Lesson 5 | "VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode" error when trying to deploy a contract

[semokka]

My deploy.js code:

const ethers = require("ethers");
const fs = require("fs-extra");

async function main() {
  const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(
    "http://127.0.0.1:7545"
  );
  const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(
    "0x557d7734c132de88e8c07f8b9d41d1affd5089c50f5c59c16ff788683c9123bf",
    provider
  );
  const abi = fs.readFileSync("./SimpleStorage_sol_SimpleStorage.abi", "utf8");
  const bytecode = fs.readFileSync(
    "./SimpleStorage_sol_SimpleStorage.bin",
    "utf8"
  );

  const contractFactory = new ethers.ContractFactory(abi, bytecode, wallet);
  console.log("Deploying...");

//The error appears to happen at this line
  const contract = await contractFactory.deploy({
/* Ethers.js forced me to set gasLimit */
    gasLimit: 1e5,
  });
}

main()
  .then(() => process.exit(0))
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error(error);
    process.exit(1);
  });

And the error I received:

error: Error: VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode
      at getResult (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/providers/lib/json-rpc-provider.js:191:21)
      at processJsonFunc (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/web/lib/index.js:356:22)
      at /Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/web/lib/index.js:288:46
      at step (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/web/lib/index.js:33:23)
      at Object.next (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/web/lib/index.js:14:53)
      at fulfilled (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/@ethersproject/web/lib/index.js:5:58)
      at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5) {
    code: -32000,
    data: {
      hash: '0xcf2af5569adc054ba0a8f8e2a13621197d0e7155875eb7f6e6df86445b947d9c',
      programCounter: 24,
      result: '0xcf2af5569adc054ba0a8f8e2a13621197d0e7155875eb7f6e6df86445b947d9c',
      reason: null,
      message: 'invalid opcode'
    }
  },

Dependencies:

ethers-simple-storage@1.0.0 /Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage
├── ethers@5.7.2
├── fs-extra@11.1.1
└── solc@0.8.20

Ganache server settings (in case needed):

1. HOSTNAME - 127.0.0.1 - Io0
2. PORT NUMBER - 7545
3. NETWORK ID - 1337

[MattBCarr]

Could you upload your whole repo please? Also, try messing with the gasLimit you have set in the contractFactory.deploy method, that's weird that it's having you set that manually as it usually shouldn't matter... If you could it might also help to post the error code you get when you don't manually set it.

[semokka]

Sorry for taking this too long, I've invited you to a repository with the code.

Also: here's the full error message I get without manually setting gasLimit:

Error: could not coalesce error (error={ "code": -32000, "data": { "hash": "0xbecbbcfdbc8a8f8ac3c72b5bc1cffca9d9ca5840ad4c4df540c19404b41e11f6", "message": "invalid opcode", "programCounter": 24, "reason": null, "result": "0xbecbbcfdbc8a8f8ac3c72b5bc1cffca9d9ca5840ad4c4df540c19404b41e11f6" }, "message": "VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode", "name": "RuntimeError", "stack": "RuntimeError: VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode\n    at EIP1559FeeMarketTransaction.fillFromResult (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:12745)\n    at Miner.<anonymous> (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:36703)\n    at async Miner.<anonymous> (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:35116)\n    at async Miner.mine (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:39680)\n    at async Blockchain.mine (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:60063)\n    at async Promise.all (index 0)\n    at async TransactionPool.emit (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/node_modules/emittery/index.js:303:3)" }, code=UNKNOWN_ERROR, version=6.3.0)
    at makeError (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/ethers/lib.commonjs/utils/errors.js:121:21)
    at JsonRpcProvider.getRpcError (/Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/ethers/lib.commonjs/providers/provider-jsonrpc.js:632:41)
    at /Users/maximburin/Documents/blockhain_learning/ethers-simple-storage/node_modules/ethers/lib.commonjs/providers/provider-jsonrpc.js:251:52
    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5) {
  code: 'UNKNOWN_ERROR',
  error: {
    message: 'VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode',
    stack: 'RuntimeError: VM Exception while processing transaction: invalid opcode\n' +
      '    at EIP1559FeeMarketTransaction.fillFromResult (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:12745)\n' +
      '    at Miner.<anonymous> (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:36703)\n' +
      '    at async Miner.<anonymous> (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:35116)\n' +
      '    at async Miner.mine (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:39680)\n' +
      '    at async Blockchain.mine (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/dist/node/1.js:2:60063)\n' +
      '    at async Promise.all (index 0)\n' +
      '    at async TransactionPool.emit (/Applications/Ganache.app/Contents/Resources/static/node/node_modules/ganache/node_modules/emittery/index.js:303:3)',
    code: -32000,
    name: 'RuntimeError',
    data: {
      hash: '0xbecbbcfdbc8a8f8ac3c72b5bc1cffca9d9ca5840ad4c4df540c19404b41e11f6',
      programCounter: 24,
      result: '0xbecbbcfdbc8a8f8ac3c72b5bc1cffca9d9ca5840ad4c4df540c19404b41e11f6',
      reason: null,
      message: 'invalid opcode'
    }
  }
}

[MattBCarr]

Seems like for some reason the version of solidity you're using is causing issues... change the solidity version in your SimpleStorage.sol to

pragma solidity 0.8.19;

and then go ahead and upgrade the solidity compiler in your terminal by running

npm install --save-dev solc@0.8.19

and then finally you want to go ahead delete both the SimpleStorage abi and bin files, making sure to recompile with

npx solcjs --bin --abi --include-path node_modules/ --base-path . -o . SimpleStorage.sol

Should be good after that! Let me know if that works for you...

[semokka]

It works! Thank you so much! 👏

[r-bytes]

had the same issue with solidity 0.8.21. proposed solution worked also for me

[alymurtazamemon]

@TheUnknownCodr Please check this here link