diff --git a/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/ImportedDecls.swift b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/ImportedDecls.swift
index e98d29b3..3619890b 100644
--- a/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/ImportedDecls.swift
+++ b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/ImportedDecls.swift
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ public final class ImportedFunc: ImportedDecl, CustomStringConvertible {
     self.swiftDecl.signatureString
   }
 
-
   var parentType: SwiftType? {
     guard let selfParameter = functionSignature.selfParameter else {
       return nil
diff --git a/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/JNI/JNISwift2JavaGenerator.swift b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/JNI/JNISwift2JavaGenerator.swift
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56d75218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/JNI/JNISwift2JavaGenerator.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Apple Inc. and the Swift.org project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0
+//
+// See LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift.org project authors
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+import JavaTypes
+
+package class JNISwift2JavaGenerator: Swift2JavaGenerator {
+  let analysis: AnalysisResult
+  let swiftModuleName: String
+  let javaPackage: String
+  let logger: Logger
+  let swiftOutputDirectory: String
+  let javaOutputDirectory: String
+
+  var javaPackagePath: String {
+    javaPackage.replacingOccurrences(of: ".", with: "/")
+  }
+
+  var thunkNameRegistry = ThunkNameRegistry()
+
+  package init(
+    translator: Swift2JavaTranslator,
+    javaPackage: String,
+    swiftOutputDirectory: String,
+    javaOutputDirectory: String
+  ) {
+    self.logger = Logger(label: "jni-generator", logLevel: translator.log.logLevel)
+    self.analysis = translator.result
+    self.swiftModuleName = translator.swiftModuleName
+    self.javaPackage = javaPackage
+    self.swiftOutputDirectory = swiftOutputDirectory
+    self.javaOutputDirectory = javaOutputDirectory
+  }
+
+  func generate() throws {
+    try writeSwiftThunkSources()
+    try writeExportedJavaSources()
+  }
+}
+
+extension JNISwift2JavaGenerator {
+  func writeExportedJavaSources() throws {
+    var printer = CodePrinter()
+    try writeExportedJavaSources(&printer)
+  }
+
+  package func writeExportedJavaSources(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) throws {
+    let filename = "\(self.swiftModuleName).java"
+    logger.trace("Printing module class: \(filename)")
+    printModule(&printer)
+
+    if let outputFile = try printer.writeContents(
+      outputDirectory: javaOutputDirectory,
+      javaPackagePath: javaPackagePath,
+      filename: filename
+    ) {
+      logger.info("[swift-java] Generated: \(self.swiftModuleName).java (at \(outputFile))")
+    }
+  }
+
+  func writeSwiftThunkSources() throws {
+    var printer = CodePrinter()
+    try writeSwiftThunkSources(&printer)
+  }
+
+  package func writeSwiftThunkSources(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) throws {
+    let moduleFilenameBase = "\(self.swiftModuleName)Module+SwiftJava"
+    let moduleFilename = "\(moduleFilenameBase).swift"
+
+    do {
+      logger.trace("Printing swift module class: \(moduleFilename)")
+
+      try printGlobalSwiftThunkSources(&printer)
+
+      if let outputFile = try printer.writeContents(
+        outputDirectory: self.swiftOutputDirectory,
+        javaPackagePath: javaPackagePath,
+        filename: moduleFilename
+      ) {
+        print("[swift-java] Generated: \(moduleFilenameBase.bold).swift (at \(outputFile)")
+      }
+    } catch {
+      logger.warning("Failed to write to Swift thunks: \(moduleFilename)")
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+extension JNISwift2JavaGenerator {
+  private func printGlobalSwiftThunkSources(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) throws {
+    printer.print(
+      """
+      // Generated by swift-java
+
+      import JavaKit
+
+      """)
+
+    for decl in analysis.importedGlobalFuncs {
+      printSwiftFunctionThunk(&printer, decl)
+      printer.println()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private func printSwiftFunctionThunk(_ printer: inout CodePrinter, _ decl: ImportedFunc) {
+    // TODO: Replace swiftModuleName with class name if non-global
+    let cName = "Java_" + self.javaPackage.replacingOccurrences(of: ".", with: "_") + "_\(swiftModuleName)_" + decl.name
+    let thunkName = thunkNameRegistry.functionThunkName(decl: decl)
