diff --git a/filament/backend/CMakeLists.txt b/filament/backend/CMakeLists.txt
index 058536689f6a..c63ef9efa5b6 100644
--- a/filament/backend/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/filament/backend/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -204,6 +204,8 @@ if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_VULKAN)
             src/vulkan/VulkanDriverFactory.h
             src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.cpp
             src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h
+            src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.cpp
+            src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.h
             src/vulkan/VulkanFboCache.cpp
             src/vulkan/VulkanFboCache.h
             src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.cpp
diff --git a/filament/backend/include/backend/Platform.h b/filament/backend/include/backend/Platform.h
index 2b2fc1678f6b..0202bb232bc7 100644
--- a/filament/backend/include/backend/Platform.h
+++ b/filament/backend/include/backend/Platform.h
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ class UTILS_PUBLIC Platform {
         ExternalImageHandle& operator=(ExternalImageHandle const& rhs) noexcept;
         ExternalImageHandle& operator=(ExternalImageHandle&& rhs) noexcept;
 
+        bool operator==(const ExternalImageHandle& rhs) const noexcept {
+            return mTarget == rhs.mTarget;
+        }
         explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return mTarget != nullptr; }
 
         ExternalImage* UTILS_NULLABLE get() noexcept { return mTarget; }
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.cpp
index 3fc5697c5ad3..1ebc49584c29 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "VulkanCommands.h"
 #include "VulkanHandles.h"
 #include "VulkanConstants.h"
+#include "utils/compiler.h"
 
 #include <utils/FixedCapacityVector.h>
 #include <utils/Panic.h>
@@ -31,6 +32,18 @@ namespace filament::backend {
 
 namespace {
 
+using Bitmask = fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask;
+static_assert(sizeof(Bitmask) * 8 == fvkutils::MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SET_BITMASK_BITS);
+
+Bitmask foldBitsInHalf(Bitmask bitset) {
+    Bitmask outBitset;
+    bitset.forEachSetBit([&](size_t index) {
+        constexpr size_t BITMASK_LOWER_BITS_LEN = sizeof(outBitset) * 4;
+        outBitset.set(index % BITMASK_LOWER_BITS_LEN);
+    });
+    return outBitset;
+}
+
 using DescriptorSetLayoutArray = VulkanDescriptorSetCache::DescriptorSetLayoutArray;
 using DescriptorCount = VulkanDescriptorSetCache::DescriptorCount;
 
@@ -304,8 +317,7 @@ void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::commit(VulkanCommandBuffer* commands,
         // This code actually binds the descriptor sets.
         auto set = updateSets[index];
         VkCommandBuffer const cmdbuffer = commands->buffer();
-        VkDescriptorSet vkset = useExternalSamplers[index] ? set->getExternalSamplerVkSet() :
-            set->getVkSet();
+        VkDescriptorSet const vkset = set->getVkSet();
         commands->acquire(set);
         vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmdbuffer, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, index,
                 1, &vkset, set->uniqueDynamicUboCount, set->getOffsets()->data());
@@ -341,17 +353,39 @@ void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateBuffer(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescri
         .pBufferInfo = &info,
     };
     vkUpdateDescriptorSets(mDevice, 1, &descriptorWrite, 0, nullptr);
-
-    if (auto externalSamplerSet = set->getExternalSamplerVkSet();
-            externalSamplerSet != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-        descriptorWrite.dstSet = externalSamplerSet;
-        vkUpdateDescriptorSets(mDevice, 1, &descriptorWrite, 0, nullptr);
-    }
     set->acquire(bufferObject);
 }
 
-void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateSamplerImpl(VkDescriptorSet vkset, uint8_t binding,
-        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture, VkSampler sampler) noexcept {
+void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateSampler(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set,
+        uint8_t binding, fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture,
+        VkSampler sampler, VkDescriptorSetLayout externalSamplerLayout) noexcept {
+
+    // We have to update a bound set for two use cases
+    //   - streaming API (a changing feed of AHardwareBuffer)
+    //   - external samplers - potential changing of dataspace per-frame
+    if (UTILS_UNLIKELY(set->isBound())) {
+        auto layout = set->getLayout();
+        // Build a new descriptor set from the new layout
+        auto genLayout = externalSamplerLayout != VK_NULL_HANDLE ?
+                externalSamplerLayout : layout->getVkLayout();
+        VkDescriptorSet const newSet = getVkSet(layout->count, genLayout);
+        Bitmask const ubo = layout->bitmask.ubo | layout->bitmask.dynamicUbo;
+        Bitmask samplers = layout->bitmask.sampler;
+        samplers.unset(binding);
+
+        // Each bitmask denotes a binding index, and separated into two stages - vertex and buffer
+        // We fold the two stages into just the lower half of the bits to denote a combined set of
+        // bindings.
+        Bitmask const copyBindings = foldBitsInHalf(ubo | samplers);
+        VkDescriptorSet const srcSet = set->getVkSet();
+        copySet(srcSet, newSet, copyBindings);
+        set->addNewSet(newSet,
+                [this, layoutCount = layout->count, genLayout, newSet](VulkanDescriptorSet*) {
+                    this->manualRecycle(layoutCount, genLayout, newSet);
+                });
+    }
+
+    VkDescriptorSet const vkset = set->getVkSet();
     VkImageSubresourceRange range = texture->getPrimaryViewRange();
     VkImageViewType const expectedType = texture->getViewType();
     if (any(texture->usage & TextureUsage::DEPTH_ATTACHMENT) &&
@@ -376,19 +410,6 @@ void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateSamplerImpl(VkDescriptorSet vkset, uint8_t
         .pImageInfo = &info,
     };
     vkUpdateDescriptorSets(mDevice, 1, &descriptorWrite, 0, nullptr);
-}
-
-void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateSampler(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set,
-        uint8_t binding, fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture,
-        VkSampler sampler) noexcept {
-    updateSamplerImpl(set->getVkSet(), binding, texture, sampler);
-    set->acquire(texture);
-}
-
-void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::updateSamplerForExternalSamplerSet(
-        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set, uint8_t binding,
-        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture) noexcept {
-    updateSamplerImpl(set->getExternalSamplerVkSet(), binding, texture, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
     set->acquire(texture);
 }
 
