Vagrantfile Ubuntu 24.04 issues

[geyslan]

Description

After clang19 bump, #4910, that also bumped Ubuntu to 24.04 in the Vagrantfile, some issues arose as lack of permissions, tooling installation warnings. On parallels ssh is failing during the provision.

[geyslan]

Currently working on a single box setup that supports QEMU for multiple architectures and operating systems. Darwin, however, is being particularly picky.