Merge pull request #56 from rust-osdev/next

This Month in Rust OSDev (May 2021)

Author: phil-opp

content/this-month/2020-04.md renamed to content/this-month/2020-04/index.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 +++
 title = "This Month in Rust OSDev (August 2020)"
-date = 2020-09-07
+date = 2020-09-09
 
 [extra]
 month = "August 2020"

content/this-month/2020-05.md renamed to content/this-month/2020-05/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
++++
+title = "This Month in Rust OSDev (May 2021)"
+date = 2021-06-07
+
+[extra]
+month = "May 2021"
+authors = [
+    "phil-opp",
+    "GabrielMajeri",
+    "IsaacWoods",
+    "toku-sa-n",
+    # add yourself here
+]
++++
+
+Welcome to a new issue of _"This Month in Rust OSDev"_. In these posts, we give a regular overview of notable changes in the Rust operating system development ecosystem.
+
+<!-- more -->
+
+This series is openly developed [on GitHub](https://github.com/rust-osdev/homepage/). Feel free to open pull requests there with content you would like to see in the next issue. If you find some issues on this page, please report them by [creating an issue](https://github.com/rust-osdev/homepage/issues/new) or using our [_comment form_](#comment-form) at the bottom of this page.
+
+<!--
+    This is a draft for the upcoming "This Month in Rust OSDev (May 2021)" post.
+    Feel free to create pull requests against the `next` branch to add your
+    content here.
+    Please take a look at the past posts on https://rust-osdev.com/ to see the
+    general structure of these posts.
+-->
+
+## Project Updates
+
+In this section, we give an overview of notable changes to the projects hosted under the [`rust-osdev`] organization.
+
+[`rust-osdev`]: https://github.com/rust-osdev/about
+
+### [`x86_64`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64)
+
+The `x86_64` crate provides various abstractions for `x86_64` systems, including wrappers for CPU instructions, access to processor-specific registers, and abstraction types for architecture-specific structures such as page tables and descriptor tables.
+
+In May, we merged the following changes:
+
+- [Use new `const_fn_trait_bound` feature to fix build on latest nightly](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/250) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.14.1`)</span>
+- [Multiple improvements to the inline assembly code](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/251) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.14.2`)</span>
+- [Minor lint fixes](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/253)
+- [Cleanup `const_fn!`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/255)
+- [Use marker types for Port read/write access](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/248)
+- [Bump version to 0.14.3](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/256) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.14.3`)</span>
+
+We also started to [prepare a `v0.15` release](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/issues/262), for which we already implemented the following breaking changes:
+
+- [Replace `software_interrupt!` macro with generic function](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/259)
+- [`software_interrupt`: Add additional testing](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/260)
+- [Fix typo in docs](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/265)
+- [idt: Fixup Options structure and cleanup `set_handler_fn`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/226) (resubmitted in [#261](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/261))
+- [Use SegmentSelector in InterruptStackFrame](https://github.com/rust-osdev/x86_64/pull/263)
+
+Thanks to [@dbeckwith](https://github.com/dbeckwith) and [@Freax13](https://github.com/Freax13) for their contributions!
+
+### [`bootloader`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader)
+
+The `bootloader` crate implements a custom Rust-based bootloader for easy loading of 64-bit ELF executables. This month, we merged the following changes:
+
+- [Change register used in setting `SS` in `stage_4`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/156) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.10.3`)</span>
+- [Fix build on latest Rust nightly by updating to `uefi` v0.9.0](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/162)
+- [Fix higher half kernels by identity mapping context switch fn earlier](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/161) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.10.4`)</span>
+- [Make bootloader v0.10 compatible with latest Rust nightlies by updating uefi-rs dependency](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/170) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.10.5`)</span>