@@ -405,7 +426,7 @@ fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> VulkanDescriptorSetCache::createSet
     auto const& count = layout->count;
     auto const vklayout = layout->getVkLayout();
     auto set = fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet>::make(
-            mResourceManager, handle, layout->bitmask.dynamicUbo, layout->count.dynamicUbo,
+            mResourceManager, handle, layout,
             [vkSet, count, vklayout, this](
                     VulkanDescriptorSet*) { this->manualRecycle(count, vklayout, vkSet); },
             vkSet);
@@ -428,4 +449,22 @@ void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::manualRecycle(VulkanDescriptorSetLayout::Count co
 
 void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::gc() { mStashedSets = {}; }
 
+void VulkanDescriptorSetCache::copySet(VkDescriptorSet srcSet, VkDescriptorSet dstSet,
+        fvkutils::SamplerBitmask bindings) const {
+    // TODO: fix the size for better memory management
+    std::vector<VkCopyDescriptorSet> copies;
+    bindings.forEachSetBit([&](size_t index) {
+        copies.push_back({
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COPY_DESCRIPTOR_SET,
+            .srcSet = srcSet,
+            .srcBinding = (uint32_t) index,
+            .dstSet = dstSet,
+            .dstBinding = (uint32_t) index,
+            .descriptorCount = 1,
+        });
+    });
+    vkUpdateDescriptorSets(mDevice, 0, nullptr, copies.size(), copies.data());
+}
+
+
 } // namespace filament::backend
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h
index d19209fbcdcc..135fdad59e30 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ class VulkanDescriptorSetCache {
             VkDeviceSize size) noexcept;
 
     void updateSampler(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set, uint8_t binding,
-            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture, VkSampler sampler) noexcept;
+            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture, VkSampler sampler,
+            VkDescriptorSetLayout externalSamplerLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE) noexcept;
 
     void updateSamplerForExternalSamplerSet(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set, uint8_t binding,
             fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture) noexcept;
@@ -90,8 +91,8 @@ class VulkanDescriptorSetCache {
     void resetCachedState() noexcept { mLastBoundInfo = {}; }
 
 private:
-    void updateSamplerImpl(VkDescriptorSet set, uint8_t binding,
-            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> texture, VkSampler sampler) noexcept;
+    void copySet(VkDescriptorSet srcSet, VkDescriptorSet destSet,
+            fvkutils::SamplerBitmask copyBindings) const;
 
     class DescriptorInfinitePool;
 
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.cpp
index 510af3e3acda..974385b7f14d 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "vulkan/memory/ResourcePointer.h"
 #include "vulkan/utils/Conversion.h"
 #include "vulkan/utils/Definitions.h"
+#include "vulkan/utils/Image.h"
 
 #include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
 #include <backend/platforms/VulkanPlatform.h>
@@ -148,6 +149,31 @@ static CallbackHandler::Callback syncCallbackWrapper = [](void* userData) {
     cbData->cb(cbData->sync, cbData->userData);
 };
 
+// This needs to be discussed because Vulkan has different default Matrix formats
+// right now this is following GL.
+static void copyMat3f(void* addr, size_t const offset, const math::mat3f& v) noexcept {
+    struct mat43 {
+        float v[3][4];
+    };
+
+    addr = static_cast<char*>(addr) + offset;
+    mat43& temp = *static_cast<mat43*>(addr);
+
+    temp.v[0][0] = v[0][0];
+    temp.v[0][1] = v[0][1];
+    temp.v[0][2] = v[0][2];
+
+    temp.v[1][0] = v[1][0];
+    temp.v[1][1] = v[1][1];
+    temp.v[1][2] = v[1][2];
+
+    temp.v[2][0] = v[2][0];
+    temp.v[2][1] = v[2][1];
+    temp.v[2][2] = v[2][2];
+
+    // don't store anything in temp.v[][3] because there could be uniforms packed there
+}
+
 }// anonymous namespace
 
