From 2fc7410b6639744c01ed1dd7044393ac4857feef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 12:24:01 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/14] first draft

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 149 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 149 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 R/guide-axis-stack.R

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8b7079d42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+
+
+guide_axis_stack <- function(title = waiver(), first = "axis", ...,
+                             spacing = NULL, order = 0, position = waiver()) {
+
+  check_object(spacing, is.unit, "{.cls unit}", allow_null = TRUE)
+
+  # Validate guides
+  axes <- list2(first, ...)
+  axes <- lapply(axes, validate_guide)
+
+  # Check available aesthetics
+  available <- lapply(axes, `[[`, name = "available_aes")
+  available <- vapply(available, function(x) all(c("x", "y") %in% x), logical(1))
+  if (all(!available)) {
+    cli::cli_abort(paste0(
+      "{.fn guide_axis_stack} can only use guides that handle {.field x} and ",
+      "{.field y} aesthetics."
+    ))
+  }
+
+  # Remove guides that don't support x/y aesthetics
+  if (any(!available)) {
+    remove  <- which(!available)
+    removed <- vapply(axes[remove], snake_class, character(1))
+    axes[remove] <- NULL
+    cli::cli_warn(c(paste0(
+      "{.fn guide_axis_stack} cannot use the following guide{?s}: ",
+      "{.and {.fn {removed}}}."
+    ), i = "Guides need to handle {.field x} and {.field y} aesthetics."))
+  }
+
+  params <- lapply(axes, `[[`, name = "params")
+
+  new_guide(
+    title = title,
+    guides = axes,
+    guide_params = params,
+    available_aes = c("x", "y"),
+    order = order,
+    position = position,
+    name = "stacked_axis",
+    super = GuideAxisStack
+  )
+}
+
+GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
+  "GuideAxisStack", GuideAxis,
+
+  params = list(
+    title     = waiver(),
+    name      = "stacked_axis",
+    guides    = list(),
+    guide_params = list(),
+    hash      = character(),
+    position  = waiver(),
+    direction = NULL,
+    order     = 0
+  ),
+
+  available_aes = c("x", "y"),
+
+  hashables = exprs(title, lapply(guides, snake_class), name),
+
+  train = function(self, params = self$params, scale, aesthetic = NULL, ...) {
+    position <- arg_match0(params$position, .trbl, arg_nm = "position")
+    for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
+      params$guide_params[[i]]$position <- position
+      params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$train(
+        params = params$guide_params[[i]],
+        scale = scale, aesthetic = aesthetic,
+        ...
+      )
+    }
+    params
+  },
+
+  transform = function(self, params, coord, panel_params) {
+    for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
+      params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$transform(
+        params = params$guide_params[[i]],
+        coord = coord, panel_params = panel_params
+      )
+    }
+    params
+  },
+
+  get_layer_key = function(params, layers) {
+    for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
+      params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$get_layer_key(
+        params = params$guide_params[[i]],
+        layers = layers
+      )
+    }
+    params
+  },
+
+  draw = function(self, theme, params = self$params) {
+    grobs <- list()
+    for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
+      grobs[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$draw(theme, params$guide_params[[i]])
+    }
+
+    # Remove empty grobs
+    grobs <- grobs[!vapply(grobs, is.zero, logical(1))]
+    if (length(grobs) == 0) {
+      return(zeroGrob())
+    }
+    along <- seq_along(grobs)
+
+    # Get sizes
+    widths  <- inject(unit.c(!!!lapply(grobs, grobWidth)))
+    heights <- inject(unit.c(!!!lapply(grobs, grobHeight)))
+
+    # Set spacing
+    position <- params$position
+    if (is.null(params$spacing)) {
+      aes <- if (position %in% c("top", "bottom")) "x" else "y"
+      spacing <- paste("axis.ticks.length", aes, position, sep = ".")
+      spacing <- calc_element(spacing, theme)
+    } else {
+      spacing <- params$spacing
+    }
+
+    # Reorder grobs/sizes if necessary
+    if (position %in% c("top", "left")) {
+      along   <- rev(along)
+      widths  <- rev(widths)
+      heights <- rev(heights)
+    }
+
+    if (position %in% c("bottom", "top")) {
+      gt <- gtable(widths = unit(1, "npc"), heights = heights)
+      gt <- gtable_add_grob(gt, grobs, t = along, l = 1, name = "axis", clip = "off")
+      gt <- gtable_add_row_space(gt, height = spacing)
+    } else {
+      gt <- gtable(widths = widths, heights = unit(1, "npc"))
+      gt <- gtable_add_grob(gt, grobs, t = 1, l = along, name = "axis", clip = "off")
+      gt <- gtable_add_col_space(gt, width = spacing)
+    }
+
+    absoluteGrob(
+      grob   = gList(gt),
+      width  = gtable_width(gt),
+      height = gtable_height(gt)
+    )
+  }
+)
+

From e74763b217673a545c7e8c7908899e7e52c6e9d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 12:54:52 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 02/14] Sprinkle some comments

