textcase in TeX Live 2023 (63868 ) does not work with brazilian abntex2.sty

[xexeo]

I am transcribing a problem related to the use of textcase in TeX Live 2023 (63868 ) with brazilian characters (used in abntex2.sty).
It seems that the problem is related to brazilian accented characters.

13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]
(./abntex2-modelo-trabalho-academico.lof) [21] [22]
(./abntex2-modelo-trabalho-academico.loq) [23] [24]
(./abntex2-modelo-trabalho-academico.lot) [25] [26] [27] [28] [29{/usr/local/te
xlive/2023/texmf-dist/fonts/enc/dvips/lm/lm-rm.enc}{/usr/local/texlive/2023/tex
mf-dist/fonts/enc/dvips/lm/lm-mathit.enc}{/usr/local/texlive/2023/texmf-dist/fo
nts/enc/dvips/lm/lm-mathsy.enc}] [30] (./abntex2-modelo-trabalho-academico.toc
! Argument of \MakeUppercase (arg 1) has an extra }.
<inserted text>
                \par
l.13 ...Uppercase []{Introdução}}{33}{chapter.1}

This is described here (in portuguese): https://groups.google.com/g/abntex2/c/gXsyDKgTbQw

Downgrading textcase solves the problem:
tlmgr install --file textcase.r52092.tar.xz
tlmgr restore textcase 52092

I have no more information, but since I didn't see anything here, I imagined that at list registering it would be useful.

Thanks for your work.

[davidcarlisle]

please provide a small test document, also is the problem still there with texlive revision: 67755
ie

\ProvidesPackage{textcase}
       [2023/07/27 v1.04 Text only upper/lower case changing (DPC)]