 #if FVK_ENABLED(FVK_DEBUG_DEBUG_UTILS)
@@ -243,6 +269,7 @@ VulkanDriver::VulkanDriver(VulkanPlatform* platform, VulkanContext& context,
       mQueryManager(mPlatform->getDevice()),
       mExternalImageManager(platform, &mSamplerCache, &mYcbcrConversionCache, &mDescriptorSetCache,
               &mDescriptorSetLayoutCache),
+      mStreamedImageManager(&mExternalImageManager),
       mIsSRGBSwapChainSupported(mPlatform->getCustomization().isSRGBSwapChainSupported),
       mIsMSAASwapChainSupported(false), // TODO: support MSAA swapchain
       mStereoscopicType(driverConfig.stereoscopicType) {
@@ -478,6 +505,9 @@ void VulkanDriver::updateDescriptorSetTexture(
     if (UTILS_UNLIKELY(mExternalImageManager.isExternallySampledTexture(texture))) {
         mExternalImageManager.bindExternallySampledTexture(set, binding, texture, params);
         mAppState.hasBoundExternalImages = true;
+    } else if (bool(texture->getStream())) {
+        mStreamedImageManager.bindStreamedTexture(set, binding, texture, params);
+        mAppState.hasBoundExternalImages = true;
     } else {
         VulkanSamplerCache::Params cacheParams = {
             .sampler = params,
@@ -485,6 +515,7 @@ void VulkanDriver::updateDescriptorSetTexture(
         VkSampler const vksampler = mSamplerCache.getSampler(cacheParams);
         mDescriptorSetCache.updateSampler(set, binding, texture, vksampler);
         mExternalImageManager.clearTextureBinding(set, binding);
+        mStreamedImageManager.unbindStreamedTexture(set, binding);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1109,6 +1140,12 @@ void VulkanDriver::destroySwapChain(Handle<HwSwapChain> sch) {
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::destroyStream(Handle<HwStream> sh) {
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    if (!sh) {
+        return;
+    }
+    auto stream = resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::cast(&mResourceManager, sh);
+    stream.dec();
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::destroySync(Handle<HwSync> sh) {
@@ -1146,18 +1183,39 @@ void VulkanDriver::destroyDescriptorSet(Handle<HwDescriptorSet> dsh) {
 }
 
 Handle<HwStream> VulkanDriver::createStreamNative(void* nativeStream, utils::ImmutableCString tag) {
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(false) << "createStreamNative not supported in Vulkan.";
     return {};
 }
 
 Handle<HwStream> VulkanDriver::createStreamAcquired(utils::ImmutableCString tag) {
-    return {};
+    // @TODO This is still not thread-safe. We might have to revisit this question.
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    auto handle = mResourceManager.allocHandle<VulkanStream>();
+    auto stream = resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::make(&mResourceManager, handle);
+    stream.inc();
+    return handle;
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::setAcquiredImage(Handle<HwStream> sh, void* image, const math::mat3f& transform,
         CallbackHandler* handler, StreamCallback cb, void* userData) {
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    auto stream = resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::cast(&mResourceManager, sh);
+    assert_invariant(stream->streamType == StreamType::ACQUIRED);
+    assert_invariant(image != nullptr);
+    // This covers the case where setAcquiredImage is called back to back (no updateStreams in between)
+    if (stream->previousNeedsRelease()) {
+        scheduleRelease(stream->takePrevious());
+    }
+    stream->acquire({ image, cb, userData, handler});
+    stream->setFrontEndTransform(transform);
+    mStreamsWithPendingAcquiredImage.push_back(stream);
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::setStreamDimensions(Handle<HwStream> sh, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    auto stream = resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::cast(&mResourceManager, sh);
+    stream->width = width;
+    stream->height = height;
 }
 
 int64_t VulkanDriver::getStreamTimestamp(Handle<HwStream> sh) {
@@ -1165,6 +1223,72 @@ int64_t VulkanDriver::getStreamTimestamp(Handle<HwStream> sh) {
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::updateStreams(CommandStream* driver) {
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    if (UTILS_UNLIKELY(!mStreamsWithPendingAcquiredImage.empty())) {
+        for (auto& stream: mStreamsWithPendingAcquiredImage) {
+            if (stream->previousNeedsRelease()) {
+                scheduleRelease(stream->takePrevious());
+            }
+
+            // This executes on the backend thread (updateStreams is synchonous which means it
+            // executes on the user thread) Note: stream is captured by copy which is fine, this is
+            // a copy of a resource_ptr<VulkanStream>. We only need it find the associated stream
+            // inside the mStreamedImageManager texture bindings
+            driver->queueCommand([this, stream, s = stream.get(),
+                                        image = stream->getAcquired().image,
+                                        transform = stream->getFrontEndTransform()]() {
+                auto texture = s->getTexture(image);
+                s->setBackendTransform(transform);
+                if (!texture) {
+                    auto externalImage = fvkutils::createExternalImageFromRaw(mPlatform, image, false);
+                    auto metadata = mPlatform->extractExternalImageMetadata(externalImage);
+                    auto imgData = mPlatform->createVkImageFromExternal(externalImage);
+
+                    assert_invariant(imgData.internal.valid() || imgData.external.valid());
+
+                    VkFormat vkformat = metadata.format;
+                    VkImage vkimage = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+                    VkDeviceMemory memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+                    if (imgData.internal.valid()) {
+                        metadata.externalFormat = 0;
+                        vkimage = imgData.internal.image;
+                        memory = imgData.internal.memory;
+                    } else {
+                        vkformat = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
+                        vkimage = imgData.external.image;
+                        memory = imgData.external.memory;
+                    }
+
+                    VkSamplerYcbcrConversion const conversion =
+                            mExternalImageManager.getVkSamplerYcbcrConversion(metadata);
+
+                    auto newTexture = resource_ptr<VulkanTexture>::construct(&mResourceManager,
+                            mContext, mPlatform->getDevice(), mAllocator, &mResourceManager,
+                            &mCommands, vkimage, memory, vkformat, conversion, metadata.samples,
+                            metadata.width, metadata.height, metadata.layers,
+                            metadata.filamentUsage, mStagePool);
+
+                    auto& commands = mCommands.get();
+                    // Unlike uploaded textures or swapchains, we need to explicit transition this
+                    // texture into the read layout.
+                    newTexture->transitionLayout(&commands, newTexture->getPrimaryViewRange(),
+                            VulkanLayout::FRAG_READ);
+
+                    if (imgData.external.valid()) {
+                        mExternalImageManager.addExternallySampledTexture(newTexture,
+                                externalImage);
+                        // Cache the AHB backed image. Acquires the image here.
+                        s->pushImage(image, newTexture);
+                    }
+
+                    texture = newTexture;
+                }
+
+                mStreamedImageManager.onStreamAcquireImage(texture, stream);
+            });
+        }
+        mStreamsWithPendingAcquiredImage.clear();
+    }
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::destroyFence(Handle<HwFence> fh) {
@@ -1449,7 +1573,9 @@ void VulkanDriver::updateIndexBuffer(Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, BufferDescriptor
 
