Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 't')

[NOCSF]

Why is it that when I use the same ctx to call the injected t (i18n) in the wrong handler, my E_ROW_NOT_FOUND can be caught normally and return i18n information, but E_ROUTE_NOT_FOUND throws an error: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 't')?

import app from '@adonisjs/core/services/app'
import { HttpContext, ExceptionHandler } from '@adonisjs/core/http'
import type { StatusPageRange, StatusPageRenderer } from '@adonisjs/core/types/http'
import { errors } from '@adonisjs/core'
import { errors as modelErrors } from '@adonisjs/lucid'
import { errors as validatorErros } from '@vinejs/vine'
import ApiResource from '#resources/api_resource'

export default class HttpExceptionHandler extends ExceptionHandler {
    /**
     * In debug mode, the exception handler will display verbose errors
     * with pretty printed stack traces.
     */
    protected debug = !app.inProduction

    /**
     * Status pages are used to display a custom HTML pages for certain error
     * codes. You might want to enable them in production only, but feel
     * free to enable them in development as well.
     */
    protected renderStatusPages = app.inProduction

    /**
     * Status pages is a collection of error code range and a callback
     * to return the HTML contents to send as a response.
     */
    protected statusPages: Record<StatusPageRange, StatusPageRenderer> = {
        '404': (error, { inertia }) => inertia.render('errors/not_found', { error }),
        '500..599': (error, { inertia }) => inertia.render('errors/server_error', { error }),
    }

    /**
     * The method is used for handling errors and returning
     * response to the client
     */
    async handle(error: unknown, ctx: HttpContext) {
        // 404 路由
        if (error instanceof errors.E_ROUTE_NOT_FOUND) {
            ctx.response
                .status(404)
                .send(ApiResource.error(404, ctx.i18n.t(`errors.routeNotFound`)))
            return
        }

        // 404 模型
        if (error instanceof modelErrors.E_ROW_NOT_FOUND) {
            ctx.response
                .status(404)
                .send(ApiResource.error(404, ctx.i18n.t(`errors.modelNotFound`)))
            return
        }

        // 422 验证
        if (error instanceof validatorErros.E_VALIDATION_ERROR) {
            ctx.response
                .status(422)
                .send(
                    ApiResource.error(422, ctx.i18n.t(`errors.validationFailure`), error.messages)
                )
            return
        }

        // if (error instanceof errors.E_HTTP_EXCEPTION) {
        //     ctx.response.status(500).send(ApiResource.error(500, error.message, error.stack))
        // }

        return super.handle(error, ctx)
    }
    /**
     * The method is used to report error to the logging service or
     * the a third party error monitoring service.
     *
     * @note You should not attempt to send a response from this method.
     */
    async report(error: unknown, ctx: HttpContext) {
        return super.report(error, ctx)
    }
}