`connect_timeout` is ignored with faulty server

[Sporarum]

Bug Description

Setting the connect_timeout member to x does not make connect fail after x seconds with some faulty servers

Reproduction

mqttClient = mqtt.Client(
  callback_api_version=CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2,
  transport = 'websockets',
  protocol = 5,
)

mqttClient.connect_timeout = 1.0

mqttClient.tls_set()

mqttClient.connect(
  host = ...,
  port = 8084,
  keepalive = 10,
)

With the host as google.com, the program stops after 1s with the following logs:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./myTest2.py", line 15, in <module>
    mqttClient.connect(
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
    ...<2 lines>...
      keepalive = 10,
      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    )
    ^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 1435, in connect
    return self.reconnect()
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 1598, in reconnect
    self._sock = self._create_socket()
                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 4609, in _create_socket
    sock = self._create_socket_connection()
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 4640, in _create_socket_connection
    return socket.create_connection(addr, timeout=self._connect_timeout, source_address=source)
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.13/3.13.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.13/lib/python3.13/socket.py", line 864, in create_connection
    raise exceptions[0]
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.13/3.13.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.13/lib/python3.13/socket.py", line 849, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^
TimeoutError: timed out

With the host as the faulty server described below, we get a 10s (keepalive) timeout with the following logs:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./myTest2.py", line 15, in <module>
    mqttClient.connect(
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
    ...<2 lines>...
      keepalive = 10,
      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    )
    ^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 1435, in connect
    return self.reconnect()
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 1598, in reconnect
    self._sock = self._create_socket()
                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 4616, in _create_socket
    return _WebsocketWrapper(
        socket=sock,
    ...<4 lines>...
        extra_headers=self._websocket_extra_headers,
    )
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 4713, in __init__
    self._do_handshake(extra_headers)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "./venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 4767, in _do_handshake
    byte = self._socket.recv(1)
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.13/3.13.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.13/lib/python3.13/ssl.py", line 1285, in recv
    return self.read(buflen)
           ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.13/3.13.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.13/lib/python3.13/ssl.py", line 1140, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len)
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out

Environment

• Python version: 3.13.3
• Library version: 2.1.0
• Operating system (including version): macOS Sonoma 14.6
• MQTT server (name, version, configuration, hosting details):

To simulate the failure, we host a EMQX server with an empty emqx.conf, this makes it crash in a loop

Possibly related to #876