Merge pull request #559 from jacobweinstock/static-ipam-doc

Add doc on ISO static ipam:

## Description

<!--- Please describe what this PR is going to change -->
This describes the spec for passing data.

## Why is this needed

<!--- Link to issue you have raised -->

Fixes: #

## How Has This Been Tested?
<!--- Please describe in detail how you tested your changes. -->
<!--- Include details of your testing environment, and the tests you ran to -->
<!--- see how your change affects other areas of the code, etc. -->


## How are existing users impacted? What migration steps/scripts do we need?

<!--- Fixes a bug, unblocks installation, removes a component of the stack etc -->
<!--- Requires a DB migration script, etc. -->


## Checklist:

I have:

- [ ] updated the documentation and/or roadmap (if required)
- [ ] added unit or e2e tests
- [ ] provided instructions on how to upgrade

Author: jacobweinstock

docs/ISO-Static-IPAM.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# Static IP Address Management in the OSIE ISO
+
+OSIE stands for operating system installation environment. In Tinkerbell we currently have just one, [HookOS](https://github.com/tinkerbell/hook).
+Smee has the capability to Patch the HookOS ISO at runtime to include information about the target machine's network configuration. This is enabled by setting the CLI flag `-iso-static-ipam-enabled=true` along with both `-iso-enabled` and `-iso-url`.
+This document defines the specification/data format for passing this info to the HookOS ISO.
+
+## Specification/Data format
+
+This is the spec/ data format for passing the static IP address management information to the HookOS ISO.
+
+```ipam=<mac-address>:<vlan-id>:<ip-address>:<netmask>:<gateway>:<hostname>:<dns>:<search-domains>:<ntp>```
+
+Example:
+
+```ipam=de-ad-be-ef-fe-ed:30:192.168.2.193:255.255.255.0:192.168.2.1:server.example.com:1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8:example.com,team.example.com:132.163.97.1,132.163.96.1```
+
+### Fields
+
+Some fields are required so that basic network communication can function properly.
+
+| Field | Description | Required | Example |
+|-------|-------------|----------|---------|
+| mac-address | MAC address. Must be in dash notation. | Yes |`00-00-00-00-00-00` |
+| vlan-id | VLAN ID. Must be a string integer between 0 and 4096 or an empty string for no VLAN tagging. | No | `30` |
+| ip-address | IPv4 address. | Yes | `10.148.56.3` |
+| netmask | Netmask. | Yes | `255.255.240.0` |
+| gateway | IPv4 Gateway. | No | `10.148.56.1` |
+| hostname | Hostname for the system. Can be fully qualified or not. | No | `hookos` or `hookos.example.com` |
+| dns | Comma separated list of IPv4 DNS nameservers. Must be IPv4 addresses, not hostnames. | Yes | `1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8` |
+| search-domains | Comma separated list of search domains. | No | `example.com,example.org` |
+| ntp | Comma separated list of IPv4 NTP servers. Must be IPv4 addresses, not hostnames. | No | `132.163.97.1,132.163.96.1` |
+
+## Implementation details
+
+Smee will set the kernel commandline parameter `ipam=` with the above format. In HookOS, there is a service that reads this cmdline parameter and writes the file(s) and runs the command(s) necessary to configure HookOS the use of all the values. See HookOS for more details on the service and how it works.