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 13 +++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index c8b7079d42..27d2988b59 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -48,10 +48,13 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
   "GuideAxisStack", GuideAxis,
 
   params = list(
-    title     = waiver(),
-    name      = "stacked_axis",
+    # List of guides to track the guide objects
     guides    = list(),
+    # List of parameters to each guide
     guide_params = list(),
+    # Standard guide stuff
+    name      = "stacked_axis",
+    title     = waiver(),
     hash      = character(),
     position  = waiver(),
     direction = NULL,
@@ -60,8 +63,10 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
 
   available_aes = c("x", "y"),
 
+  # Doesn't depend on keys, but on member axis' class
   hashables = exprs(title, lapply(guides, snake_class), name),
 
+  # Sets position, loops through guides to train
   train = function(self, params = self$params, scale, aesthetic = NULL, ...) {
     position <- arg_match0(params$position, .trbl, arg_nm = "position")
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
@@ -75,6 +80,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     params
   },
 
+  # Just loops through guides
   transform = function(self, params, coord, panel_params) {
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$transform(
@@ -85,6 +91,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     params
   },
 
+  # Just loops through guides
   get_layer_key = function(params, layers) {
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$get_layer_key(
@@ -96,6 +103,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
   },
 
   draw = function(self, theme, params = self$params) {
+    # Loop through every guide's draw method
     grobs <- list()
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       grobs[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$draw(theme, params$guide_params[[i]])
@@ -129,6 +137,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
       heights <- rev(heights)
     }
 
+    # Place guides in a gtable, apply spacing
     if (position %in% c("bottom", "top")) {
       gt <- gtable(widths = unit(1, "npc"), heights = heights)
       gt <- gtable_add_grob(gt, grobs, t = along, l = 1, name = "axis", clip = "off")

From 590f251313c94a3ea2647f7ea4ce8e8e69cc9bfe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 12:55:17 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/14] roxygenate

---
 DESCRIPTION             |  1 +
 NAMESPACE               |  2 ++
 R/guide-axis-stack.R    | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 man/ggplot2-ggproto.Rd  | 44 ++++++++++++++++---------------
 man/guide_axis_stack.Rd | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 120 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 man/guide_axis_stack.Rd

diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index c8aa7ce475..a1bf2f0103 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ Collate:
     'grouping.R'
     'guide-.R'
     'guide-axis.R'
+    'guide-axis-stack.R'
     'guide-legend.R'
     'guide-bins.R'
     'guide-colorbar.R'
diff --git a/NAMESPACE b/NAMESPACE
index 717abb2e18..d584b8325c 100644
--- a/NAMESPACE
+++ b/NAMESPACE
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ export(GeomViolin)
 export(GeomVline)
 export(Guide)
 export(GuideAxis)
+export(GuideAxisStack)
 export(GuideBins)
 export(GuideColourbar)
 export(GuideColoursteps)
@@ -418,6 +419,7 @@ export(ggproto_parent)
 export(ggsave)
 export(ggtitle)
 export(guide_axis)
+export(guide_axis_stack)
 export(guide_bins)
 export(guide_colorbar)
 export(guide_colorsteps)
diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index 27d2988b59..1148c59515 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -1,6 +1,35 @@
-
-
-guide_axis_stack <- function(title = waiver(), first = "axis", ...,
+#' @include guide-axis.R
+NULL
+
+#' Stacked axis guides
+#'
+#' This guide can stack other position guides that represent position scales,
+#' like those created with [scale_(x|y)_continuous()][scale_x_continuous()] and
+#' [scale_(x|y)_discrete()][scale_x_discrete()].
+#'
+#' @inheritParams guide_axis
+#' @param first A position guide given as one of the following:
+#' * A string, for example `"axis"`.
+#' * A call to a guide function, for example `guide_axis()`.
+#' @param ... Additional guides to stack given in the same manner as `first`.
+#' @param spacing A [unit()] objects that determines how far separate guides are
+#'   spaced apart.
+#'
+#' @details
+#' The `first` guide will be placed closest to the panel and any subsequent
+#' guides provided through `...` will follow in the given order.
+#'
+#' @export
+#'
+#' @examples
+#' #' # A standard plot
+#' p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) +
+#'   geom_point() +
+#'   theme(axis.line = element_line())
+#'
+#' # A normal axis first, then a capped axis
+#' p + guides(x = guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both")))
+guide_axis_stack <- function(first = "axis", ..., title = waiver(),
                              spacing = NULL, order = 0, position = waiver()) {
 
   check_object(spacing, is.unit, "{.cls unit}", allow_null = TRUE)
@@ -44,6 +73,10 @@ guide_axis_stack <- function(title = waiver(), first = "axis", ...,
   )
 }
 
