diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml index a785d6a..11b4f62 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ jobs: runs-on: ubuntu-latest env: DISPLAY: :0 + SDL_AUDIODRIVER: "disk" steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v3 diff --git a/chip8/cpu.py b/chip8/cpu.py index de32865..afedd9d 100644 --- a/chip8/cpu.py +++ b/chip8/cpu.py @@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ """ # I M P O R T S ############################################################### +import numpy as np + from pygame import key +from pygame import mixer +from pygame.mixer import Sound from random import randint -from chip8.config import ( - STACK_POINTER_START, KEY_MAPPINGS, PROGRAM_COUNTER_START -) +from chip8.config import STACK_POINTER_START, KEY_MAPPINGS, PROGRAM_COUNTER_START # C O N S T A N T S ########################################################### @@ -28,6 +30,21 @@ "64K": 65536, } +# The minimum number of audio samples we want to generate. The minimum amount +# of time an audio clip can be played is 1/60th of a second (the frequency +# that the sound timer is decremented). Since we initialize the pygame +# audio mixer to require 48000 samples per second, this means each 1/60th +# of a second requires 800 samples. The audio pattern buffer is only +# 128 bits long, so we will need to repeat it to fill at least 1/60th of a +# second with audio (resampled at the correct frequency). To be safe, +# we'll construct a buffer of at least 4/60ths of a second of +# audio. We can be bigger than the minimum number of samples below, but +# we don't want less than that. +MIN_AUDIO_SAMPLES = 3200 + +# The audio playback rate to use for Pygame mixer initialization +PYGAME_AUDIO_PLAYBACK_RATE = 48000 + # C L A S S E S ############################################################### @@ -91,8 +108,12 @@ def __init__( self.sp = STACK_POINTER_START self.index = 0 self.rpl = [0] * NUM_REGISTERS + self.pitch = 64 self.playback_rate = 4000 + self.audio_pattern_buffer = [0] * 16 + self.sound_playing = False + self.sound_waveform = None self.bitplane = 1 @@ -164,6 +185,7 @@ def __init__( self.misc_routine_lookup = { 0x00: self.index_load_long, # F000 - LOADLONG 0x01: self.set_bitplane, # Fn01 - BITPLANE n + 0x02: self.load_audio_pattern_buffer, # F002 - AUDIO 0x07: self.move_delay_timer_into_reg, # Ft07 - LOAD Vt, DELAY 0x0A: self.wait_for_keypress, # Ft0A - KEYD Vt 0x15: self.move_reg_into_delay_timer, # Fs15 - LOAD DELAY, Vs @@ -184,6 +206,7 @@ def __init__( self.memory = bytearray(MEM_SIZE[mem_size]) self.reset() self.running = True + mixer.init(frequency=PYGAME_AUDIO_PLAYBACK_RATE, size=8, channels=1) def __str__(self): val = f"PC:{self.last_pc:04X} OP:{self.operand:04X} " @@ -945,6 +968,18 @@ def set_bitplane(self): self.bitplane = (self.operand & 0x0F00) >> 8 self.last_op = f"BITPLANE {self.bitplane:01X}" + def load_audio_pattern_buffer(self): + """ + F002 - AUDIO + + Loads the 16-byte audio pattern buffer with 16 bytes from memory + pointed to by the index register. + """ + for x in range(16): + self.audio_pattern_buffer[x] = self.memory[self.index + x] + self.calculate_audio_waveform() + self.last_op = f"AUDIO {self.index:04X}" + def move_delay_timer_into_reg(self): """ Fx07 - LOAD Vx, DELAY @@ -1198,6 +1233,9 @@ def reset(self): self.rpl = [0] * NUM_REGISTERS self.pitch = 64 self.playback_rate = 4000 + self.audio_pattern_buffer = [0] * 16 + self.sound_playing = False + self.sound_waveform = None self.bitplane = 1 def load_rom(self, filename, offset=PROGRAM_COUNTER_START): @@ -1221,6 +1259,51 @@ def decrement_timers(self): """ self.delay -= 1 if self.delay > 0 else 0 self.sound -= 1 if self.delay > 0 else 0 - + if self.sound > 0 and not self.sound_playing: + if self.sound_waveform: + self.sound_waveform.play(loops=-1) + self.sound_playing = True + + if self.sound == 0 and self.sound_playing: + if self.sound_waveform: + self.sound_waveform.stop() + self.sound_playing = False + + def calculate_audio_waveform(self): + """ + Based on a playback rate specified by the XO Chip pitch, generate + an audio waveform from the 16-byte audio_pattern_buffer. It converts + the 16-bytes pattern into 128 separate bits. The bits are then used to fill + a sample buffer. The sample buffer is filled by resampling the 128-bit + pattern at the specified frequency. The sample buffer is then repeated + until it is at least MIN_AUDIO_SAMPLES long. Playback (if currently + happening) is stopped, the