 void VulkanDriver::registerBufferObjectStreams(Handle<HwBufferObject> boh,
         BufferObjectStreamDescriptor&& streams) {
-    // Noop
+
+    auto bo = resource_ptr<VulkanBufferObject>::cast(&mResourceManager, boh);
+    mStreamUniformDescriptors[bo.get()] = std::move(streams);
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::updateBufferObject(Handle<HwBufferObject> boh, BufferDescriptor&& bd,
@@ -1458,6 +1584,34 @@ void VulkanDriver::updateBufferObject(Handle<HwBufferObject> boh, BufferDescript
 
     auto bo = resource_ptr<VulkanBufferObject>::cast(&mResourceManager, boh);
     commands.acquire(bo);
+
+    if (UTILS_UNLIKELY(!mStreamUniformDescriptors.empty())) {
+        auto streamDescriptors = mStreamUniformDescriptors.find(bo.get());
+        if (streamDescriptors != mStreamUniformDescriptors.end()) {
+            for (auto const& [offset, streamHandle, associationType]:
+                    streamDescriptors->second.mStreams) {
+                if (associationType == BufferObjectStreamAssociationType::TRANSFORM_MATRIX) {
+                    math::mat3f transform;
+                    if (streamHandle) {
+                        auto stream =
+                                resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::cast(&mResourceManager, streamHandle);
+                        if (stream->streamType == StreamType::NATIVE) {
+                            FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(false)
+                                    << "Native Stream not supported in Vulkan.";
+                        } else {
+                            // Backend call since getStreamTransformMatrix is called from async
+                            // updateBufferObject.
+                            transform = stream->getBackEndTransform();
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    copyMat3f(bd.buffer, offset, transform);
+                }
+            }
+            mStreamUniformDescriptors.erase(streamDescriptors);
+        }
+    }
+
     bo->loadFromCpu(commands, bd.buffer, byteOffset, bd.size);
 
     scheduleDestroy(std::move(bd));
@@ -1525,6 +1679,12 @@ TimerQueryResult VulkanDriver::getTimerQueryValue(Handle<HwTimerQuery> tqh, uint
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::setExternalStream(Handle<HwTexture> th, Handle<HwStream> sh) {
+    FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
+    auto t = resource_ptr<VulkanTexture>::cast(&mResourceManager, th);
+    assert_invariant(t);
+    auto s = resource_ptr<VulkanStream>::cast(&mResourceManager, sh);
+    assert_invariant(s);
+    t->setStream(s);
 }
 
 void VulkanDriver::generateMipmaps(Handle<HwTexture> th) {
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.h
index 85ce2943b4e0..a1f6a4a95fe5 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h"
 #include "vulkan/VulkanDescriptorSetLayoutCache.h"
 #include "vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h"
+#include "vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.h"
 #include "vulkan/VulkanPipelineLayoutCache.h"
 #include "vulkan/memory/ResourceManager.h"
 #include "vulkan/memory/ResourcePointer.h"
@@ -161,6 +162,12 @@ class VulkanDriver final : public DriverBase {
     VulkanDescriptorSetCache mDescriptorSetCache;
     VulkanQueryManager mQueryManager;
     VulkanExternalImageManager mExternalImageManager;
+    VulkanStreamedImageManager mStreamedImageManager;
+
+    // Stream transforms
+    std::unordered_map<VulkanBufferObject*, BufferObjectStreamDescriptor> mStreamUniformDescriptors;
+    math::mat3f getStreamTransformMatrix(Handle<HwStream> sh);
+
 
     // This is necessary for us to write to push constants after binding a pipeline.
     using DescriptorSetLayoutHandleList = std::array<resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSetLayout>,
@@ -197,6 +204,10 @@ class VulkanDriver final : public DriverBase {
     bool const mIsSRGBSwapChainSupported;
     bool const mIsMSAASwapChainSupported;
     backend::StereoscopicType const mStereoscopicType;
+
+    // setAcquiredImage is a DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_N which means we don't necessarily have the
+    // data to process it at call time. So we store it and process it during updateStreams.
+    std::vector<resource_ptr<VulkanStream>> mStreamsWithPendingAcquiredImage;
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
     AndroidProducerThrottling mProducerThrottling;
 #endif
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.cpp
index 18ecd0264258..585acb0f59e5 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.cpp
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ namespace filament::backend {
 
 namespace {
 
-using Bitmask = fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask;
-static_assert(sizeof(Bitmask) * 8 == fvkutils::MAX_DESCRIPTOR_SET_BITMASK_BITS);
-
 template<typename T>
 void erasep(std::vector<T>& v, std::function<bool(T const&)> f) {
     auto newEnd = std::remove_if(v.begin(), v.end(), f);
@@ -50,31 +47,6 @@ ImageData& findImage(std::vector<ImageData>& images,
     return *itr;
 }
 