+#' @rdname ggplot2-ggproto
+#' @format NULL
+#' @usage NULL
+#' @export
 GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
   "GuideAxisStack", GuideAxis,
 
diff --git a/man/ggplot2-ggproto.Rd b/man/ggplot2-ggproto.Rd
index 37a042dd68..d1c233e008 100644
--- a/man/ggplot2-ggproto.Rd
+++ b/man/ggplot2-ggproto.Rd
@@ -4,27 +4,28 @@
 %   R/geom-raster.R, R/annotation-raster.R, R/axis-secondary.R, R/coord-.R,
 %   R/coord-cartesian-.R, R/coord-fixed.R, R/coord-flip.R, R/coord-map.R,
 %   R/coord-polar.R, R/coord-quickmap.R, R/coord-transform.R, R/facet-.R,
-%   R/facet-grid-.R, R/facet-null.R, R/facet-wrap.R, R/stat-.R, R/geom-abline.R,
-%   R/geom-rect.R, R/geom-bar.R, R/geom-blank.R, R/geom-boxplot.R, R/geom-col.R,
-%   R/geom-path.R, R/geom-contour.R, R/geom-crossbar.R, R/geom-segment.R,
-%   R/geom-curve.R, R/geom-ribbon.R, R/geom-density.R, R/geom-density2d.R,
-%   R/geom-dotplot.R, R/geom-errorbar.R, R/geom-errorbarh.R, R/geom-function.R,
-%   R/geom-hex.R, R/geom-hline.R, R/geom-label.R, R/geom-linerange.R,
-%   R/geom-point.R, R/geom-pointrange.R, R/geom-quantile.R, R/geom-rug.R,
-%   R/geom-smooth.R, R/geom-spoke.R, R/geom-text.R, R/geom-tile.R,
-%   R/geom-violin.R, R/geom-vline.R, R/guide-.R, R/guide-axis.R,
-%   R/guide-legend.R, R/guide-bins.R, R/guide-colorbar.R, R/guide-colorsteps.R,
-%   R/guide-none.R, R/guide-old.R, R/layout.R, R/position-.R,
-%   R/position-dodge.R, R/position-dodge2.R, R/position-identity.R,
-%   R/position-jitter.R, R/position-jitterdodge.R, R/position-nudge.R,
-%   R/position-stack.R, R/scale-.R, R/scale-binned.R, R/scale-continuous.R,
-%   R/scale-date.R, R/scale-discrete-.R, R/scale-identity.R, R/stat-align.R,
-%   R/stat-bin.R, R/stat-bin2d.R, R/stat-bindot.R, R/stat-binhex.R,
-%   R/stat-boxplot.R, R/stat-contour.R, R/stat-count.R, R/stat-density-2d.R,
-%   R/stat-density.R, R/stat-ecdf.R, R/stat-ellipse.R, R/stat-function.R,
-%   R/stat-identity.R, R/stat-qq-line.R, R/stat-qq.R, R/stat-quantilemethods.R,
-%   R/stat-smooth.R, R/stat-sum.R, R/stat-summary-2d.R, R/stat-summary-bin.R,
-%   R/stat-summary-hex.R, R/stat-summary.R, R/stat-unique.R, R/stat-ydensity.R
+%   R/facet-grid-.R, R/facet-null.R, R/facet-wrap.R, R/stat-.R,
+%   R/geom-abline.R, R/geom-rect.R, R/geom-bar.R, R/geom-blank.R,
+%   R/geom-boxplot.R, R/geom-col.R, R/geom-path.R, R/geom-contour.R,
+%   R/geom-crossbar.R, R/geom-segment.R, R/geom-curve.R, R/geom-ribbon.R,
+%   R/geom-density.R, R/geom-density2d.R, R/geom-dotplot.R, R/geom-errorbar.R,
+%   R/geom-errorbarh.R, R/geom-function.R, R/geom-hex.R, R/geom-hline.R,
+%   R/geom-label.R, R/geom-linerange.R, R/geom-point.R, R/geom-pointrange.R,
+%   R/geom-quantile.R, R/geom-rug.R, R/geom-smooth.R, R/geom-spoke.R,
+%   R/geom-text.R, R/geom-tile.R, R/geom-violin.R, R/geom-vline.R, R/guide-.R,
+%   R/guide-axis.R, R/guide-axis-stack.R, R/guide-legend.R, R/guide-bins.R,
+%   R/guide-colorbar.R, R/guide-colorsteps.R, R/guide-none.R, R/guide-old.R,
+%   R/layout.R, R/position-.R, R/position-dodge.R, R/position-dodge2.R,
+%   R/position-identity.R, R/position-jitter.R, R/position-jitterdodge.R,
+%   R/position-nudge.R, R/position-stack.R, R/scale-.R, R/scale-binned.R,
+%   R/scale-continuous.R, R/scale-date.R, R/scale-discrete-.R,
+%   R/scale-identity.R, R/stat-align.R, R/stat-bin.R, R/stat-bin2d.R,
+%   R/stat-bindot.R, R/stat-binhex.R, R/stat-boxplot.R, R/stat-contour.R,
+%   R/stat-count.R, R/stat-density-2d.R, R/stat-density.R, R/stat-ecdf.R,
+%   R/stat-ellipse.R, R/stat-function.R, R/stat-identity.R, R/stat-qq-line.R,
+%   R/stat-qq.R, R/stat-quantilemethods.R, R/stat-smooth.R, R/stat-sum.R,
+%   R/stat-summary-2d.R, R/stat-summary-bin.R, R/stat-summary-hex.R,
+%   R/stat-summary.R, R/stat-unique.R, R/stat-ydensity.R
 \docType{data}
 \name{ggplot2-ggproto}
 \alias{ggplot2-ggproto}
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@
 \alias{GeomVline}
 \alias{Guide}
 \alias{GuideAxis}
+\alias{GuideAxisStack}
 \alias{GuideLegend}
 \alias{GuideBins}
 \alias{GuideColourbar}
diff --git a/man/guide_axis_stack.Rd b/man/guide_axis_stack.Rd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63ae75b003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/guide_axis_stack.Rd
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
+% Please edit documentation in R/guide-axis-stack.R
+\name{guide_axis_stack}
+\alias{guide_axis_stack}
+\title{Stacked axis guides}
+\usage{
+guide_axis_stack(
+  first = "axis",
+  ...,
+  title = waiver(),
+  spacing = NULL,
+  order = 0,
+  position = waiver()
+)
+}
+\arguments{
+\item{first}{A position guide given as one of the following:
+\itemize{
+\item A string, for example \code{"axis"}.
+\item A call to a guide function, for example \code{guide_axis()}.
+}}
+
+\item{...}{Additional guides to stack given in the same manner as \code{first}.}
+
+\item{title}{A character string or expression indicating a title of guide.
+If \code{NULL}, the title is not shown. By default
+(\code{\link[=waiver]{waiver()}}), the name of the scale object or the name
+specified in \code{\link[=labs]{labs()}} is used for the title.}
+
+\item{spacing}{A \code{\link[=unit]{unit()}} objects that determines how far separate guides are
+spaced apart.}
+
+\item{order}{A positive \code{integer} of length 1 that specifies the order of
+this guide among multiple guides. This controls in which order guides are
+merged if there are multiple guides for the same position. If 0 (default),
+the order is determined by a secret algorithm.}
+
+\item{position}{Where this guide should be drawn: one of top, bottom,
+left, or right.}
+}
+\description{
+This guide can stack other position guides that represent position scales,
+like those created with \link[=scale_x_continuous]{scale_(x|y)_continuous()} and
+\link[=scale_x_discrete]{scale_(x|y)_discrete()}.
+}
+\details{
+The \code{first} guide will be placed closest to the panel and any subsequent
+guides provided through \code{...} will follow in the given order.
+}
+\examples{
+#' # A standard plot
+p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(displ, hwy)) +
+  geom_point() +
+  theme(axis.line = element_line())
+
+# A normal axis first, then a capped axis
+p + guides(x = guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both")))
+}

