net: Use GetAdaptersAddresses to get local addresses on Windows

Instead of a `gethostname` hack, use the official way of calling
`GetAdaptersAddresses` to get local network addresses on Windows.

As additional cleanup, move out `FromSockAddr` from MacOS and use it
everywhere appropriate.

Suggested by Ava Chow.

Author: laanwj

src/common/netif.cpp

@@ -31,6 +31,30 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+//! Return CNetAddr for the specified OS-level network address.
+//! If a length is not given, it is taken to be sizeof(struct sockaddr_*) for the family.
+std::optional<CNetAddr> FromSockAddr(const struct sockaddr* addr, std::optional<socklen_t> sa_len_opt)
+{
+    socklen_t sa_len = 0;
+    if (sa_len_opt.has_value()) {
+        sa_len = *sa_len_opt;
+    } else {
+        // If sockaddr length was not specified, determine it from the family.
+        switch (addr->sa_family) {
+        case AF_INET: sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); break;
+        case AF_INET6: sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6); break;
+        default:
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+    // Fill in a CService from the sockaddr, then drop the port part.
+    CService service;
+    if (service.SetSockAddr(addr, sa_len)) {
+        return (CNetAddr)service;
+    }
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
 // Linux and FreeBSD 14.0+. For FreeBSD 13.2 the code can be compiled but
 // running it requires loading a special kernel module, otherwise socket(AF_NETLINK,...)
 // will fail, so we skip that.
@@ -167,16 +191,6 @@ std::optional<CNetAddr> QueryDefaultGatewayImpl(sa_family_t family)
 #define ROUNDUP32(a) \
     ((a) > 0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(uint32_t) - 1))) : sizeof(uint32_t))
 
-std::optional<CNetAddr> FromSockAddr(const struct sockaddr* addr)
-{
-    // Fill in a CService from the sockaddr, then drop the port part.
-    CService service;
-    if (service.SetSockAddr(addr, addr->sa_len)) {
-        return (CNetAddr)service;
-    }
-    return std::nullopt;
-}
-
 //! MacOS: Get default gateway from route table. See route(4) for the format.
 std::optional<CNetAddr> QueryDefaultGatewayImpl(sa_family_t family)
 {
@@ -210,9 +224,9 @@ std::optional<CNetAddr> QueryDefaultGatewayImpl(sa_family_t family)
                 const struct sockaddr* sa = (const struct sockaddr*)(buf.data() + sa_pos);
                 if ((sa_pos + sa->sa_len) > next_msg_pos) return std::nullopt;
                 if (i == RTAX_DST) {
-                    dst = FromSockAddr(sa);
+                    dst = FromSockAddr(sa, sa->sa_len);
                 } else if (i == RTAX_GATEWAY) {
-                    gateway = FromSockAddr(sa);
+                    gateway = FromSockAddr(sa, sa->sa_len);
                 }
                 // Skip sockaddr entries for bit flags we're not interested in,
                 // move cursor.
@@ -269,9 +283,47 @@ std::vector<CNetAddr> GetLocalAddresses()
 {
     std::vector<CNetAddr> addresses;
 #ifdef WIN32
-    char pszHostName[256] = "";
-    if (gethostname(pszHostName, sizeof(pszHostName)) != SOCKET_ERROR) {
-        addresses = LookupHost(pszHostName, 0, true);
+    DWORD status = 0;
+    constexpr size_t MAX_ADAPTER_ADDR_SIZE = 4 * 1000 * 1000; // Absolute maximum size of adapter addresses structure we're willing to handle, as a precaution.
+    std::vector<std::byte> out_buf(15000, {}); // Start with 15KB allocation as recommended in GetAdaptersAddresses documentation.
+    while (true) {
+        ULONG out_buf_len = out_buf.size();
+        status = GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, GAA_FLAG_SKIP_ANYCAST | GAA_FLAG_SKIP_MULTICAST | GAA_FLAG_SKIP_DNS_SERVER | GAA_FLAG_SKIP_FRIENDLY_NAME,
+                nullptr, reinterpret_cast<PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>(out_buf.data()), &out_buf_len);
+        if (status == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW && out_buf.size() < MAX_ADAPTER_ADDR_SIZE) {
+            // If status == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, out_buf_len will contain the needed size.
+            // Unfortunately, this cannot be fully relied on, because another process may have added interfaces.
+            // So to avoid getting stuck due to a race condition, double the buffer size at least
+            // once before retrying (but only up to the maximum allowed size).
+            out_buf.resize(std::min(std::max<size_t>(out_buf_len, out_buf.size()) * 2, MAX_ADAPTER_ADDR_SIZE));
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (status != NO_ERROR) {
+        // This includes ERROR_NO_DATA if there are no addresses and thus there's not even one PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES
+        // record in the returned structure.
+        LogPrintLevel(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Error, "Could not get local adapter addreses: %s\n", NetworkErrorString(status));
+        return addresses;
+    }
+
+    // Iterate over network adapters.
+    for (PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES cur_adapter = reinterpret_cast<PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>(out_buf.data());
+         cur_adapter != nullptr; cur_adapter = cur_adapter->Next) {
+        if (cur_adapter->OperStatus != IfOperStatusUp) continue;
+        if (cur_adapter->IfType == IF_TYPE_SOFTWARE_LOOPBACK) continue;
+
+        // Iterate over unicast addresses for adapter, the only address type we're interested in.
+        for (PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS cur_address = cur_adapter->FirstUnicastAddress;
+             cur_address != nullptr; cur_address = cur_address->Next) {
+            // "The IP address is a cluster address and should not be used by most applications."
+            if ((cur_address->Flags & IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_TRANSIENT) != 0) continue;
+
+            if (std::optional<CNetAddr> addr = FromSockAddr(cur_address->Address.lpSockaddr, static_cast<socklen_t>(cur_address->Address.iSockaddrLength))) {
+                addresses.push_back(*addr);
+            }
+        }
     }
 #elif (HAVE_DECL_GETIFADDRS && HAVE_DECL_FREEIFADDRS)
     struct ifaddrs* myaddrs;
@@ -281,12 +333,9 @@ std::vector<CNetAddr> GetLocalAddresses()
             if (ifa->ifa_addr == nullptr) continue;
             if ((ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) == 0) continue;
             if ((ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) continue;
-            if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
-                struct sockaddr_in* s4 = (struct sockaddr_in*)(ifa->ifa_addr);
-                addresses.emplace_back(s4->sin_addr);
-            } else if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
-                struct sockaddr_in6* s6 = (struct sockaddr_in6*)(ifa->ifa_addr);
-                addresses.emplace_back(s6->sin6_addr);
+
+            if (std::optional<CNetAddr> addr = FromSockAddr(ifa->ifa_addr, std::nullopt)) {
+                addresses.push_back(*addr);
             }
         }
         freeifaddrs(myaddrs);