Consider switching the base image to debian:bullseye

[microamp]

Using ubuntu:22.04, the ondrej/php PPA is needed to install PHP 7.4. Debian 11 (Bullseye), on the other hand, includes PHP 7.4 that can be installed using apt.

docker run -it --rm debian:bullseye bash

apt update

apt info php7.4

Package: php7.4
Version: 7.4.33-1+deb11u4
Priority: optional
Section: php
Maintainer: Debian PHP Maintainers <team+pkg-php@tracker.debian.org>
Installed-Size: 87.0 kB
Provides: php
Depends: libapache2-mod-php7.4 | php7.4-fpm | php7.4-cgi, php7.4-common
Homepage: http://www.php.net/
Download-Size: 50.7 kB
APT-Sources: http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages
Description: server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (metapackage)

apt info php7.4-mysql

Package: php7.4-mysql
Version: 7.4.33-1+deb11u4
Priority: optional
Section: php
Source: php7.4
Maintainer: Debian PHP Maintainers <team+pkg-php@tracker.debian.org>
Installed-Size: 470 kB
Provides: php-mysqli, php-mysqlnd, php-pdo-mysql, php7.4-mysqli, php7.4-mysqlnd, php7.4-pdo-mysql
Depends: php-common (>= 1:73), ucf, php7.4-common (= 7.4.33-1+deb11u4), libc6 (>= 2.15)
Homepage: http://www.php.net/
Download-Size: 121 kB
APT-Sources: http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages
Description: MySQL module for PHP