From d23f78a225064dab12899a054d5fac33ee54042e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 13:41:52 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/14] Add test

---
 tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-axes.svg | 148 ++++++++++++++++++
 tests/testthat/test-guides.R                  |  14 ++
 2 files changed, 162 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-axes.svg

diff --git a/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-axes.svg b/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-axes.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6d66656927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-axes.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
+<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' class='svglite' data-engine-version='2.0' width='720.00pt' height='576.00pt' viewBox='0 0 720.00 576.00'>
+<defs>
+  <style type='text/css'><![CDATA[
+    .svglite line, .svglite polyline, .svglite polygon, .svglite path, .svglite rect, .svglite circle {
+      fill: none;
+      stroke: #000000;
+      stroke-linecap: round;
+      stroke-linejoin: round;
+      stroke-miterlimit: 10.00;
+    }
+  ]]></style>
+</defs>
+<rect width='100%' height='100%' style='stroke: none; fill: #FFFFFF;'/>
+<defs>
+  <clipPath id='cpMC4wMHw3MjAuMDB8MC4wMHw1NzYuMDA='>
+    <rect x='0.00' y='0.00' width='720.00' height='576.00' />
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<g clip-path='url(#cpMC4wMHw3MjAuMDB8MC4wMHw1NzYuMDA=)'>
+<rect x='0.00' y='0.00' width='720.00' height='576.00' style='stroke-width: 1.07; stroke: #FFFFFF; fill: #FFFFFF;' />
+</g>
+<defs>
+  <clipPath id='cpNjAuMDR8NjU5Ljk2fDYzLjc1fDUyOS41Ng=='>
+    <rect x='60.04' y='63.75' width='599.91' height='465.81' />
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<g clip-path='url(#cpNjAuMDR8NjU5Ljk2fDYzLjc1fDUyOS41Ng==)'>
+<rect x='60.04' y='63.75' width='599.91' height='465.81' style='stroke-width: 1.07; stroke: none; fill: #EBEBEB;' />
+<polyline points='60.04,425.04 659.96,425.04 ' style='stroke-width: 0.53; stroke: #FFFFFF; stroke-linecap: butt;' />
+<polyline points='60.04,319.42 659.96,319.42 ' style='stroke-width: 0.53; stroke: #FFFFFF; stroke-linecap: butt;' />
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+<text x='565.24' y='556.10' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 8.80px; fill: #4D4D4D; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.68px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>300</text>
+<text x='360.00' y='32.64' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='15.29px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>top</text>
+<text x='360.00' y='568.24' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='33.63px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>bottom</text>
+<text transform='translate(13.05,296.65) rotate(-90)' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.67px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>left</text>
+<text transform='translate(704.67,296.65) rotate(90)' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='21.40px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>right</text>
+<text x='60.04' y='14.56' style='font-size: 13.20px; font-family: sans;' textLength='77.07px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>stacked axes</text>
+</g>
+</svg>
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-guides.R b/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
index 65ff1a6b4d..155ed43fe1 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
@@ -524,6 +524,20 @@ test_that("axis guides can be capped", {
   expect_doppelganger("axis guides with capped ends", p)
 })
 