+- [Add some usage examples](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/166)
+- [Uefi: Look for an ACPI2 RSDP first](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/174)
+- [Identity-map GDT into kernel address space](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/175)
+- [Don't check target architecture for builder crate to support cross-compiling](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/176) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.10.6`)</span>
+
+Thanks to [@Elekrisk](https://github.com/Elekrisk) for their contribution!
+
+We also published the following backport to `v0.9`:
+
+- [Fix nightly regression by manually passing `--gc-sections`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootloader/pull/168) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.9.18`)</span>
+
+### [`uefi-rs`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uefi-rs)
+
+The `uefi` crate provides safe and performant wrappers for [UEFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface), the successor to the BIOS. In May, we merged the following changes:
+
+- [Switch to the newer `Try` trait API](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uefi-rs/pull/221)
+- [Add `FromResidual<Result<!, Error>>` impl for `Status`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uefi-rs/pull/223)
+- [Add `PartitionInfo` protocol](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uefi-rs/pull/225)
+- [Add shim lock protocol](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uefi-rs/pull/226)
+
+Thanks to [@phil-opp](https://github.com/phil-opp) and [@nicholasbishop](https://github.com/nicholasbishop) for their contributions!
+
+### [`uart_16550`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uart_16550)
+
+The `uart_16550` crate provides basic support for serial port I/O for 16550-compatible UARTs. We merged the following changes this month:
+
+- [SerialPort::new() no longer requires nightly](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uart_16550/pull/16) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.2.14`)</span>
+- [Add support for memory mapped UARTs](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uart_16550/pull/15)
+- [Improvements to new MMIO support](https://github.com/rust-osdev/uart_16550/pull/18) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.2.15`)</span>
+
+Thanks to [@josephlr](https://github.com/josephlr) and [@remimimimi](https://github.com/remimimimi) for their contributions!
+
+### [`pic_8259`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/pic8259)
+
+The `pic_8259` crate provides abstractions for 8259 and 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controllers (PICs). It is a new fork of the [`pic8259_simple`](https://github.com/emk/toyos-rs/tree/master/crates/pic8259_simple) crate, which appears to be no longer maintained.
+
+We merged the following changes on top of the original `pic8259_simple` crate:
+
+- [PIC: Masks](https://github.com/emk/toyos-rs/pull/7)
+- [cpuio: Use new feature flag for const functions](https://github.com/emk/toyos-rs/pull/9)
+- [Replace `cpuio` dependency with `x86_64` crate](https://github.com/rust-osdev/pic8259/commit/92f7a123224e7fa1ce3813fc62b84e290d2fc799)
+- [Rename to pic8259 and bump version to 0.10.0](https://github.com/rust-osdev/pic8259/commit/3e5602aaff3d30f6371c4976149eb693d5838d7c)
+
+Thanks to [@mkroening](https://github.com/mkroening) and [@hanmertens](https://github.com/hanmertens) for their contributions!
+
+### [`acpi`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/acpi)
+
+The `acpi` repository contains crates for parsing the ACPI tables – data structures that the firmware of modern computers use to relay information about the hardware to the OS.
+
+This month was fairly quiet, but an important regression was fixed. When native methods were introduced in March,
+`AmlContext` lost its `Send + Sync`, as these native methods weren't required to be thread-safe. This meant that
+`AmlContext` could no longer be stored in types such as `spin::Once`, or shared between threads/tasks. This is
+undesirable for `AmlContext`, as it is very expensive to construct, and AML does (in theory) provide mechanisms to
+make itself thread-safe, so any probject should only need one.
+
+This was fixed by requiring native methods to be `Send + Sync`. If you're hitting this issue, please upgrade to the
+latest version. <span class="gray">(published as `v0.13.0`)</span>
+
+Thanks to [@michaelmelanson](https://github.com/michaelmelanson) for his contribution!
+
+### [`xhci`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/xhci)
+
+The `xhci` crate provides types of xHCI structures such as Contexts, Extended Capabilities, Registers, and TRBs.
+