-void copySet(VkDevice device, VkDescriptorSet srcSet, VkDescriptorSet dstSet, Bitmask bindings) {
-    // TODO: fix the size for better memory management
-    std::vector<VkCopyDescriptorSet> copies;
-    bindings.forEachSetBit([&](size_t index) {
-        copies.push_back({
-            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COPY_DESCRIPTOR_SET,
-            .srcSet = srcSet,
-            .srcBinding = (uint32_t) index,
-            .dstSet = dstSet,
-            .dstBinding = (uint32_t) index,
-            .descriptorCount = 1,
-        });
-    });
-    vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, 0, nullptr, copies.size(), copies.data());
-}
-
-Bitmask foldBitsInHalf(Bitmask bitset) {
-    Bitmask outBitset;
-    bitset.forEachSetBit([&](size_t index) {
-        constexpr size_t BITMASK_LOWER_BITS_LEN = sizeof(outBitset) * 4;
-        outBitset.set(index % BITMASK_LOWER_BITS_LEN);
-    });
-    return outBitset;
-}
-
 }// namespace
 
 VulkanExternalImageManager::VulkanExternalImageManager(VulkanPlatform* platform,
@@ -172,38 +144,13 @@ void VulkanExternalImageManager::updateSetAndLayout(
     std::for_each(samplerAndBindings.begin(), samplerAndBindings.end(),
             [&](auto const& b) { outSamplers.push_back(std::get<1>(b)); });
 
-    VkDescriptorSetLayout const oldLayout = layout->getExternalSamplerVkLayout();
     VkDescriptorSetLayout const newLayout = mDescriptorSetLayoutCache->getVkLayout(layout->bitmask,
             actualExternalSamplers, outSamplers);
-
-    // Need to copy the set
-    VkDescriptorSet const oldSet = set->getExternalSamplerVkSet();
-    if (oldLayout != newLayout || oldSet == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
-        // Build a new descriptor set from the new layout
-        VkDescriptorSet const newSet = mDescriptorSetCache->getVkSet(layout->count, newLayout);
-        auto const ubo = layout->bitmask.ubo | layout->bitmask.dynamicUbo;
-        auto const samplers = layout->bitmask.sampler & (~actualExternalSamplers);
-
-        // Each bitmask denotes a binding index, and separated into two stages - vertex and buffer
-        // We fold the two stages into just the lower half of the bits to denote a combined set of
-        // bindings.
-        Bitmask const copyBindings = foldBitsInHalf(ubo | samplers);
-        VkDescriptorSet const srcSet = oldSet != VK_NULL_HANDLE ? oldSet : set->getVkSet();
-        copySet(mPlatform->getDevice(), srcSet, newSet, copyBindings);
-
-        set->setExternalSamplerVkSet(newSet,
-                [&descriptorSetCache = mDescriptorSetCache, layoutCount = layout->count, newLayout,
-                        newSet](VulkanDescriptorSet*) {
-                    descriptorSetCache->manualRecycle(layoutCount, newLayout, newSet);
-                });
-        if (oldLayout != newLayout) {
-            layout->setExternalSamplerVkLayout(newLayout);
-        }
-    }
-
+    layout->setExternalSamplerVkLayout(newLayout);
     // Update the external samplers in the set
     for (auto& [binding, sampler, image]: samplerAndBindings) {
-        mDescriptorSetCache->updateSamplerForExternalSamplerSet(set, binding, image);
+        mDescriptorSetCache->updateSampler(set, binding, image, VK_NULL_HANDLE /*sampler*/,
+                newLayout);
     }
 }
 
@@ -261,7 +208,17 @@ void VulkanExternalImageManager::bindExternallySampledTexture(
         fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image, SamplerParams samplerParams) {
     // Should we do duplicate validation here?
     auto& imageData = findImage(mImages, image);
-    mSetBindings.push_back({ bindingPoint, imageData.image, set, samplerParams });
+    auto itr = std::find_if(mSetBindings.begin(), mSetBindings.end(),
+            [&](SetBindingInfo const& binding) {
+                return (binding.set == set && binding.binding == bindingPoint);
+            });
+    if (itr == mSetBindings.end()) {
+        mSetBindings.push_back({ bindingPoint, imageData.image, set, samplerParams });
+    } else {
+        // override the image data in the binding point
+        itr->image = image;
+        itr->samplerParams = samplerParams;
+    }
 }
 
 void VulkanExternalImageManager::addExternallySampledTexture(
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h
index 0f3173fc5ebf..399361532a3d 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanExternalImageManager.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class VulkanSamplerCache;
 class VulkanDescriptorSetLayoutCache;
 class VulkanDescriptorSetCache;
 
-// Manages the logic of external images and their quirks wrt Vulikan.
+// Manages the logic of external images and their quirks wrt Vulkan.
 class VulkanExternalImageManager {
 public:
 
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.cpp
index c2eef217a48b..5b72ae402020 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@ namespace filament::backend {
 
 namespace {
 
+// We don't have a good estimate for this magic number. This is used to remove empty
+// slots from a descriptor set (a VulkanDescriptorset is backed by multiple
+// VkDescriptorSet.
+size_t DESCRIPTOR_SET_GC_LIMIT = 10;
+
 inline VulkanBufferBinding getBufferObjectBinding(BufferObjectBinding bindingType) noexcept {
     switch (bindingType) {
         case BufferObjectBinding::VERTEX:
@@ -192,15 +197,70 @@ VulkanDescriptorSetLayout::Bitmask VulkanDescriptorSetLayout::Bitmask::fromLayou
     return fromBackendLayout(layout);
 }
 
