Document extension bump process (#18872)

Co-authored-by: Marshall Bowers <elliott.codes@gmail.com>

Author: notpeter

extensions/README.md

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+# Zed Extensions
+
+This directory contains extensions for Zed that are largely maintained by the Zed team. They currently live in the Zed repository for ease of maintenance.
+
+If you are looking for the Zed extension registry, see the [`zed-industries/extensions`](https://github.com/zed-industries/extensions) repo.
+
+## Structure
+
+Currently, Zed includes support for a number of languages without requiring installing an extension. Those languages can be found under [`crates/languages/src`](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/tree/main/crates/languages/src).
+
+Support for all other languages is done via extensions. This directory ([extensions/](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/tree/main/extensions/)) contains a number of officially maintained extensions. These extensions use the same [zed_extension_api](https://docs.rs/zed_extension_api/latest/zed_extension_api/) available to all [Zed Extensions](https://zed.dev/extensions) for providing [language servers](https://zed.dev/docs/extensions/languages#language-servers), [tree-sitter grammars](https://zed.dev/docs/extensions/languages#grammar) and [tree-sitter queries](https://zed.dev/docs/extensions/languages#tree-sitter-queries).
+
+## Dev Extensions
+
+See the docs for [Developing an Extension Locally](https://zed.dev/docs/extensions/developing-extensions#developing-an-extension-locally) for how to work with one of these extensions.
+
+## Updating
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> This update process is usually handled by Zed staff.
+> Community contributors should just submit a PR (step 1) and we'll take it from there.
+
+The process for updating an extension in this directory has three parts.
+
+1. Create a PR with your changes. (Merge it)
+2. Bump the extension version in:
+
+   - extensions/{language_name}/extension.toml
+   - extensions/{language_name}/Cargo.toml
+   - Cargo.lock
+
+   You can do this manually, or with a script:
+
+   ```sh
+   # Output the current version for a given language
+   ./script/language-extension-version <langname>
+
+   # Update the version in `extension.toml` and `Cargo.toml` and trigger a `cargo check`
+   ./script/language-extension-version <langname> <new_version>
+   ```
+
+   Commit your changes to a branch, push a PR and merge it.
+
+3. Open a PR to [`zed-industries/extensions`](https://github.com/zed-industries/extensions) repo that updates the extension in question
+
+Edit [`extensions.toml`](https://github.com/zed-industries/extensions/blob/main/extensions.toml) in the extensions repo to reflect the new version you set above and update the submodule latest Zed commit.
+
+```sh
+# Go into your clone of the extensions repo
+cd ../extensions
+
+# Update
+git checkout main
+git pull
+just init-submodule extensions/zed
+
+# Update the Zed submodule
+cd extensions/zed
+git checkout main
+git pull
+cd -
+git add extensions.toml extensions/zed
+```

script/language-extension-version

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -euox pipefail
+
+if [ "$#" -lt 1 ]; then
+  echo "Usage: $0 <language> [version]"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+LANGUAGE=$1
+VERSION=${2:-}
+
+EXTENSION_DIR="extensions/$LANGUAGE"
+EXTENSION_TOML="$EXTENSION_DIR/extension.toml"
+CARGO_TOML="$EXTENSION_DIR/Cargo.toml"
+
+if [ ! -d "$EXTENSION_DIR" ]; then
+  echo "Directory $EXTENSION_DIR does not exist."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$VERSION" ]; then
+  grep -m 1 'version =' "$EXTENSION_TOML" | awk -F\" '{print $2}'
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+sed -i '' -e "s/^version = \".*\"/version = \"$VERSION\"/" "$EXTENSION_TOML"
+sed -i '' -e "s/^version = \".*\"/version = \"$VERSION\"/" "$CARGO_TOML"
+cargo check