diff --git a/.github/workflows/read-only.yml b/.github/workflows/read-only.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9db9822384c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/read-only.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: read-only
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ci-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:  # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
+  contents: read
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+jobs:
+  read-only:
+    name: Bundler on read-only system (${{ matrix.ruby.name }})
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        ruby:
+          - { name: ruby-3.1, value: 3.1.6 }
+          - { name: ruby-3.2, value: 3.2.6 }
+          - { name: ruby-3.3, value: 3.3.6 }
+          - { name: ruby-3.4, value: 3.4.1 }
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+      - name: Basic usage on a read-only filesystem
+        run: docker run --mount type=bind,source=.,target=/rubygems --rm --read-only ruby:${{ matrix.ruby.value }} ruby -I/rubygems/bundler/lib -r'bundler/inline' -e 'gemfile {}; puts :ok'
+
+    timeout-minutes: 15
diff --git a/bundler/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb b/bundler/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
index c2ab8f90da4f..0b1234bbf3ad 100644
--- a/bundler/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
+++ b/bundler/lib/bundler/plugin/index.rb
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ def initialize
         rescue GenericSystemCallError
           # no need to fail when on a read-only FS, for example
           nil
+        rescue ArgumentError => e
+          # ruby 3.4 checks writability in Dir.tmpdir
+          raise unless e.message&.include?("could not find a temporary directory")
+          nil
         end
         load_index(local_index_file) if SharedHelpers.in_bundle?
       end
diff --git a/bundler/spec/bundler/plugin/index_spec.rb b/bundler/spec/bundler/plugin/index_spec.rb
index e1f10a0db7d2..565fc9b088e3 100644
--- a/bundler/spec/bundler/plugin/index_spec.rb
+++ b/bundler/spec/bundler/plugin/index_spec.rb
@@ -193,12 +193,4 @@
       include_examples "it cleans up"
     end
   end
-
-  describe "readonly disk without home" do
-    it "ignores being unable to create temp home dir" do
-      expect_any_instance_of(Bundler::Plugin::Index).to receive(:global_index_file).
-        and_raise(Bundler::GenericSystemCallError.new("foo", "bar"))
-      Bundler::Plugin::Index.new
-    end
-  end
 end