sampling statement -> distribution statement in other files

Author: avehtari

src/reference-manual/blocks.qmd

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ Log-probability modifying functions to blocks where the log
 probability accumulator is in scope (transformed parameters and
 model); such functions are suffixed with `_lp`.
 
-Density functions defined in the program may be used in sampling
+Density functions defined in the program may be used in distribution
 statements.
 
 
@@ -393,8 +393,9 @@ in the `transformed data` block.
 
 The statements in the transformed data block are designed to be
 executed once and have a deterministic result.  Therefore, log
-probability is not accumulated and sampling statements may not be
-used.
+probability is not accumulated and 
+[statements.qmd#distribution-statements.section](distribution statements)
+may not be used.
 
 
 ### Variable constraint checking {-}
@@ -528,7 +529,7 @@ no well-defined way to have them be both flexible and easy to
 validate.
 
 The statements in the model block typically define the model.  This is
-the block in which probability (sampling notation) statements are
+the block in which probability (distribution notation) statements are
 allowed.  These are typically used when programming in the BUGS idiom
 to define the probability model.
 

src/reference-manual/expressions.qmd

@@ -1339,7 +1339,9 @@ model {
 }
 ```
 
-Algebraically, the sampling statement in the model could be reduced to
+Algebraically, 
+[statements.qmd#distribution-statements.section](the distribution statement) 
+in the model could be reduced to
 
 ```stan
   x ~ normal(0, 1);

src/reference-manual/removals.qmd

@@ -123,8 +123,9 @@ Replace `foo_ccdf_log(y, ...)` with `foo_lccdf(y | ...)`.
 
 ## User-defined function with `_log` suffix
 
-*Removed*: A user-defined function ending in `_log` can be no longer be used in
-sampling statements.
+*Removed*: A user-defined function ending in `_log` can be no longer be 
+used in
+[statements.qmd#distribution-statements.section](distribution statements).
 
 *Replacement*: Replace the `_log` suffix with `_lpdf` for density
 functions or `_lpmf` for mass functions in the user-defined function.

src/reference-manual/user-functions.qmd

@@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ arguments to produce an expression, which has a value when executed.
 ### Functions as statements {-}
 
 Functions with void return types may be applied to arguments and used
-as statements.  These act like sampling statements or print
+as [statements.qmd](statements). 
+These act like distribution statements or print
 statements.  Such uses are only appropriate for functions that act
 through side effects, such as incrementing the log probability
 accumulator, printing, or raising exceptions.
@@ -147,12 +148,12 @@ for containers, so an array of `int` may be assigned to an array of
 `real` of the same shape.  And we can also promote `vector` to
 `complex_vector` and similarly for row vectors and matrices.
 
-### Probability functions in sampling statements {-}
+### Probability functions in distribution statements {-}
 
-Functions whose name ends in `_lpdf` or `_lpmf` (density
+Functions whose name ends in `_lpdf` or `_lpmf` (log density
 and mass functions) may be used as probability functions and may be
-used in place of parameterized distributions on the right-hand-side of
-sampling statements.
+used in place of parameterized distributions on the right side of
+[statements.qmd#distribution-statements.section](distribution statements).
 
 
 ### Restrictions on placement {-}
@@ -292,28 +293,30 @@ a function elsewhere results in a compile-time error.
 
 ### Log probability access in functions {-}
 
-Functions that include sampling statements or log probability
-increment statements must have a name that ends in `_lp`.
-Attempts to use sampling statements or increment log probability
+Functions that include 
+[statements.qmd#distribution-statements.section](distribution statements) or 
+[statements.qmd#increment-log-prob.section](log probability increment statements)
+must have a name that ends in `_lp`.
+Attempts to use distribution statements or increment log probability
 statements in other functions lead to a compile-time error.
 
-Like the target log density increment statement and sampling
+Like the target log density increment statement and distribution
 statements, user-defined functions with names that end in `_lp`
 may only be used in blocks where the log probability accumulator is
 accessible, namely the transformed parameters and model blocks.  An
 attempt to use such a function elsewhere results in a compile-time
 error.
 
 
-### Defining probability functions for sampling statements {-}
+### Defining probability functions for distribution statements {-}
 
 Functions whose names end in `_lpdf` and `_lpmf` (density
-and mass functions) can be used as probability functions in sampling
+and mass functions) can be used as probability functions in distribution
 statements.  As with the built-in functions, the first argument will
-appear on the left of the sampling statement operator (`~`) in
-the sampling statement and the other arguments follow.  For example,
+appear on the left of the distribution statement operator (`~`) in
+the distribution statement and the other arguments follow.  For example,
 suppose a function returning the log of the density of `y` given
-parameter `theta` allows the use of the sampling statement is
+parameter `theta` allows the use of the distribution statement is
 defined as follows.
 
 ```stan
@@ -335,7 +338,7 @@ The `_lupdf` and `_lupmf` forms of the user-defined functions will
 instead allow other unnormalized density functions to drop additive
 constants.
 
-The sampling shorthand
+The distribution statement shorthand
 
 ```stan
 z ~ foo(phi);

src/stan-users-guide/truncation-censoring.qmd

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ order for this model to not concentrate `L` strongly around
 `min(y)` and `U` strongly around `max(y)`.
 
 
-## Censored data
+## Censored data {#censored.section}
 
 Censoring hides values from points that are too large, too small, or
 both.  Unlike with truncated data, the number of data points that were