Allow attaching a prognostic atmosphere take 2

[simone-silvestri]

Since the interface changed a bit it is easier to rewrite the PR rather than fix #322, since the changes are minimal. This PR supersedes #322 but has the same goal.

closes #322

[simone-silvestri]

I have added a clock to the PrescribedAtmosphere so we can remove the update_model_field_time_series!(atmosphere) from the update_state!(coupled_model) which means that we do not always have to extend update_model_field_time_series! for different atmospheric models, but only

time_step!(atmosphere, Δt)
interpolate_atmospheric_state!(coupled_model) 
compute_net_atmosphere_fluxes!(coupled_model)
@inline thermodynamics_parameters(atmos) = ...
@inline reference_height(atmos) = ...
@inline boundary_layer_height(atmos) = ...

[glwagner]

makes sense. maybe somehow we can ensure synchronization of clocks somewhere since i guess everybody will have their own

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 0.00%. Comparing base (5a3d6b4) to head (d9e6352).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/OceanSeaIceModels/PrescribedAtmospheres.jl	0.00%	9 Missing ⚠️
...OceanSeaIceModels/time_step_ocean_sea_ice_model.jl	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
src/OceanSeaIceModels/OceanSeaIceModels.jl	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@          Coverage Diff          @@
##            main    #342   +/-   ##
=====================================
  Coverage   0.00%   0.00%           
=====================================
  Files         35      35           
  Lines       2281    2284    +3     
=====================================
- Misses      2281    2284    +3     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.