+In May we finished implementing all of these structures and field getters/setters. Still there may exist missings. If you find one, feel free to send a PR!
+
+### [`spinning_top`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/spinning_top)
+
+The `spinning_top` crate provides a simple spinlock implementation based on the abstractions of the [`lock_api`](https://docs.rs/lock_api/0.4.1/lock_api/) crate. This month, we released version `v0.2.4` with the following small improvements:
+
+- [Define `MappedSpinlockGuard` alias](https://github.com/rust-osdev/spinning_top/pull/12)
+- [Fix unclosed code block in doc comment](https://github.com/rust-osdev/spinning_top/pull/11/files)
+
+Thanks to [@toku-sa-n](https://github.com/toku-sa-n) for these contributions!
+
+### [`vga`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/vga)
+
+The work-in-progress `vga` crate allows the configuration of the VGA hardware, e.g. switching from text-based mode to a pixel-based graphics mode. This month, we fixed a nightly build error:
+
+- [Update dependencies to latest versions to fix E0557](https://github.com/rust-osdev/vga/pull/23)
+- [Update testing](https://github.com/rust-osdev/vga/pull/24) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.2.7`)</span>
+
+Thanks to [@ethindp](https://github.com/ethindp) for their contribution!
+
+### [`ps2-mouse`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/ps2-mouse)
+
+The `ps2-mouse` library provides a basic interface for interacting with a PS/2 mouse. It was also affected by the nightly breakage in `x86_64`, so it required a dependency update too:
+
+- [Update x86_64 to 0.14.2](https://github.com/rust-osdev/ps2-mouse/pull/2) <span class="gray">(published as `v0.1.4`)</span>
+
+Thanks to [@littledivy](https://github.com/littledivy) for this contribution!
+
+## Call for Participation
+
+Want to contribute to a Rust OSDev project, but don't know where to start? Pick up one of these outstanding
+issues in one of our projects and get started!
+
+<!--
+Please use the following template for adding items:
+- [(`repo_name`) Issue Description](https://example.com/link-to-issue)
+-->
+
+- [(`acpi`) Add initial support for `DefExternal` opcodes](https://github.com/rust-osdev/acpi/issues/96)
+- [(`acpi`) Add test to make sure `AmlContext` remains `Send + Sync`](https://github.com/rust-osdev/acpi/issues/98)
+
+If you maintain a Rust OSDev project and are looking for contributors, especially for tasks suited to people
+getting started in this space, please [create a PR](https://github.com/rust-osdev/homepage/pulls) against the
+`next` branch with the tasks you want to include in the next issue.
+
+
+## Personal Projects
+
+In this section, we describe updates to personal projects that are not directly related to the `rust-osdev` organization. Feel free to [create a pull request](https://github.com/rust-osdev/homepage/pulls) with the updates of your OS project for the next post.
+
+### [`phil-opp/blog_os`](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os)
+
+<span class="gray">(Section written by [@phil-opp](https://github.com/phil-opp))</span>
+
+We merged the following improvements to the [_Writing an OS in Rust_](https://os.phil-opp.com/) blog this month:
+
+- [Update posts to fix build on latest nightly](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/990)
+    - [Update x86_64 dependency to v0.14.2 to fix nightly breakage](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/984)
+    - Adjust `post-XX` tags for x86_64 v0.14: [`post-05`](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/985), [`post-06`](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/986), [`post-07`](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/987), [`post-08`](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/988)
+    - [Switch to `pic8259` fork](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/987)
+    - [Update `linked_list_allocator` dependency to v0.9.0](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/989)
+- [Translate post 08 to Japanese](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/954)
+- [Remove wrong suggestion part](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/983)
+- [Fix typo](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/978)
+- [Fix typos in edition 3 uefi booting post](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/pull/981)
+
+Thanks to [@woodyZootopia](https://github.com/woodyZootopia), [@kahirokunn](https://github.com/kahirokunn), [@HKalbasi](https://github.com/HKalbasi), and [@bjorn3](https://github.com/bjorn3) for their contributions!
+
+## Join Us?
+
+Are you interested in Rust-based operating system development? Our `rust-osdev` organization is always open to new members and new projects. Just let us know if you want to join! A good way for getting in touch is our [gitter channel](https://gitter.im/rust-osdev/Lobby).