+    let translatedParameters = decl.functionSignature.parameters.enumerated().map { idx, param in
+      (param.parameterName ?? "arg\(idx)", param.type.javaType)
+    }
+
+    let thunkParameters = [
+      "environment: UnsafeMutablePointer<JNIEnv?>!",
+      "thisClass: jclass"
+    ] + translatedParameters.map { "\($0.0): \($0.1.jniTypeName)"}
+    let swiftReturnType = decl.functionSignature.result.type
+
+    let thunkReturnType = !swiftReturnType.isVoid ? " -> \(swiftReturnType.javaType.jniTypeName)" : ""
+
+    printer.printBraceBlock(
+      """
+      @_cdecl("\(cName)")
+      func \(thunkName)(\(thunkParameters.joined(separator: ", ")))\(thunkReturnType)
+      """
+    ) { printer in
+      let downcallParameters = zip(decl.functionSignature.parameters, translatedParameters).map { originalParam, translatedParam in
+        let label = originalParam.argumentLabel ?? originalParam.parameterName ?? ""
+        return "\(label)\(!label.isEmpty ? ": " : "")\(originalParam.type)(fromJNI: \(translatedParam.0), in: environment!)"
+      }
+      let functionDowncall = "\(swiftModuleName).\(decl.name)(\(downcallParameters.joined(separator: ", ")))"
+
+      if swiftReturnType.isVoid {
+        printer.print(functionDowncall)
+      } else {
+        printer.print(
+          """
+          let result = \(functionDowncall)
+          return result.getJNIValue(in: environment)")
+          """
+        )
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+extension JNISwift2JavaGenerator {
+  private func printModule(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) {
+    printHeader(&printer)
+    printPackage(&printer)
+
+    printModuleClass(&printer) { printer in
+      for decl in analysis.importedGlobalFuncs {
+        self.logger.trace("Print global function: \(decl)")
+        printFunctionBinding(&printer, decl)
+        printer.println()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private func printHeader(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) {
+    printer.print(
+      """
+      // Generated by jextract-swift
+      // Swift module: \(swiftModuleName)
+
+      """
+    )
+  }
+
+  private func printPackage(_ printer: inout CodePrinter) {
+    printer.print(
+      """
+      package \(javaPackage);
+
+      """
+    )
+  }
+
+  private func printModuleClass(_ printer: inout CodePrinter, body: (inout CodePrinter) -> Void) {
+    printer.printBraceBlock("public final class \(swiftModuleName)") { printer in
+      body(&printer)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private func printFunctionBinding(_ printer: inout CodePrinter, _ decl: ImportedFunc) {
+    let returnType = decl.functionSignature.result.type.javaType
+    let params = decl.functionSignature.parameters.enumerated().map { idx, param in
+      "\(param.type.javaType) \(param.parameterName ?? "arg\(idx))")"
+    }
+
+    printer.print(
+      """
+      /**
+      * Downcall to Swift:
+      * {@snippet lang=swift :
+      * \(decl.signatureString)
+      * }
+      */
+      """
+    )
+    printer.print("public static native \(returnType) \(decl.name)(\(params.joined(separator: ", ")));")
+  }
+}
+
+extension SwiftType {
+  var javaType: JavaType {
+    switch self {
+    case .nominal(let nominalType):
+      if let knownType = nominalType.nominalTypeDecl.knownStandardLibraryType {
+        guard let javaType = knownType.javaType else {
+          fatalError("unsupported known type: \(knownType)")
+        }
+        return javaType
+      }
+
+      fatalError("unsupported nominal type: \(nominalType)")
+
+    case .tuple([]):
+      return .void
+
+    case .metatype, .optional, .tuple, .function:
+      fatalError("unsupported type: \(self)")
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+extension SwiftStandardLibraryTypeKind {
+  var javaType: JavaType? {
+    switch self {
+    case .bool: .boolean
+    case .int: .long // TODO: Handle 32-bit or 64-bit
+    case .int8: .byte
+    case .uint16: .char
+    case .int16: .short
+    case .int32: .int
+    case .int64: .long
+    case .float: .float
+    case .double: .double
+    case .void: .void
+    case .uint, .uint8, .uint32, .uint64, .unsafeRawPointer, .unsafeMutableRawPointer, .unsafePointer, .unsafeMutablePointer, .unsafeBufferPointer, .unsafeMutableBufferPointer, .string: nil
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/Swift2Java.swift b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/Swift2Java.swift
index 8adb7670..9b1b06bc 100644
--- a/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/Swift2Java.swift
+++ b/Sources/JExtractSwiftLib/Swift2Java.swift
@@ -97,6 +97,16 @@ public struct SwiftToJava {
         javaOutputDirectory: outputJavaDirectory
       )
 
