Merge #18

18: move cargo-binutils v0.1.2; add tests r=therealprof a=japaric

this commit does several things:

- it moves to cargo-binutils v0.1.2 simplifying the commands used in the text

- it adds tests (see /ci/script.sh) to test the instructions at different
  stages (see the subdirectories of /ci)

- it replaces lots of code blocks (```) with `{{#include ..}}` to avoid
  repeating code between the text and the tests. This also ensures that the
  tests won't get out of sync with the text.

closes #10

r? @rust-embedded/resources (anyone)

Co-authored-by: Jorge Aparicio <jorge@japaric.io>

Author: bors[bot]

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,5 @@
+.stderr
+.stdout
+Cargo.lock
 book
+target

.travis.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 language: rust
+rust: nightly
+
+addons:
+  apt:
+    packages:
+      - qemu-system-arm
 
 install:
   - bash ci/install.sh

ci/exceptions/app/.cargo

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../memory-layout/.cargo

ci/exceptions/app/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "app"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Jorge Aparicio <jorge@japaric.io>"]
+
+[dependencies]
+rt = { path = "../rt" }

ci/exceptions/app/app.vector_table.objdump

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+app:	file format ELF32-arm-little
+
+Contents of section .vector_table:
+ 0000 00000120 45000000 7f000000 7f000000  ... E...........
+ 0010 7f000000 7f000000 7f000000 00000000  ................
+ 0020 00000000 00000000 00000000 7f000000  ................
+ 0030 00000000 00000000 7f000000 7f000000  ................

ci/exceptions/app/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#![feature(core_intrinsics)]
+#![no_main]
+#![no_std]
+
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate rt;
+
+use core::intrinsics;
+
+entry!(main);
+
+fn main() -> ! {
+    // this executes the undefined instruction (UDF) and causes a HardFault exception
+    unsafe { intrinsics::abort() }
+}

ci/exceptions/app2/.cargo

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../memory-layout/.cargo

ci/exceptions/app2/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../main/app/Cargo.toml

ci/exceptions/app2/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#![feature(core_intrinsics)]
+#![no_main]
+#![no_std]
+
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate rt;
+
+use core::intrinsics;
+
+entry!(main);
+
+fn main() -> ! {
+    unsafe { intrinsics::abort() }
+}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn HardFault() -> ! {
+    // do something interesting here
+    loop {}
+}

ci/exceptions/rt/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../main/rt/Cargo.toml