Permit attributes on 'if' expressions

Previously, attributes on 'if' expressions (e.g. #[attr] if true {})
were disallowed during parsing. This made it impossible for macros to
perform any custom handling of such attributes (e.g. stripping them
away), since a compilation error would be emitted before they ever had a
chance to run.

This PR permits attributes on 'if' expressions ('if-attrs' from here on).
Both built-in attributes (e.g. `#[allow]`, `#[cfg]`) are supported.

We still do *not* accept attributes on 'other parts' of an if-else
chain. That is, the following code snippet still fails to parse:

```rust
if true {} #[attr] else if false {} else #[attr] if false {} #[attr]
else {}
```

Author: Aaron1011

src/librustc_parse/parser/expr.rs

@@ -665,20 +665,11 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             expr.map(|mut expr| {
                 attrs.extend::<Vec<_>>(expr.attrs.into());
                 expr.attrs = attrs;
-                self.error_attr_on_if_expr(&expr);
                 expr
             })
         })
     }
 
-    fn error_attr_on_if_expr(&self, expr: &Expr) {
-        if let (ExprKind::If(..), [a0, ..]) = (&expr.kind, &*expr.attrs) {
-            // Just point to the first attribute in there...
-            self.struct_span_err(a0.span, "attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions")
-                .emit();
-        }
-    }
-
     fn parse_dot_or_call_expr_with_(&mut self, mut e: P<Expr>, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
         loop {
             if self.eat(&token::Question) {

src/test/pretty/if-attr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// pp-exact
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn simple_attr() {
+
+    #[attr]
+    if true { }
+
+    #[allow_warnings]
+    if true { }
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn if_else_chain() {
+
+    #[first_attr]
+    if true { } else if false { } else { }
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn if_let() {
+
+    #[attr]
+    if let Some(_) = Some(true) { }
+}
+
+
+fn main() { }

src/test/ui/parser/attr-stmt-expr-attr-bad.rs

@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ fn main() {}
 //~^ ERROR an inner attribute is not permitted in this context
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = #[attr] &mut #![attr] 0; }
 //~^ ERROR an inner attribute is not permitted in this context
-#[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = #[attr] if 0 {}; }
-//~^ ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 #[attr] {}; }
 //~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 {#![attr]}; }
@@ -51,14 +49,11 @@ fn main() {}
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 {} else {#![attr]}; }
 //~^ ERROR an inner attribute is not permitted in this context
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 {} else #[attr] if 0 {}; }
-//~^ ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
-//~| ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
+//~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 {} else if 0 #[attr] {}; }
 //~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if 0 {} else if 0 {#![attr]}; }
 //~^ ERROR an inner attribute is not permitted in this context
-#[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = #[attr] if let _ = 0 {}; }
-//~^ ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 #[attr] {}; }
 //~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 {#![attr]}; }
@@ -70,8 +65,7 @@ fn main() {}
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 {} else {#![attr]}; }
 //~^ ERROR an inner attribute is not permitted in this context
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 {} else #[attr] if let _ = 0 {}; }
-//~^ ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
-//~| ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
+//~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 {} else if let _ = 0 #[attr] {}; }
 //~^ ERROR expected `{`, found `#`
 #[cfg(FALSE)] fn e() { let _ = if let _ = 0 {} else if let _ = 0 {#![attr]}; }

src/test/ui/parser/if-attrs/cfg-false-if-attr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// check-pass
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn simple_attr() {
+    #[attr] if true {}
+    #[allow_warnings] if true {}
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn if_else_chain() {
+    #[first_attr] if true {
+    } else if false {
+    } else {
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn if_let() {
+    #[attr] if let Some(_) = Some(true) {}
+}
+
+macro_rules! custom_macro {
+    ($expr:expr) => {}
+}
+
+custom_macro! {
+    #[attr] if true {}
+}
+
+
+fn main() {}

src/test/ui/parser/if-attrs/else-attrs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn if_else_parse_error() {
+    if true {
+    } #[attr] else if false { //~ ERROR expected
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn else_attr_ifparse_error() {
+    if true {
+    } else #[attr] if false { //~ ERROR expected
+    } else {
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn else_parse_error() {
+    if true {
+    } else if false {
+    } #[attr] else { //~ ERROR expected
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+}

src/test/ui/parser/if-attrs/else-attrs.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+error: expected expression, found keyword `else`
+  --> $DIR/else-attrs.rs:4:15
+   |
+LL |     } #[attr] else if false {
+   |               ^^^^ expected expression
+
+error: expected `{`, found `#`
+  --> $DIR/else-attrs.rs:11:12
+   |
+LL |     } else #[attr] if false {
+   |            ^ expected `{`
+   |
+help: try placing this code inside a block
+   |
+LL |     } else #[attr] { if false {
+LL |     } else {
+LL |     } }
+   |
+
+error: expected expression, found keyword `else`
+  --> $DIR/else-attrs.rs:20:15
+   |
+LL |     } #[attr] else {
+   |               ^^^^ expected expression
+
+error: aborting due to 3 previous errors
+

src/test/ui/parser/if-attrs/let-chains-attr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// check-pass
+
+#![feature(let_chains)] //~ WARN the feature `let_chains` is incomplete
+
+#[cfg(FALSE)]
+fn foo() {
+    #[attr]
+    if let Some(_) = Some(true) && let Ok(_) = Ok(1) {
+    } else if let Some(false) = Some(true) {
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {}

src/test/ui/parser/if-attrs/let-chains-attr.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+warning: the feature `let_chains` is incomplete and may cause the compiler to crash
+  --> $DIR/let-chains-attr.rs:3:12
+   |
+LL | #![feature(let_chains)]
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: `#[warn(incomplete_features)]` on by default
+

src/test/ui/parser/recovery-attr-on-if.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 fn main() {
     #[attr] if true {};
     //~^ ERROR cannot find attribute
-    //~| ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
     #[attr] if true {};
     //~^ ERROR cannot find attribute
-    //~| ERROR attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
     let _recovery_witness: () = 0; //~ ERROR mismatched types
 }

src/test/ui/parser/recovery-attr-on-if.stderr

@@ -1,17 +1,5 @@
-error: attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
-  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:2:5
-   |
-LL |     #[attr] if true {};
-   |     ^^^^^^^
-
-error: attributes are not yet allowed on `if` expressions
-  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:5:5
-   |
-LL |     #[attr] if true {};
-   |     ^^^^^^^
-
 error: cannot find attribute `attr` in this scope
-  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:5:7
+  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:4:7
    |
 LL |     #[attr] if true {};
    |       ^^^^
@@ -23,13 +11,13 @@ LL |     #[attr] if true {};
    |       ^^^^
 
 error[E0308]: mismatched types
-  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:8:33
+  --> $DIR/recovery-attr-on-if.rs:6:33
    |
 LL |     let _recovery_witness: () = 0;
    |                            --   ^ expected `()`, found integer
    |                            |
    |                            expected due to this
 
-error: aborting due to 5 previous errors
+error: aborting due to 3 previous errors
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0308`.