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feat: add ndarray/base/output-dtype
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<!--
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@license Apache-2.0
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Copyright (c) 2025 The Stdlib Authors.
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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-->
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# outputDataType
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> Resolve the output ndarray [data type][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes] from a list of input ndarray [data types][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes].
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<!-- Section to include introductory text. Make sure to keep an empty line after the intro `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->
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<section class="intro">
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</section>
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<!-- /.intro -->
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<!-- Package usage documentation. -->
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<section class="usage">
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## Usage
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```javascript
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var outputDataType = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/output-dtype' );
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```
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#### outputDataType( dtypes, policy )
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Resolves the output ndarray [data type][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes] from a list of input ndarray [data types][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes] according to a [data type policy][@stdlib/ndarray/output-dtype-policies].
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```javascript
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var dt = outputDataType( [ 'int32', 'uint32' ], 'floating_point' );
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// returns 'float64'
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```
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The function supports the following parameters:
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- **dtypes**: list of input ndarray [data types][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes].
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- **policy**: output [data type policy][@stdlib/ndarray/output-dtype-policies].
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If `policy` is a [data type][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes], the function always returns the `policy` value (i.e., the second argument).
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```javascript
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var dt = outputDataType( [ 'float32', 'float32' ], 'float64' );
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// returns 'float64'
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dt = outputDataType( [ 'int32', 'complex128' ], 'float64' );
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// returns 'float64'
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// ...
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```
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</section>
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<!-- /.usage -->
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<!-- Package usage notes. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->
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<section class="notes">
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## Notes
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- When provided more than [data type][@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes], the function **always** applies [type promotion][@stdlib/ndarray/promotion-rules] to the provided data types, except for the following [data type policies][@stdlib/ndarray/output-dtype-policies]:
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- `default`
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- `default_index`
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- `same`
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- `<dtype>`
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</section>
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<!-- /.notes -->
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<!-- Package usage examples. -->
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<section class="examples">
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## Examples
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<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" -->
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```javascript
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var naryFunction = require( '@stdlib/utils/nary-function' );
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var unzip = require( '@stdlib/utils/unzip' );
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var cartesianProduct = require( '@stdlib/array/base/cartesian-product' );
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var dtypes = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes' );
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var logEachMap = require( '@stdlib/console/log-each-map' );
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var outputDataType = require( '@stdlib/ndarray/base/output-dtype' );
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// Get the list of real-valued data types:
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var dt = dtypes( 'real' );
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// Define a list of output data type policies:
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var policies = [
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'default',
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'real',
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'floating_point',
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'complex_floating_point',
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'promoted'
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];
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// Generate data type pairs:
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var pairs = cartesianProduct( dt, dt );
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// Generate argument pairs:
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var args = cartesianProduct( pairs, policies );
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// Unzip the argument pair array:
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args = unzip( args );
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// Resolve output data types:
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logEachMap( 'dtypes: (%15s). policy: %-24s. output dtype: %s.', args[ 0 ], args[ 1 ], naryFunction( outputDataType, 2 ) );
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```
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</section>
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<!-- /.examples -->
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<!-- Section to include cited references. If references are included, add a horizontal rule *before* the section. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->
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<section class="references">
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</section>
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<!-- /.references -->
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<!-- Section for related `stdlib` packages. Do not manually edit this section, as it is automatically populated. -->
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<section class="related">
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</section>
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<!-- /.related -->
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<!-- Section for all links. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. -->
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<section class="links">
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[@stdlib/ndarray/dtypes]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/tree/develop/lib/node_modules/%40stdlib/ndarray/dtypes
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[@stdlib/ndarray/output-dtype-policies]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/tree/develop/lib/node_modules/%40stdlib/ndarray/output-dtype-policies
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[@stdlib/ndarray/promotion-rules]: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/tree/develop/lib/node_modules/%40stdlib/ndarray/promotion-rules
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</section>
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<!-- /.links -->

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