[Bug] The final output is broken

Here's what I get from `html2canvas`: 

<img width="846" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1010ac59-0cfb-4aa7-bc4a-8ca2cc2f79e7" />

And here's what I get from `html2canvas-pro`:

<img width="967" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5227dc6c-9386-49ca-ac3f-e1548bd5c5b8" />


The output of `html2canvas-pro` is completely broken. 