Is it possible to enable tabular figures without affecting hyphens everywhere?

[henrebotha]

I want hyphens next to figures to use the tabular variant. I want hyphens everywhere else to not do that. Is this possible?

I suppose not, since a standalone hyphen might well be used in a numeric context (e.g. to indicate the absence of a value in a table). Maybe a better solution would be to say that hyphens that are adjacent to non-tabular characters (letters etc) should use the proportional form.

[kenmcd]

I want hyphens next to figures to use the tabular variant. I want hyphens everywhere else to not do that.

Sounds like you are applying tabular figures to all your text.
Don't do that.

So tnum should not be enabled in your body text style.
Make a character style, and assign a keyboard shortcut.

There is a bunch of other OpenType code affecting the hyphen, so it is doubtful the dev would make a change like this.