+test_that("guide_axis_stack stacks axes", {
+
+  left   <- guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both"), title = "left")
+  right  <- guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both"), title = "right")
+  bottom <- guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both"), title = "bottom")
+  top    <- guide_axis_stack("axis", guide_axis(cap = "both"), title = "top")
+
+  p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(hp, disp)) +
+    geom_point() +
+    theme(axis.line = element_line()) +
+    guides(x = bottom, x.sec = top, y = left, y.sec = right)
+  expect_doppelganger("stacked axes", p)
+})
+
 test_that("guides are positioned correctly", {
   df <- data_frame(x = 1, y = 1, z = factor("a"))
 

From 26c6c4cb6ab66a16ecae819928eaba5de71deed2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2023 12:19:09 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 05/14] Add pkgdown item

---
 _pkgdown.yml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/_pkgdown.yml b/_pkgdown.yml
index 7dbedc3062..3b673b89d7 100644
--- a/_pkgdown.yml
+++ b/_pkgdown.yml
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ reference:
   - guide_colourbar
   - guide_legend
   - guide_axis
+  - guide_axis_stack
   - guide_bins
   - guide_coloursteps
   - guide_none

From 5cbb5aeb33f78ac1e6f877e8dc85d6707acf66d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2023 12:58:21 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 06/14] pass along position/direction

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 8 ++++++--
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index 1148c59515..aac66999aa 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -135,11 +135,15 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     params
   },
 
-  draw = function(self, theme, params = self$params) {
+  draw = function(self, theme, position = NULL, direction = NULL,
+                  params = self$params) {
     # Loop through every guide's draw method
     grobs <- list()
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
-      grobs[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$draw(theme, params$guide_params[[i]])
+      grobs[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$draw(
+        theme, position = position, direction = direction,
+        params = params$guide_params[[i]]
+      )
     }
 
     # Remove empty grobs

From ff27cc6c461e2cbb4fc91398626c79b033d855f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:28:32 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 07/14] measure size of theta axes

---
 R/guide-axis-theta.R | 65 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 63 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-theta.R b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
index 22a2db06a1..16c006beed 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-theta.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
@@ -215,7 +215,63 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
     # we don't need to measure grob sizes nor arrange the layout.
     # There is a fallback in `$assemble_drawing()` that takes care of this
     # for non-polar coordinates.
-    NULL
+    if (is.null(params$stack_offset)) {
+      return(NULL)
+    }
+
+    # However, when this guide is part of a stacked axis guide, we need to
+    # know the width of the 'ring' that this guide occupies to correctly
+    # position the next guide
+
+    offset <- convertUnit(elements$offset, "cm", valueOnly = TRUE)
+
+    key <- params$key
+    key <- vec_slice(key, !is.na(key$.label) & nzchar(key$.label))
+    labels <- key$.label
+    if (length(labels) == 0 || inherits(elements$text, "element_blank")) {
+      return(list(offset = offset))
+    }
+
+    # Resolve text angle
+    if (is.waive(params$angle %||% waiver())) {
+      angle <- elements$text$angle
+    } else {
+      angle <- flip_text_angle(params$angle - rad2deg(key$theta))
+    }
+    angle <- key$theta + deg2rad(angle)
+
+    # Set margin
+    margin <- rep(max(elements$text$margin), length.out = 4)
+
+    # Measure size of each individual label
+    single_labels <- lapply(labels, function(lab) {
+      element_grob(
+        elements$text, label = lab,
+        margin = margin, margin_x = TRUE, margin_y = TRUE
+      )
+    })
+    widths  <- width_cm(single_labels)
+    heights <- height_cm(single_labels)
+
+    # Set text justification
+    hjust <- 0.5 - sin(angle) / 2
+    vjust <- 0.5 - cos(angle) / 2
+
+    # Calculate text bounding box
+    xmin <- widths * -hjust
+    xmax <- widths * (1 - hjust)
+
+    ymin <- heights * -vjust
+    ymax <- heights * (1 - vjust)
+
+    # Convert to corner coordinates
+    x <- vec_interleave(xmin, xmin, xmax, xmax)
+    y <- vec_interleave(ymin, ymax, ymax, ymin)
+
+    # Rotate y coordinate to get maximum height
+    rotate <- rep(angle, each = 4)
+    height <- x * sin(rotate) + y * cos(rotate)
+    list(offset = max(height))
   },
 