-// This method will store an age associated with this command buffer into the VulkanBuffer, which
-// will allow us to determine whether a barrier is necessary or not.
+VulkanDescriptorSet::~VulkanDescriptorSet() {
+    for (auto setBundle: mSets) {
+        if (setBundle.onRecycleFn) {
+            setBundle.onRecycleFn(this);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+VulkanDescriptorSet::VulkanDescriptorSet(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSetLayout> layout,
+        OnRecycle&& onRecycleFn, VkDescriptorSet vkSet)
+    : dynamicUboMask(layout->bitmask.dynamicUbo),
+      uniqueDynamicUboCount(layout->count.dynamicUbo),
+      mLayout(layout),
+      mCurrentSetIndex(0) {
+    addNewSet(vkSet, std::move(onRecycleFn));
+}
+
 void VulkanDescriptorSet::referencedBy(VulkanCommandBuffer& commands) {
+    // This will store an age associated with this command buffer into the VulkanBuffer, which
+    // will allow us to determine whether a barrier is necessary or not.
     mUboMask.forEachSetBit([this, &commands](size_t index) {
         auto& res = mResources[index];
         fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanBufferObject> bo =
                 fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanBufferObject>::cast((VulkanBufferObject*) res.get());
         bo->referencedBy(commands);
     });
+    mSets[mCurrentSetIndex].fenceStatus = commands.getFenceStatus();
+}
+
+void VulkanDescriptorSet::gc() {
+    size_t empty = 0;
+    for (auto& setBundle: mSets) {
+        assert_invariant(setBundle.onRecycleFn);
+        if (setBundle.vkSet == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+            empty++;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (setBundle.fenceStatus && setBundle.fenceStatus->getStatus() == VK_SUCCESS) {
+            setBundle.onRecycleFn(this);
+            setBundle.vkSet = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+            setBundle.fenceStatus = {};
+            empty++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (empty > DESCRIPTOR_SET_GC_LIMIT) {
+        std::vector<InternalVkSet> retainedSets;
+        for (auto& setBundle: mSets) {
+            if (setBundle.vkSet != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+                retainedSets.push_back({
+                    setBundle.vkSet,
+                    std::move(setBundle.onRecycleFn),
+                    std::move(setBundle.fenceStatus)
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        std::swap(mSets, retainedSets);
+    }
+}
+
+void VulkanDescriptorSet::addNewSet(VkDescriptorSet vkSet, OnRecycle&& onRecycleFn) {
+    gc();
+    mCurrentSetIndex = mSets.size();
+    mSets.push_back({ vkSet, std::move(onRecycleFn) });
 }
 
 PushConstantDescription::PushConstantDescription(backend::Program const& program) {
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.h
index e185d750be26..50277639f14d 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanHandles.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "VulkanTexture.h"
 #include "vulkan/VulkanCommands.h"
 #include "vulkan/memory/Resource.h"
+#include "vulkan/memory/ResourcePointer.h"
 #include "vulkan/utils/Definitions.h"
 #include "vulkan/utils/StaticVector.h"
 
@@ -57,6 +58,8 @@ inline uint8_t collapsedCount(Bitmask const& mask) {
 
 } // anonymous namespace
 
+class VulkanDescriptorSetCache;
+
 struct VulkanBufferObject;
 
 struct VulkanDescriptorSetLayout : public HwDescriptorSetLayout, fvkmemory::Resource {
@@ -159,38 +162,14 @@ struct VulkanDescriptorSet : public HwDescriptorSet, fvkmemory::Resource {
     using OnRecycle = std::function<void(VulkanDescriptorSet*)>;
 
     VulkanDescriptorSet(
-            fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask const& dynamicUboMask,
-            uint8_t uniqueDynamicUboCount,
-            OnRecycle&& onRecycleFn, VkDescriptorSet vkSet)
-        : dynamicUboMask(dynamicUboMask),
-          uniqueDynamicUboCount(uniqueDynamicUboCount),
-          mVkSet(vkSet),
-          mOnRecycleFn(std::move(onRecycleFn)) {}
+            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSetLayout> layout,
+            OnRecycle&& onRecycleFn, VkDescriptorSet vkSet);
 
     // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-exception-escape)
-    ~VulkanDescriptorSet() {
-        if (mOnRecycleFn) {
-            mOnRecycleFn(this);
-        }
-        if (mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn) {
-            mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn(this);
-        }
-    }
+    ~VulkanDescriptorSet();
 
     VkDescriptorSet getVkSet() const noexcept {
-        return mVkSet;
-    }
-
-    VkDescriptorSet getExternalSamplerVkSet() const noexcept {
-        return mExternalSamplerVkSet;
-    }
-
-    void setExternalSamplerVkSet(VkDescriptorSet vkset, OnRecycle onRecycle) {
-        mExternalSamplerVkSet = vkset;
-        if (mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn) {
-            mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn(this);
-        }
-        mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn = onRecycle;
+        return mSets[mCurrentSetIndex].vkSet;
     }
 
     void setOffsets(backend::DescriptorSetOffsetArray&& offsets) noexcept {
@@ -211,17 +190,33 @@ struct VulkanDescriptorSet : public HwDescriptorSet, fvkmemory::Resource {
 
     void referencedBy(VulkanCommandBuffer& commands);
 
-    fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask const dynamicUboMask;
+    bool isBound() const {
+        return bool(mSets[mCurrentSetIndex].fenceStatus);
+    }
+
+    fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSetLayout> getLayout() const { return mLayout; }
+
+    fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask const& dynamicUboMask;
     uint8_t const uniqueDynamicUboCount;
 
 private:
-    VkDescriptorSet const mVkSet;
-    VkDescriptorSet mExternalSamplerVkSet = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    friend class VulkanDescriptorSetCache;
+
+    void addNewSet(VkDescriptorSet vkSet, OnRecycle&& onRecycleFn);
+
+    void gc();
+
+    struct InternalVkSet {
+        VkDescriptorSet vkSet = {};
+        OnRecycle onRecycleFn;
+        std::shared_ptr<VulkanCmdFence> fenceStatus;
+    };
 
