Add isdtype() to numpy.array_api

This is a new function in the v2022.12 version of the array API standard which
is used for determining if a given dtype is part of a set of given dtype
categories. This will also eventually be added to the main NumPy namespace,
but for now only exists in numpy.array_api as a purely strict version.

Original NumPy Commit: 173fbc7009719ce802aa70634fb93031a0c00cfb

Author: asmeurer

array_api_strict/__init__.py

@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@
     broadcast_to,
     can_cast,
     finfo,
+    isdtype,
     iinfo,
     result_type,
 )

array_api_strict/_data_type_functions.py

@@ -1,7 +1,17 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from ._array_object import Array
-from ._dtypes import _all_dtypes, _result_type
+from ._dtypes import (
+    _all_dtypes,
+    _boolean_dtypes,
+    _signed_integer_dtypes,
+    _unsigned_integer_dtypes,
+    _integer_dtypes,
+    _real_floating_dtypes,
+    _complex_floating_dtypes,
+    _numeric_dtypes,
+    _result_type,
+)
 
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Tuple, Union
@@ -117,6 +127,44 @@ def iinfo(type: Union[Dtype, Array], /) -> iinfo_object:
     return iinfo_object(ii.bits, ii.max, ii.min)
 
 
+# Note: isdtype is a new function from the 2022.12 array API specification.
+def isdtype(
+    dtype: Dtype, kind: Union[Dtype, str, Tuple[Union[Dtype, str], ...]]
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Returns a boolean indicating whether a provided dtype is of a specified data type ``kind``.
+
+    See
+    https://data-apis.org/array-api/latest/API_specification/generated/array_api.isdtype.html
+    for more details
+    """
+    if isinstance(kind, tuple):
+        # Disallow nested tuples
+        if any(isinstance(k, tuple) for k in kind):
+            raise TypeError("'kind' must be a dtype, str, or tuple of dtypes and strs")
+        return any(isdtype(dtype, k) for k in kind)
+    elif isinstance(kind, str):
+        if kind == 'bool':
+            return dtype in _boolean_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'signed integer':
+            return dtype in _signed_integer_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'unsigned integer':
+            return dtype in _unsigned_integer_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'integral':
+            return dtype in _integer_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'real floating':
+            return dtype in _real_floating_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'complex floating':
+            return dtype in _complex_floating_dtypes
+        elif kind == 'numeric':
+            return dtype in _numeric_dtypes
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized data type kind: {kind!r}")
+    elif kind in _all_dtypes:
+        return dtype == kind
+    else:
+        raise TypeError(f"'kind' must be a dtype, str, or tuple of dtypes and strs, not {type(kind).__name__}")
+
 def result_type(*arrays_and_dtypes: Union[Array, Dtype]) -> Dtype:
     """
     Array API compatible wrapper for :py:func:`np.result_type <numpy.result_type>`.

array_api_strict/_dtypes.py

@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
 _floating_dtypes = (float32, float64, complex64, complex128)
 _complex_floating_dtypes = (complex64, complex128)
 _integer_dtypes = (int8, int16, int32, int64, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64)
+_signed_integer_dtypes = (int8, int16, int32, int64)
+_unsigned_integer_dtypes = (uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64)
 _integer_or_boolean_dtypes = (
     bool,
     int8,

array_api_strict/tests/test_data_type_functions.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 
+from numpy.testing import assert_raises
 from numpy import array_api as xp
-
+import numpy as np
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "from_, to, expected",
@@ -17,3 +18,14 @@ def test_can_cast(from_, to, expected):
     can_cast() returns correct result
     """
     assert xp.can_cast(from_, to) == expected
+
+def test_isdtype_strictness():
+    assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, 64))
+    assert_raises(ValueError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, 'f8'))
+
+    assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, (('integral',),)))
+    assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, np.object_))
+
+    # TODO: These will require https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/23883
+    # assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, None))
+    # assert_raises(TypeError, lambda: xp.isdtype(xp.float64, np.float64))