   arrange_layout = function(key, sizes, params) {
@@ -223,8 +279,13 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
   },
 
   assemble_drawing = function(grobs, layout, sizes, params, elements) {
+
     if (params$position %in% c("theta", "theta.sec")) {
-      return(inject(grobTree(!!!grobs)))
+      # We append an 'offset' slot in case this guide is part
+      # of a stacked guide
+      grobs <- inject(gList(!!!grobs))
+      offset <- unit(sizes$offset %||% 0, "cm")
+      return(gTree(offset = offset, children = grobs))
     }
 
     # As a fallback, we adjust the viewport to act like regular axes.

From 33e29c1dd6ced7358c348ea6991a1fa661764c1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:30:10 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 08/14] stacked axis is valid theta axis

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index aac66999aa..8f9b877808 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ guide_axis_stack <- function(first = "axis", ..., title = waiver(),
     title = title,
     guides = axes,
     guide_params = params,
-    available_aes = c("x", "y"),
+    available_aes = c("x", "y", "theta", "r"),
     order = order,
     position = position,
     name = "stacked_axis",
@@ -94,14 +94,14 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     order     = 0
   ),
 
-  available_aes = c("x", "y"),
+  available_aes = c("x", "y", "theta", "r"),
 
   # Doesn't depend on keys, but on member axis' class
   hashables = exprs(title, lapply(guides, snake_class), name),
 
   # Sets position, loops through guides to train
   train = function(self, params = self$params, scale, aesthetic = NULL, ...) {
-    position <- arg_match0(params$position, .trbl, arg_nm = "position")
+    position <- arg_match0(params$position, c(.trbl, "theta"), arg_nm = "position")
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       params$guide_params[[i]]$position <- position
       params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$train(

From 48fcc6c2f39f941235bb9583cbf7b570216b7451 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:31:54 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 09/14] stack theta axes

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index 8f9b877808..a104f38269 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -137,6 +137,36 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
 
   draw = function(self, theme, position = NULL, direction = NULL,
                   params = self$params) {
+
+    position  <- params$position  %||% position
+    direction <- params$direction %||% direction
+
+    if (params$position == "theta") {
+      # If we are a theta guide, we need to keep track how much space in the
+      # radial direction a guide occupies, and add that as an offset to the
+      # next guide.
+      offset  <- unit(0, "cm")
+      spacing <- params$spacing %||% unit(2.25, "pt")
+      grobs   <- list()
+      for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
+        # Add offset to params
+        pars <- params$guide_params[[i]]
+        pars$stack_offset <- offset
+        # Draw guide
+        grobs[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$draw(
+          theme, position = position, direction = direction,
+          params = pars
+        )
+        # Increment offset
+        if (!is.null(grobs[[i]]$offset)) {
+          offset <- offset + spacing + grobs[[i]]$offset
+          offset <- convertUnit(offset, "cm")
+        }
+      }
+      grob <- inject(grobTree(!!!grobs))
+      return(grob)
+    }
+
     # Loop through every guide's draw method
     grobs <- list()
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
@@ -158,7 +188,6 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     heights <- inject(unit.c(!!!lapply(grobs, grobHeight)))
 
     # Set spacing
-    position <- params$position
     if (is.null(params$spacing)) {
       aes <- if (position %in% c("top", "bottom")) "x" else "y"
       spacing <- paste("axis.ticks.length", aes, position, sep = ".")

From 2d913b332a15c987ddb7296bbd7dae12a311e086 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:33:15 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 10/14] incorporate offset into theta guide

---
 R/guide-axis-theta.R | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-theta.R b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
index 16c006beed..ce0c527deb 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-theta.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
@@ -158,6 +158,21 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
     elements
   },
 
+  build_decor = function(decor, grobs, elements, params) {
+    if (is.null(params$stack_offset) || !("theta" %in% names(decor))) {
+      # Just use regular method if we do not need to offset the guide
+      decor <- GuideAxis$build_decor(decor, grobs, elements, params)
+      return(decor)
+    }
+    if (empty(decor)) {
+      return(zeroGrob())
+    }
+    # Add the stacking offset to positions
+    x <- unit(decor$x, "npc") + sin(decor$theta) * params$stack_offset
+    y <- unit(decor$y, "npc") + cos(decor$theta) * params$stack_offset
+    element_grob(elements$line, x = x, y = y)
+  },
+
   build_labels = function(key, elements, params) {
 
     key <- vec_slice(key, !vec_detect_missing(key$.label %||% NA))
@@ -179,9 +194,15 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
     # Position angle in radians
     theta <- key$theta
 
