Cat states

[pehamTom]

Description

This PR introduces functionality for constructing high-distance fault-tolerant cat (GHZ) state preparation circuits using two cat states and a transversal CNOT.

TODO

• Add combinatorial search methods
• Update Docs
• Add Circuits

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are focused and relevant to this change.
• I have added appropriate tests that cover the new/changed functionality.
• I have updated the documentation to reflect these changes.
• I have added entries to the changelog for any noteworthy additions, changes, fixes, or removals.
• I have added migration instructions to the upgrade guide (if needed).
• The changes follow the project's style guidelines and introduce no new warnings.
• The changes are fully tested and pass the CI checks.
• I have reviewed my own code changes.