Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#30463: qa: Functional test improvements

a8e3af1 qa: Do not assume running `feature_asmap.py` from source directory (Hennadii Stepanov)
9bf7ca6 qa: Consider `cache` and `config.ini` relative to invocation directory (Hennadii Stepanov)
a047344 scripted-diff: Add `__file__` argument to `BitcoinTestFramework.init()` (Hennadii Stepanov)

Pull request description:

  This PR includes changes split from bitcoin/bitcoin#30454. They improve the functional test framework, allowing users to [run individual functional tests](hebasto/bitcoin#146) from the build directory in the new CMake-based build system.

  This functionality is not available for out-of-source builds using the current Autotools-based build system, which always requires write permissions for the source directory. Nevertheless, this PR can be tested as suggested in bitcoin/bitcoin#30463 (comment):
  1. Make an out-of-source build:
  ```
  $ ./autogen.sh
  $ mkdir ../build && cd ../build
  $ ../bitcoin/configure
  $ make
  ```
  2. Create a symlink in the build directory to a functional test:
  ```
  $ ln --symbolic ../../../bitcoin/test/functional/wallet_disable.py ./test/functional/
  ```
  3. Run this symlink:
  ```
  $ ./test/functional/wallet_disable.py
  ```
  The last command fails on the master branch:
  ```
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/hebasto/git/build/./test/functional/wallet_disable.py", line 31, in <module>
      DisableWalletTest().main()
      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    File "/home/hebasto/git/bitcoin/test/functional/test_framework/test_framework.py", line 106, in __init__
      self.parse_args()
    File "/home/hebasto/git/bitcoin/test/functional/test_framework/test_framework.py", line 210, in parse_args
      config.read_file(open(self.options.configfile))
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/hebasto/git/bitcoin/test/config.ini'

  ```
  and succeeds with this PR.

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    tested ACK a8e3af1 🎨
  glozow:
    ACK a8e3af1, tested with the steps in op
  stickies-v:
    ACK a8e3af1

Tree-SHA512: 899e4efc09edec13ea3f5b47825d03173fb21d3569c360deda7fa6a56b99b4d24e09ad4f0883bad1ee926b1c706e47ba07c6a6160c63c07c82b3cf4ae5816e91

Author: glozow

test/functional/create_cache.py

@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ def run_test(self):
         pass
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    CreateCache().main()
+    CreateCache(__file__).main()

test/functional/example_test.py

@@ -225,4 +225,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    ExampleTest().main()
+    ExampleTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_abortnode.py

@@ -42,4 +42,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    AbortNodeTest().main()
+    AbortNodeTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_addrman.py

@@ -160,4 +160,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    AddrmanTest().main()
+    AddrmanTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_anchors.py

@@ -141,4 +141,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    AnchorsTest().main()
+    AnchorsTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_asmap.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 from test_framework.util import assert_equal
 
 DEFAULT_ASMAP_FILENAME = 'ip_asn.map' # defined in src/init.cpp
-ASMAP = '../../src/test/data/asmap.raw' # path to unit test skeleton asmap
+ASMAP = 'src/test/data/asmap.raw' # path to unit test skeleton asmap
 VERSION = 'fec61fa21a9f46f3b17bdcd660d7f4cd90b966aad3aec593c99b35f0aca15853'
 
 def expected_messages(filename):
@@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ def run_test(self):
         self.node = self.nodes[0]
         self.datadir = self.node.chain_path
         self.default_asmap = os.path.join(self.datadir, DEFAULT_ASMAP_FILENAME)
-        self.asmap_raw = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), ASMAP)
+        base_dir = self.config["environment"]["SRCDIR"]
+        self.asmap_raw = os.path.join(base_dir, ASMAP)
 
         self.test_without_asmap_arg()
         self.test_asmap_with_absolute_path()
@@ -146,4 +147,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    AsmapTest().main()
+    AsmapTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_assumeutxo.py

@@ -581,4 +581,4 @@ class Block:
     chain_tx: int
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    AssumeutxoTest().main()
+    AssumeutxoTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_assumevalid.py

@@ -172,4 +172,4 @@ def run_test(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    AssumeValidTest().main()
+    AssumeValidTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_bind_extra.py

@@ -88,4 +88,4 @@ def run_test(self):
             assert_equal(binds, set(expected_services))
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    BindExtraTest().main()
+    BindExtraTest(__file__).main()

test/functional/feature_bind_port_discover.py

@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ def run_test(self):
         assert found_addr1
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    BindPortDiscoverTest().main()
+    BindPortDiscoverTest(__file__).main()