+      try generator.generate()
+
+    case .jni:
+      let generator = JNISwift2JavaGenerator(
+        translator: translator,
+        javaPackage: config.javaPackage ?? "",
+        swiftOutputDirectory: outputSwiftDirectory,
+        javaOutputDirectory: outputJavaDirectory
+      )
+
       try generator.generate()
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/JavaKitConfigurationShared/GenerationMode.swift b/Sources/JavaKitConfigurationShared/GenerationMode.swift
index ff1d081d..ea30a436 100644
--- a/Sources/JavaKitConfigurationShared/GenerationMode.swift
+++ b/Sources/JavaKitConfigurationShared/GenerationMode.swift
@@ -15,4 +15,7 @@
 public enum GenerationMode: String, Codable {
   /// Foreign Value and Memory API
   case ffm
+
+  /// Java Native Interface
+  case jni
 }
diff --git a/Sources/JavaTypes/JavaType+JNI.swift b/Sources/JavaTypes/JavaType+JNI.swift
index 41a93d25..08361bac 100644
--- a/Sources/JavaTypes/JavaType+JNI.swift
+++ b/Sources/JavaTypes/JavaType+JNI.swift
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 extension JavaType {
   /// Map this Java type to the appropriate JNI type name.
-  var jniTypeName: String {
+  package var jniTypeName: String {
     switch self {
     case .boolean: "jboolean"
     case .float: "jfloat"
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/Asserts/TextAssertions.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/Asserts/TextAssertions.swift
index 3ea03d98..b3a09a22 100644
--- a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/Asserts/TextAssertions.swift
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/Asserts/TextAssertions.swift
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 import JExtractSwiftLib
 import Testing
+import JavaKitConfigurationShared
 import struct Foundation.CharacterSet
 
 enum RenderKind {
@@ -23,9 +24,10 @@ enum RenderKind {
 
 func assertOutput(
   dump: Bool = false,
-  _ translator: Swift2JavaTranslator,
   input: String,
+  _ mode: GenerationMode,
   _ renderKind: RenderKind,
+  swiftModuleName: String = "SwiftModule",
   detectChunkByInitialLines: Int = 4,
   expectedChunks: [String],
   fileID: String = #fileID,
@@ -33,22 +35,42 @@ func assertOutput(
   line: Int = #line,
   column: Int = #column
 ) throws {
-  try! translator.analyze(file: "/fake/Fake.swiftinterface", text: input)
+  let translator = Swift2JavaTranslator(swiftModuleName: swiftModuleName)
 