+    # Add the stacking offset if necessary
+    offset <- elements$offset
+    if (!is.null(params$stack_offset)) {
+      offset <- offset + params$stack_offset
+    }
+
     # Offset distance to displace text away from outer circle line
-    xoffset <- elements$offset * sin(theta)
-    yoffset <- elements$offset * cos(theta)
+    xoffset <- offset * sin(theta)
+    yoffset <- offset * cos(theta)
 
     # Note that element_grob expects 1 angle for *all* labels, so we're
     # rendering one grob per label to propagate angle properly
@@ -197,14 +218,14 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
   },
 
   build_ticks = function(key, elements, params, position = params$position) {
-
+    offset <- params$stack_offset
     major <- theta_tickmarks(
       vec_slice(key, (key$.type %||% "major") == "major"),
-      elements$ticks, elements$major_length
+      elements$ticks, elements$major_length, offset = offset
     )
     minor <- theta_tickmarks(
       vec_slice(key, (key$.type %||% "major") == "minor"),
-      elements$minor, elements$minor_length
+      elements$minor, elements$minor_length, offset = offset
     )
 
     grobTree(major, minor, name = "ticks")
@@ -320,7 +341,7 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
   }
 )
 
-theta_tickmarks <- function(key, element, length) {
+theta_tickmarks <- function(key, element, length, offset = NULL) {
   n_breaks <- nrow(key)
   if (n_breaks < 1 || inherits(element, "element_blank")) {
     return(zeroGrob())
@@ -331,6 +352,9 @@ theta_tickmarks <- function(key, element, length) {
   x      <- rep(key$x,     each = 2)
   y      <- rep(key$y,     each = 2)
   length <- rep(c(0, 1),  times = n_breaks) * length
+  if (!is.null(offset)) {
+    length <- length + offset
+  }
 
   minor <- element_grob(
     element,

From a150b6a95e2fdfb1784e54cd86963a3a5f27494c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:34:54 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 11/14] fix angle/justification for radial axes

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 17 ++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index a104f38269..37367db79a 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     # Standard guide stuff
     name      = "stacked_axis",
     title     = waiver(),
+    angle     = waiver(),
     hash      = character(),
     position  = waiver(),
     direction = NULL,
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     position <- arg_match0(params$position, c(.trbl, "theta"), arg_nm = "position")
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       params$guide_params[[i]]$position <- position
+      params$guide_params[[i]]$angle <- params$guide_params[[i]]$angle %|W|% params$angle
       params$guide_params[[i]] <- params$guides[[i]]$train(
         params = params$guide_params[[i]],
         scale = scale, aesthetic = aesthetic,
@@ -208,16 +210,29 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
       gt <- gtable(widths = unit(1, "npc"), heights = heights)
       gt <- gtable_add_grob(gt, grobs, t = along, l = 1, name = "axis", clip = "off")
       gt <- gtable_add_row_space(gt, height = spacing)
+      vp <- exec(
+        viewport,
+        y    = unit(as.numeric(position == "bottom"), "npc"),
+        height = grobHeight(gt),
+        just = opposite_position(position)
+      )
     } else {
       gt <- gtable(widths = widths, heights = unit(1, "npc"))
       gt <- gtable_add_grob(gt, grobs, t = 1, l = along, name = "axis", clip = "off")
       gt <- gtable_add_col_space(gt, width = spacing)
+      vp <- exec(
+        viewport,
+        x     = unit(as.numeric(position == "left"), "npc"),
+        width = grobWidth(gt),
+        just  = opposite_position(position)
+      )
     }
 
     absoluteGrob(
       grob   = gList(gt),
       width  = gtable_width(gt),
-      height = gtable_height(gt)
+      height = gtable_height(gt),
+      vp = vp
     )
   }
 )

From a7db4cabee18a4807b52716e5f9c8c4d70418b6d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 19:50:32 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 12/14] enable theta.sec

---
 R/guide-axis-stack.R | 7 +++++--
 R/guide-axis-theta.R | 3 +++
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/R/guide-axis-stack.R b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
index 37367db79a..2fdd73b34e 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-stack.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-stack.R
@@ -102,7 +102,10 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
 
   # Sets position, loops through guides to train
   train = function(self, params = self$params, scale, aesthetic = NULL, ...) {
-    position <- arg_match0(params$position, c(.trbl, "theta"), arg_nm = "position")
+    position <- arg_match0(
+      params$position, c(.trbl, "theta", "theta.sec"),
+      arg_nm = "position"
+    )
     for (i in seq_along(params$guides)) {
       params$guide_params[[i]]$position <- position
       params$guide_params[[i]]$angle <- params$guide_params[[i]]$angle %|W|% params$angle
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ GuideAxisStack <- ggproto(
     position  <- params$position  %||% position
     direction <- params$direction %||% direction
 
