✨ Simulation of Deterministic State Preparation Circuits using Stim

[pehamTom]

What's the problem this feature will solve?

Currently, simulations of deterministic circuits are done using the qsample package. Due to issues with that library, it would be good to have an alternative simulator based on stim, for example.

Describe the solution you'd like

qsample is useful for FTQC protocols with branching paths based on measurement outcomes. This can, in principle, also be achieved using stim circuits. Since stim is based on Monte-Carlo simulation, the number of samples required to achieve the same results as with qsample might be quite large. Since we only deal with $d<5$ codes, this should not be prohibitive, though.

Implementation-wise, the NoisyDFTStatePrepSimulator could have a flag in the __init__ method to choose the simulator, or there might be dedicated simulators depending on the simulation backend.