+**Note: it is still possible to run an execution client on its own. However, this will no longer be possible after [The Merge](/upgrades/merge). After The Merge, both execution and consensus clients must be run together in order for a user to gain access to the Ethereum network. Some testnets (Kiln, Ropsten, Sepolia, and Goerli) have already been through their versions of The Merge, meaning execution clients alone are already insufficient for accessing those networks unless they are coupled to a consensus client that can keep track of the head of the chain.**
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