new waveform is loaded, and then playback + is starts again (if the emulator had previously been playing a sound). + """ + # Convert the 16-byte value into an array of 128-bit samples + data = [int(bit) * 255 for bit in ''.join(f"{audio_byte:08b}" for audio_byte in self.audio_pattern_buffer)] + step = self.playback_rate / PYGAME_AUDIO_PLAYBACK_RATE + buffer = [] + + # Generate the initial re-sampled buffer + position = 0.0 + while position < 128: + buffer.append(data[int(position)]) + position += step + + # Lengthen the buffer until it is at least MIN_AUDIO_SAMPLES long + while len(buffer) < MIN_AUDIO_SAMPLES: + buffer += buffer + + # Stop playing any waveform if it is currently playing + if self.sound_playing and self.sound_waveform: + self.sound_waveform.stop() + + # Generate a new waveform from the sample buffer + self.sound_waveform = Sound(np.array(buffer).astype(np.uint8)) + + # Start playing the sound again if we should be playing one + if self.sound_playing: + self.sound_waveform.play(loops=-1) # E N D O F F I L E ######################################################## diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt index 727c6e7..bbbbbce 100644 --- a/requirements.txt +++ b/requirements.txt @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ pygame mock nose -coverage \ No newline at end of file +coverage +numpy diff --git a/test/test_chip8cpu.py b/test/test_chip8cpu.py index f71b520..aa00c4f 100644 --- a/test/test_chip8cpu.py +++ b/test/test_chip8cpu.py @@ -1087,6 +1087,305 @@ def test_load_long_integration(self): self.assertEqual(0x1234, self.cpu.index) self.assertEqual(0x0204, self.cpu.pc) + def test_load_audio_into_pattern_buffer(self): + for x in range(16): + self.cpu.memory[0x5000 + x] = x + self.cpu.index = 0x5000 + self.cpu.load_audio_pattern_buffer() + self.assertEqual( + [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], + self.cpu.audio_pattern_buffer + ) + + def test_load_audio_into_pattern_buffer_integration(self): + for x in range(16): + self.cpu.memory[0x5000 + x] = x + self.cpu.index = 0x5000 + self.cpu.memory[0x0200] = 0xF0 + self.cpu.memory[0x0201] = 0x02 + self.cpu.execute_instruction() + self.assertEqual( + [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], + self.cpu.audio_pattern_buffer + ) + + def test_load_audio_pattern_loads_corrct_waveform(self): + self.cpu.memory[0x5000] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5001] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5002] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5003] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5004] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5005] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5006] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5007] = 0x00 + self.cpu.memory[0x5008] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x5009] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500A] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500B] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500C] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500D] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500E] = 0xFF + self.cpu.memory[0x500F] = 0xFF + self.cpu.index = 0x5000 + self.cpu.load_audio_pattern_buffer() + expected = [ + 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 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255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, + 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255 + ] + self.assertEqual(expected, [int(x) for x in self.cpu.sound_waveform.get_raw()]) + + def test_waveform_played_when_sound_delay_not_zero(self): + self.cpu.sound_waveform = mock.MagicMock() + self.cpu.sound = 40 + self.cpu.decrement_timers() + self.cpu.sound_waveform.play.assert_called_with(loops=-1) + self.assertTrue(self.cpu.sound_playing) + + def test_waveform_stopped_when_sound_delay_zero(self): + self.cpu.sound_waveform = mock.MagicMock() + self.cpu.sound = 0 + self.cpu.sound_playing = True + self.cpu.decrement_timers() + self.cpu.sound_waveform.stop.assert_called_with() + self.assertFalse(self.cpu.sound_playing) + + def test_calculate_audio_waveform_stops_sound_if_playing(self): + self.cpu.sound_waveform = mock.MagicMock() + the_mock = self.cpu.sound_waveform + self.cpu.sound_playing = True + self.cpu.calculate_audio_waveform() + the_mock.stop.assert_called_with() + # M A I N #####################################################################