-  let generator = FFMSwift2JavaGenerator(
-    translator: translator,
-    javaPackage: "com.example.swift",
-    swiftOutputDirectory: "/fake",
-    javaOutputDirectory: "/fake"
-  )
+  try! translator.analyze(file: "/fake/Fake.swiftinterface", text: input)
 
   let output: String
   var printer: CodePrinter = CodePrinter(mode: .accumulateAll)
-  switch renderKind {
-  case .swift:
-    try generator.writeSwiftThunkSources(printer: &printer)
-  case .java:
-    try generator.writeExportedJavaSources(printer: &printer)
+  switch mode {
+  case .ffm:
+    let generator = FFMSwift2JavaGenerator(
+      translator: translator,
+      javaPackage: "com.example.swift",
+      swiftOutputDirectory: "/fake",
+      javaOutputDirectory: "/fake"
+    )
+
+    switch renderKind {
+    case .swift:
+      try generator.writeSwiftThunkSources(printer: &printer)
+    case .java:
+      try generator.writeExportedJavaSources(printer: &printer)
+    }
+
+  case .jni:
+    let generator = JNISwift2JavaGenerator(
+      translator: translator,
+      javaPackage: "com.example.swift",
+      swiftOutputDirectory: "/fake",
+      javaOutputDirectory: "/fake"
+    )
+
+    switch renderKind {
+    case .swift:
+      try generator.writeSwiftThunkSources(&printer)
+    case .java:
+      try generator.writeExportedJavaSources(&printer)
+    }
   }
   output = printer.finalize()
 
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/ClassPrintingTests.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/ClassPrintingTests.swift
index f0c59456..6c0d8d0a 100644
--- a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/ClassPrintingTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/ClassPrintingTests.swift
@@ -41,11 +41,7 @@ struct ClassPrintingTests {
 
   @Test("Import: class layout")
   func class_layout() throws {
-    let st = Swift2JavaTranslator(
-      swiftModuleName: "__FakeModule"
-    )
-
-    try assertOutput(st, input: class_interfaceFile, .java, expectedChunks: [
+    try assertOutput(input: class_interfaceFile, .ffm, .java, swiftModuleName: "__FakeModule", expectedChunks: [
       """
       public static final SwiftAnyType TYPE_METADATA =
           new SwiftAnyType(SwiftKit.swiftjava.getType("__FakeModule", "MySwiftClass"));
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/JNI/JNIModuleTests.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/JNI/JNIModuleTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5df98a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/JNI/JNIModuleTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Apple Inc. and the Swift.org project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0
+//
+// See LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift.org project authors
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+import JExtractSwiftLib
+import Testing
+
+@Suite
+struct JNIModuleTests {
+  let globalMethodWithPrimitives = """
+    public func helloWorld()
+    public func takeIntegers(i1: Int8, i2: Int16, i3: Int32, i4: Int) -> UInt16
+    public func otherPrimitives(b: Bool, f: Float, d: Double)
+  """
+
+  @Test
+  func generatesModuleJavaClass() throws {
+    let input = "public func helloWorld()"
+
+    try assertOutput(input: input, .jni, .java, expectedChunks: [
+      """
+      // Generated by jextract-swift
+      // Swift module: SwiftModule
+
+      package com.example.swift;
+
+      public final class SwiftModule {
+      """
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  func globalMethodWithPrimitives_javaBindings() throws {
+    try assertOutput(
+      input: globalMethodWithPrimitives,
+      .jni,
+      .java,
+      expectedChunks: [
+        """
+        /**
+          * Downcall to Swift:
+          * {@snippet lang=swift :
+          * public func helloWorld()
+          * }
+          */
+        public static native void helloWorld();
+        """,
+        """
+        /**
+          * Downcall to Swift:
+          * {@snippet lang=swift :
+          * public func takeIntegers(i1: Int8, i2: Int16, i3: Int32, i4: Int) -> UInt16
+          * }
+          */
+        public static native char takeIntegers(byte i1, short i2, int i3, long i4);
+        """,
+        """
+        /**
+          * Downcall to Swift:
+          * {@snippet lang=swift :
+          * public func otherPrimitives(b: Bool, f: Float, d: Double)
+          * }
+          */
+        public static native void otherPrimitives(boolean b, float f, double d);
+        """
+      ]
+    )
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  func globalMethodWithPrimitives_swiftThunks() throws {
+    try assertOutput(
+      input: globalMethodWithPrimitives,
+      .jni,
+      .swift,
+      detectChunkByInitialLines: 1,
+      expectedChunks: [
+        """
+        @_cdecl("Java_com_example_swift_SwiftModule_helloWorld")
+        func swiftjava_SwiftModule_helloWorld(environment: UnsafeMutablePointer<JNIEnv?>!, thisClass: jclass) {
+          SwiftModule.helloWorld()
+        }
+        """,
+        """
+        @_cdecl("Java_com_example_swift_SwiftModule_takeIntegers")
+        func swiftjava_SwiftModule_takeIntegers_i1_i2_i3_i4(environment: UnsafeMutablePointer<JNIEnv?>!, thisClass: jclass, i1: jbyte, i2: jshort, i3: jint, i4: jlong) -> jchar {
+          let result = SwiftModule.takeIntegers(i1: Int8(fromJNI: i1, in: environment!), i2: Int16(fromJNI: i2, in: environment!), i3: Int32(fromJNI: i3, in: environment!), i4: Int(fromJNI: i4, in: environment!))
+          return result.getJNIValue(in: environment)")
+        }
+        """,
+        """
+        @_cdecl("Java_com_example_swift_SwiftModule_otherPrimitives")
+        func swiftjava_SwiftModule_otherPrimitives_b_f_d(environment: UnsafeMutablePointer<JNIEnv?>!, thisClass: jclass, b: jboolean, f: jfloat, d: jdouble) {
+          SwiftModule.otherPrimitives(b: Bool(fromJNI: b, in: environment!), f: Float(fromJNI: f, in: environment!), d: Double(fromJNI: d, in: environment!))
+        }
+        """
+      ]
+    )
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/MethodThunkTests.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/MethodThunkTests.swift
index b91c0d8f..dab550b3 100644
--- a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/MethodThunkTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/MethodThunkTests.swift
@@ -32,13 +32,9 @@ final class MethodThunkTests {
 