-    if (params$position == "theta") {
+    if (position %in% c("theta", "theta.sec")) {
       # If we are a theta guide, we need to keep track how much space in the
       # radial direction a guide occupies, and add that as an offset to the
       # next guide.
diff --git a/R/guide-axis-theta.R b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
index ce0c527deb..5cafb09b69 100644
--- a/R/guide-axis-theta.R
+++ b/R/guide-axis-theta.R
@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ GuideAxisTheta <- ggproto(
     if (empty(decor)) {
       return(zeroGrob())
     }
+    if (params$position == "theta.sec") {
+      decor$theta <- decor$theta + pi
+    }
     # Add the stacking offset to positions
     x <- unit(decor$x, "npc") + sin(decor$theta) * params$stack_offset
     y <- unit(decor$y, "npc") + cos(decor$theta) * params$stack_offset

From 247ff9144af0a201fd3a3e49264aa4a6f0404ef3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <49372158+teunbrand@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Nov 2023 20:06:51 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 13/14] add radial test

---
 .../_snaps/guides/stacked-radial-axes.svg     | 143 ++++++++++++++++++
 tests/testthat/test-guides.R                  |  11 ++
 2 files changed, 154 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-radial-axes.svg

diff --git a/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-radial-axes.svg b/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-radial-axes.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..240e16d958
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testthat/_snaps/guides/stacked-radial-axes.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
+<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' class='svglite' data-engine-version='2.0' width='720.00pt' height='576.00pt' viewBox='0 0 720.00 576.00'>
+<defs>
+  <style type='text/css'><![CDATA[
+    .svglite line, .svglite polyline, .svglite polygon, .svglite path, .svglite rect, .svglite circle {
+      fill: none;
+      stroke: #000000;
+      stroke-linecap: round;
+      stroke-linejoin: round;
+      stroke-miterlimit: 10.00;
+    }
+  ]]></style>
+</defs>
+<rect width='100%' height='100%' style='stroke: none; fill: #FFFFFF;'/>
+<defs>
+  <clipPath id='cpMC4wMHw3MjAuMDB8MC4wMHw1NzYuMDA='>
+    <rect x='0.00' y='0.00' width='720.00' height='576.00' />
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<g clip-path='url(#cpMC4wMHw3MjAuMDB8MC4wMHw1NzYuMDA=)'>
+</g>
+<defs>
+  <clipPath id='cpMjguNDV8NjkxLjU1fDAuMDB8NTc2LjAw'>
+    <rect x='28.45' y='0.00' width='663.11' height='576.00' />
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<g clip-path='url(#cpMjguNDV8NjkxLjU1fDAuMDB8NTc2LjAw)'>
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+<text x='261.58' y='105.64' style='font-size: 8.80px; fill: #4D4D4D; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.68px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>200</text>
+<text x='241.48' y='85.53' style='font-size: 8.80px; fill: #4D4D4D; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.68px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>300</text>
+<text x='221.37' y='65.43' style='font-size: 8.80px; fill: #4D4D4D; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.68px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>400</text>
+<text x='360.00' y='568.24' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='12.24px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>hp</text>
+<text transform='translate(41.50,290.36) rotate(-90)' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='14.67px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>left</text>
+<text transform='translate(676.22,290.36) rotate(90)' text-anchor='middle' style='font-size: 11.00px; font-family: sans;' textLength='21.40px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>right</text>
+<text x='46.52' y='14.56' style='font-size: 13.20px; font-family: sans;' textLength='113.02px' lengthAdjust='spacingAndGlyphs'>stacked radial axes</text>
+</g>
+</svg>
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-guides.R b/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
index 6f2f7adcd8..9c1e621a56 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-guides.R
@@ -622,6 +622,17 @@ test_that("guide_axis_stack stacks axes", {
     theme(axis.line = element_line()) +
     guides(x = bottom, x.sec = top, y = left, y.sec = right)
   expect_doppelganger("stacked axes", p)
+
+  bottom <- guide_axis_stack("axis_theta", guide_axis_theta(cap = "both"))
+  top    <- guide_axis_stack("axis_theta", guide_axis_theta(cap = "both"))
+
+  p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(hp, disp)) +
+    geom_point() +
+    theme(axis.line = element_line()) +
+    coord_radial(start = 0.25 * pi, end = 1.75 * pi, donut = 0.5) +
+    guides(theta = top, theta.sec = bottom, r = left, r.sec = right)
+  expect_doppelganger("stacked radial axes", p)
+
 })
 
 test_that("logticks look as they should", {

From 6b101b1978cb9a8ae4df5af09a694549e63a6eb0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Teun van den Brand <tahvdbrand@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 6 Dec 2023 09:56:33 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 14/14] Add news bullet

---
 NEWS.md | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 96ca2cdf69..992d5cc395 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # ggplot2 (development version)
 
+* New `guide_axis_stack()` to combine other axis guides on top of one another.
+
 * New `guide_custom()` function for drawing custom graphical objects (grobs)
   unrelated to scales in legend positions (#5416).