+    fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSetLayout> mLayout;
     backend::DescriptorSetOffsetArray mOffsets;
     std::vector<fvkmemory::resource_ptr<fvkmemory::Resource>> mResources;
-    OnRecycle mOnRecycleFn;
-    OnRecycle mOnRecycleExternalSamplerFn;
+    uint8_t mCurrentSetIndex;
+    std::vector<InternalVkSet> mSets;
     fvkutils::UniformBufferBitmask mUboMask;
 };
 
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cf5a2ac543b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "VulkanStreamedImageManager.h"
+
+#include "VulkanDescriptorSetCache.h"
+#include "VulkanExternalImageManager.h"
+#include "VulkanDescriptorSetLayoutCache.h"
+#include "VulkanSamplerCache.h"
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+VulkanStreamedImageManager::VulkanStreamedImageManager(VulkanExternalImageManager* manager)
+        : mExternalImageManager(manager) {}
+
+VulkanStreamedImageManager::~VulkanStreamedImageManager() = default;
+
+void VulkanStreamedImageManager::terminate() { mStreamedTexturesBindings.clear(); }
+
+void VulkanStreamedImageManager::bindStreamedTexture(
+        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set,
+        uint8_t bindingPoint, fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image,
+        SamplerParams samplerParams) {
+    mStreamedTexturesBindings.push_back({ bindingPoint, image, set, samplerParams });
+}
+
+void VulkanStreamedImageManager::unbindStreamedTexture(
+        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set,
+        uint8_t bindingPoint) {
+    auto iter = std::remove_if(mStreamedTexturesBindings.begin(), mStreamedTexturesBindings.end(),
+            [&](StreamedTextureBinding& binding) {
+                return ((binding.set == set) && (binding.binding == bindingPoint));
+            });
+    mStreamedTexturesBindings.erase(iter, mStreamedTexturesBindings.end());
+}
+
+void VulkanStreamedImageManager::onStreamAcquireImage(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image,
+        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanStream> stream) {
+    for (StreamedTextureBinding const& data: mStreamedTexturesBindings) {
+        // Find the right stream
+        if (data.image->getStream() == stream) {
+            mExternalImageManager->bindExternallySampledTexture(data.set, data.binding, image,
+                    data.samplerParams);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace filament::backend
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..718e9693203a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanStreamedImageManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_CACHING_VULKANSTREAMEDIMAGEMANAGER_H
+#define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_CACHING_VULKANSTREAMEDIMAGEMANAGER_H
+
+#include "VulkanHandles.h"
+
+#include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+class VulkanExternalImageManager;
+class VulkanDescriptorSetCache;
+class VulkanSamplerCache;
+
+// Manages the logic of streamed images.
+class VulkanStreamedImageManager {
+public:
+    VulkanStreamedImageManager(
+            VulkanExternalImageManager* manager);
+    ~VulkanStreamedImageManager();
+    void terminate();
+
+public:
+    void bindStreamedTexture(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set, uint8_t bindingPoint,
+            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image, SamplerParams samplerParams);
+    void unbindStreamedTexture(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set,
+            uint8_t bindingPoint);
+    void onStreamAcquireImage(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image,
+            fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanStream> stream);
+
+private:
+    struct StreamedTextureBinding {
+        uint8_t binding = 0;
+        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> image;
+        fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanDescriptorSet> set;
+        SamplerParams samplerParams;
+    };
+    // keep track of all the stream bindings
+    std::vector<StreamedTextureBinding> mStreamedTexturesBindings;
+
+    VulkanExternalImageManager* mExternalImageManager;
+};
+
+} // namespace filament::backend
+
+#endif // TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_CACHING_VULKANSTREAMEDIMAGEMANAGER_H
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanTexture.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanTexture.h
index 02c88861d0ce..688e1c45b713 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanTexture.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanTexture.h
@@ -36,6 +36,49 @@ namespace filament::backend {
 
 struct VulkanTexture;
 
+struct VulkanStream : public HwStream, fvkmemory::Resource {
+
+    //-- These methods are only called from the frontend
+    void acquire(const AcquiredImage& image) {
+        user_thread.mPrevious = user_thread.mAcquired;
+        user_thread.mAcquired = image;
+    }
+    bool previousNeedsRelease() const { return (user_thread.mPrevious.image != nullptr); }
+    // this function will null the previous once the caller takes it.
+    // It ensures we don't schedule for release twice.
+    AcquiredImage takePrevious() {
+        AcquiredImage previous = user_thread.mPrevious;
+        user_thread.mPrevious = {};
+        return previous;
+    }
+    const AcquiredImage& getAcquired() const { return user_thread.mAcquired; }
+    void setFrontEndTransform(const math::mat3f& transform) { user_thread.mTransform = transform; }
+    const math::mat3f& getFrontEndTransform() const { return user_thread.mTransform; }
+
+    //-- These methods are only called from the backend thread
+    void setBackendTransform(const math::mat3f& transform) { mTransform = transform; }
+    const math::mat3f& getBackEndTransform() const { return mTransform; }
+    fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> getTexture(void* ahb) {
+        if (auto itr = mTextures.find(ahb); itr != mTextures.end()) {
+            return itr->second;
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+    void pushImage(void* ahb, fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> tex) { mTextures[ahb] = tex; }
+
+private:
+    // These are only called from the frontend
+    struct {
+        AcquiredImage mAcquired;
+        AcquiredImage mPrevious;
+        math::mat3f mTransform;
+    } user_thread;
+
+    // #TODO b/442937292
+    math::mat3f mTransform;
+    std::unordered_map<void*, fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture>> mTextures;
+};
+
 struct VulkanTextureState : public fvkmemory::Resource {
     VulkanTextureState(VulkanStagePool& stagePool, VulkanCommands* commands, VmaAllocator allocator,
             VkDevice device, VkImage image, VkDeviceMemory deviceMemory, VkFormat format,
@@ -74,6 +117,8 @@ struct VulkanTextureState : public fvkmemory::Resource {
 