   @Test("Thunk overloads: globalFunc(a: Int32, b: Int64) & globalFunc(i32: Int32, l: Int64)")
   func thunk_overloads() throws {
-    let st = Swift2JavaTranslator(
-      swiftModuleName: "FakeModule"
-    )
-    st.log.logLevel = .error
-
     try assertOutput(
-      st, input: input, .swift,
+      input: input, .ffm, .swift,
+      swiftModuleName: "FakeModule",
       detectChunkByInitialLines: 1,
       expectedChunks:
       [
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/StringPassingTests.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/StringPassingTests.swift
index 92ce8ea6..99dfab5c 100644
--- a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/StringPassingTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/StringPassingTests.swift
@@ -25,13 +25,9 @@ final class StringPassingTests {
 
   @Test("Import: public func writeString(string: String) -> Int")
   func method_helloWorld() throws {
-    let st = Swift2JavaTranslator(
-      swiftModuleName: "__FakeModule"
-    )
-    st.log.logLevel = .trace
-
     try assertOutput(
-      st, input: class_interfaceFile, .java,
+      input: class_interfaceFile, .ffm, .java,
+      swiftModuleName: "__FakeModule",
       expectedChunks: [
         """
         /**
diff --git a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/VariableImportTests.swift b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/VariableImportTests.swift
index 562b92ae..33f41e20 100644
--- a/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/VariableImportTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/JExtractSwiftTests/VariableImportTests.swift
@@ -35,13 +35,9 @@ final class VariableImportTests {
 
   @Test("Import: var counter: Int")
   func variable_int() throws {
-    let st = Swift2JavaTranslator(
-      swiftModuleName: "FakeModule"
-    )
-    st.log.logLevel = .error
-
     try assertOutput(
-      st, input: class_interfaceFile, .java,
+      input: class_interfaceFile, .ffm, .java,
+      swiftModuleName: "FakeModule",
       detectChunkByInitialLines: 8,
       expectedChunks: [
         """