.remove(3)  # Removes the value 3 from the list
etb3(xx)

Output:

198
5
[6, 2, 3, 4]
[6, 2, 3, 4, 23, 'worddd']
[6, 2, 3, 4, 23]
[6, 2, 4, 23]

9.2 List Operation

# Creating and modifying lists
dorg xx = [6, 2, 3, 4]
etb3(xx)  # Print the initial list

# Merging lists & performing calculations
dorg qq = [12, 22, 34]
etb3("x0+q1={xx[0] + qq[1]}")  # Print formatted string with calculation
etb3(xx[0] + qq[1])  # Sum of first element of xx and second of qq

# Arithmetic operations with list elements
rakm no = xx[0] * xx[1]
rakm ew = xx[0] * xx[1]
etb3(no - ew)  # Should print 0
etb3("no is {no}")

# Conditional check with list values
lw xx[0] < xx[1] {
    etb3("xo is smaller")
}

Output:

[6, 2, 3, 4]
x0+q1=28
28
0
no is 12

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10. break Operation

10.1 w2f Operation

rakm i = 0
talama i < 10 {
    etb3(i)
    lw i == 4 {
        w2f
    }
    i++
}

Output:

0
1
2
3
4

10.2 break in Another Way

rakm i = 0
talama i < 10 {
    etb3(i)
    lw i == 4 {
        break
    }
    i++
}

Output:

0
1
2
3
4

10.3 stop in Another Way

rakm i = 0
talama i < 10 {
    etb3(i)
    lw i == 4 {
        stop
    }
    i++
}

Output:

0
1
2
3
4

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11. More Advanced Examples

sndo2 multiply(rakm a, rakm b) {
    rg3 a * b
}

rakm x = 5
rakm y = 6
print("{x} x {y} = {multiply(x, y)}")

Output:

5 x 6 = 30

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Conclusion

Congratulations! You have now learned the basics of Flex mixed with Python and C! 🚀 This guide covered:

• Variables and Data Types
• Input and Output
• Conditional Statements
• Loops and Iterations
• Functions and Error Handling
• Advanced Features (Lists, Nested Loops, Mixed Syntax, etc.)

Feel free to experiment with Flex and create your own programs!

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🚀 Start Coding in Flex Now!

To explore more about Flex, join the community and contribute to the development. Happy coding! 🎉