     // The texture with the sidecar owns the sidecar.
     fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanTexture> mSidecarMSAA;
+    // The stream this texture is associated with.
+    fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanStream> mStream;
 
     VkImage const mTextureImage;
     VkDeviceMemory const mTextureImageMemory;
@@ -105,6 +150,7 @@ struct VulkanTextureState : public fvkmemory::Resource {
     using ImageViewHash = utils::hash::MurmurHashFn<ImageViewKey>;
     std::unordered_map<ImageViewKey, VkImageView, ImageViewHash> mCachedImageViews;
 
+
     friend struct VulkanTexture;
 };
 
@@ -182,6 +228,14 @@ struct VulkanTexture : public HwTexture, fvkmemory::Resource {
         return mState->mSidecarMSAA;
     }
 
+    void setStream(fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanStream> stream) {
+        mState->mStream = stream;
+    }
+
+    fvkmemory::resource_ptr<VulkanStream> getStream() const {
+        return mState->mStream;
+    }
+
     bool isTransientAttachment() const {
         return mState->mUsage & VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSIENT_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
     }
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.cpp
index 72a2dbdc3234..e3381ca690e9 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.cpp
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ template ResourceType getTypeEnum<VulkanBuffer>() noexcept;
 template ResourceType getTypeEnum<VulkanSync>() noexcept;
 template ResourceType getTypeEnum<VulkanMemoryMappedBuffer>() noexcept;
 template ResourceType getTypeEnum<VulkanSemaphore>() noexcept;
+template ResourceType getTypeEnum<VulkanStream>() noexcept;
 
 template<typename D>
 ResourceType getTypeEnum() noexcept {
@@ -104,6 +105,9 @@ ResourceType getTypeEnum() noexcept {
     if constexpr (std::is_same_v<D, VulkanSemaphore>) {
         return ResourceType::SEMAPHORE;
     }
+    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<D, VulkanStream>) {
+        return ResourceType::STREAM;
+    }
     return ResourceType::UNDEFINED_TYPE;
 }
 
@@ -149,6 +153,8 @@ std::string_view getTypeStr(ResourceType type) {
             return "VulkanMemoryMappedBuffer";
         case ResourceType::SEMAPHORE:
             return "Semaphore";
+        case ResourceType::STREAM:
+            return "VulkanStream";
         case ResourceType::UNDEFINED_TYPE:
             return "";
     }
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.h
index 20d0302260ce..8d7b9e964a37 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/Resource.h
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ enum class ResourceType : uint8_t {
     SYNC = 17,
     MEMORY_MAPPED_BUFFER = 18,
     SEMAPHORE = 19,
-    UNDEFINED_TYPE = 20,    // Must be the last enum because we use it for iterating over the enums.
+    STREAM = 20,
+    UNDEFINED_TYPE = 21,    // Must be the last enum because we use it for iterating over the enums.
 };
 
 template<typename D>
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/ResourceManager.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/ResourceManager.cpp
index 96f586dcef3f..94c4e84c61a4 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/ResourceManager.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/memory/ResourceManager.cpp
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ void ResourceManager::destroyWithType(ResourceType type, HandleId id) {
         case ResourceType::SEMAPHORE:
             destruct<VulkanSemaphore>(Handle<VulkanSemaphore>(id));
             break;
+        case ResourceType::STREAM:
+            destruct<VulkanStream>(Handle<VulkanStream>(id));
+            break;
         case ResourceType::UNDEFINED_TYPE:
             break;
     }
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.cpp b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.cpp
index 5bea3009c741..b613bc95bc30 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.cpp
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 
 #include "vulkan/VulkanTexture.h"
 
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+#include "backend/platforms/VulkanPlatformAndroid.h"
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
+#include <android/native_window.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <utils/Panic.h>
 #include <utils/algorithm.h>
 #include <utils/debug.h>
@@ -234,6 +240,19 @@ uint8_t reduceSampleCount(uint8_t sampleCount, VkSampleCountFlags mask) {
     return mostSignificantBit((sampleCount - 1) & mask);
 }
 
+filament::backend::Platform::ExternalImageHandle createExternalImageFromRaw(
+        filament::backend::VulkanPlatform* platform, void* image, bool sRGB) {
+
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+    if (__builtin_available(android 26, *)) {
+        return static_cast<filament::backend::VulkanPlatformAndroid*>(platform)
+                ->createExternalImage(reinterpret_cast<AHardwareBuffer const*>(image), sRGB);
+    }
+#endif
+    return {};
+
+}
+
 } // namespace filament::backend::fvkutils
 
 bool operator<(const VkImageSubresourceRange& a, const VkImageSubresourceRange& b) {
diff --git a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.h b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.h
index 5be3cd3769ab..19762a8bee22 100644
--- a/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.h
+++ b/filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_VULKAN_UTILS_IMAGE_H
 
 #include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
+#include <backend/platforms/VulkanPlatform.h>
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
@@ -106,6 +107,9 @@ VkImageAspectFlags getImageAspect(VkFormat format);
 
 uint8_t reduceSampleCount(uint8_t sampleCount, VkSampleCountFlags mask);
 
+Platform::ExternalImageHandle createExternalImageFromRaw(filament::backend::VulkanPlatform* platform,
+        void* image,
+        bool sRGB);
 } // namespace fvkutils
 
 } // namespace filament::backend