rcu-tasks: Add data to eliminate RCU-tasks/do_exit() deadlocks

Holding a mutex across synchronize_rcu_tasks() and acquiring
that same mutex in code called from do_exit() after its call to
exit_tasks_rcu_start() but before its call to exit_tasks_rcu_stop()
results in deadlock.  This is by design, because tasks that are far
enough into do_exit() are no longer present on the tasks list, making
it a bit difficult for RCU Tasks to find them, let alone wait on them
to do a voluntary context switch.  However, such deadlocks are becoming
more frequent.  In addition, lockdep currently does not detect such
deadlocks and they can be difficult to reproduce.

In addition, if a task voluntarily context switches during that time
(for example, if it blocks acquiring a mutex), then this task is in an
RCU Tasks quiescent state.  And with some adjustments, RCU Tasks could
just as well take advantage of that fact.

This commit therefore adds the data structures that will be needed
to rely on these quiescent states and to eliminate these deadlocks.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240118021842.290665-1-chenzhongjin@huawei.com/

Reported-by: Chen Zhongjin <chenzhongjin@huawei.com>
Reported-by: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Chen Zhongjin <chenzhongjin@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>

Author: paulmckrcu

include/linux/sched.h

@@ -858,6 +858,8 @@ struct task_struct {
 	u8				rcu_tasks_idx;
 	int				rcu_tasks_idle_cpu;
 	struct list_head		rcu_tasks_holdout_list;
+	int				rcu_tasks_exit_cpu;
+	struct list_head		rcu_tasks_exit_list;
 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU

kernel/rcu/tasks.h

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef void (*postgp_func_t)(struct rcu_tasks *rtp);
  * @rtp_irq_work: IRQ work queue for deferred wakeups.
  * @barrier_q_head: RCU callback for barrier operation.
  * @rtp_blkd_tasks: List of tasks blocked as readers.
+ * @rtp_exit_list: List of tasks in the latter portion of do_exit().
  * @cpu: CPU number corresponding to this entry.
  * @rtpp: Pointer to the rcu_tasks structure.
  */
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ struct rcu_tasks_percpu {
 	struct irq_work rtp_irq_work;
 	struct rcu_head barrier_q_head;
 	struct list_head rtp_blkd_tasks;
+	struct list_head rtp_exit_list;
 	int cpu;
 	struct rcu_tasks *rtpp;
 };