work around gcc bugs with 'asm goto' with outputs

We've had issues with gcc and 'asm goto' before, and we created a
'asm_volatile_goto()' macro for that in the past: see commits
3f0116c ("compiler/gcc4: Add quirk for 'asm goto' miscompilation
bug") and a9f1803 ("compiler/gcc4: Make quirk for
asm_volatile_goto() unconditional").

Then, much later, we ended up removing the workaround in commit
43c249e ("compiler-gcc.h: remove ancient workaround for gcc PR
58670") because we no longer supported building the kernel with the
affected gcc versions, but we left the macro uses around.

Now, Sean Christopherson reports a new version of a very similar
problem, which is fixed by re-applying that ancient workaround.  But the
problem in question is limited to only the 'asm goto with outputs'
cases, so instead of re-introducing the old workaround as-is, let's
rename and limit the workaround to just that much less common case.

It looks like there are at least two separate issues that all hit in
this area:

 (a) some versions of gcc don't mark the asm goto as 'volatile' when it
     has outputs:

        https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=98619
        https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=110420

     which is easy to work around by just adding the 'volatile' by hand.

 (b) Internal compiler errors:

        https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=110422

     which are worked around by adding the extra empty 'asm' as a
     barrier, as in the original workaround.

but the problem Sean sees may be a third thing since it involves bad
code generation (not an ICE) even with the manually added 'volatile'.

but the same old workaround works for this case, even if this feels a
bit like voodoo programming and may only be hiding the issue.

Reported-and-tested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240208220604.140859-1-seanjc@google.com/
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@gmail.com>
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Pinski <quic_apinski@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Author: torvalds

arch/arc/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key,
 					       bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(".balign "__stringify(JUMP_LABEL_NOP_SIZE)"	\n"
+	asm goto(".balign "__stringify(JUMP_LABEL_NOP_SIZE)"		\n"
 		 "1:							\n"
 		 "nop							\n"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table, \"aw\"			\n"
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key,
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key,
 						    bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(".balign "__stringify(JUMP_LABEL_NOP_SIZE)"	\n"
+	asm goto(".balign "__stringify(JUMP_LABEL_NOP_SIZE)"		\n"
 		 "1:							\n"
 		 "b %l[l_yes]						\n"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table, \"aw\"			\n"

arch/arm/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 WASM(nop) "\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".word 1b, %l[l_yes], %c0\n\t"
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool bran
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 WASM(b) " %l[l_yes]\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".word 1b, %l[l_yes], %c0\n\t"

arch/arm64/include/asm/alternative-macros.h

@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ alternative_has_cap_likely(const unsigned long cpucap)
 	if (!cpucap_is_possible(cpucap))
 		return false;
 
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 	ALTERNATIVE_CB("b	%l[l_no]", %[cpucap], alt_cb_patch_nops)
 	:
 	: [cpucap] "i" (cpucap)
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ alternative_has_cap_unlikely(const unsigned long cpucap)
 	if (!cpucap_is_possible(cpucap))
 		return false;
 
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 	ALTERNATIVE("nop", "b	%l[l_yes]", %[cpucap])
 	:
 	: [cpucap] "i" (cpucap)

arch/arm64/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key * const key,
 					       const bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	nop					\n\t"
 		 "	.pushsection	__jump_table, \"aw\"	\n\t"
 		 "	.align		3			\n\t"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key * const key,
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key * const key,
 						    const bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	b		%l[l_yes]		\n\t"
 		 "	.pushsection	__jump_table, \"aw\"	\n\t"
 		 "	.align		3			\n\t"

arch/csky/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key,
 					       bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	nop32					\n"
 		"	.pushsection	__jump_table, \"aw\"	\n"
 		"	.align		2			\n"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key,
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key,
 						    bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	bsr32		%l[label]		\n"
 		"	.pushsection	__jump_table, \"aw\"	\n"
 		"	.align		2			\n"

arch/loongarch/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key * const key, const bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	nop			\n\t"
 		JUMP_TABLE_ENTRY
 		:  :  "i"(&((char *)key)[branch]) :  : l_yes);
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key * const key, co
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key * const key, const bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto(
+	asm goto(
 		"1:	b	%l[l_yes]	\n\t"
 		JUMP_TABLE_ENTRY
 		:  :  "i"(&((char *)key)[branch]) :  : l_yes);

arch/mips/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ extern void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod);
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\t" B_INSN " 2f\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\t" B_INSN " 2f\n\t"
 		"2:\t.insn\n\t"
 		".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		WORD_INSN " 1b, %l[l_yes], %0\n\t"
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool bran
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\t" J_INSN " %l[l_yes]\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\t" J_INSN " %l[l_yes]\n\t"
 		".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		WORD_INSN " 1b, %l[l_yes], %0\n\t"
 		".popsection\n\t"

arch/parisc/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 "nop\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".align %1\n\t"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool bran
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 "b,n %l[l_yes]\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".align %1\n\t"

arch/powerpc/include/asm/jump_label.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 "nop # arch_static_branch\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".long 1b - ., %l[l_yes] - .\n\t"
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch(struct static_key *key, bool bran
 
 static __always_inline bool arch_static_branch_jump(struct static_key *key, bool branch)
 {
-	asm_volatile_goto("1:\n\t"
+	asm goto("1:\n\t"
 		 "b %l[l_yes] # arch_static_branch_jump\n\t"
 		 ".pushsection __jump_table,  \"aw\"\n\t"
 		 ".long 1b - ., %l[l_yes] - .\n\t"

arch/powerpc/include/asm/uaccess.h

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ __pu_failed:							\
 /* -mprefixed can generate offsets beyond range, fall back hack */
 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_KERNEL_PREFIXED
 #define __put_user_asm_goto(x, addr, label, op)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm goto(					\
 		"1:	" op " %0,0(%1)	# put_user\n"		\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\
 		:						\
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ __pu_failed:							\
 		: label)
 #else
 #define __put_user_asm_goto(x, addr, label, op)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm goto(					\
 		"1:	" op "%U1%X1 %0,%1	# put_user\n"	\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\
 		:						\
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ __pu_failed:							\
 	__put_user_asm_goto(x, ptr, label, "std")
 #else /* __powerpc64__ */
 #define __put_user_asm2_goto(x, addr, label)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm goto(					\
 		"1:	stw%X1 %0, %1\n"			\
 		"2:	stw%X1 %L0, %L1\n"			\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ do {								\
 /* -mprefixed can generate offsets beyond range, fall back hack */
 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_KERNEL_PREFIXED
 #define __get_user_asm_goto(x, addr, label, op)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm_goto_output(					\
 		"1:	"op" %0,0(%1)	# get_user\n"		\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\
 		: "=r" (x)					\
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ do {								\
 		: label)
 #else
 #define __get_user_asm_goto(x, addr, label, op)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm_goto_output(					\
 		"1:	"op"%U1%X1 %0, %1	# get_user\n"	\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\
 		: "=r" (x)					\
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ do {								\
 	__get_user_asm_goto(x, addr, label, "ld")
 #else /* __powerpc64__ */
 #define __get_user_asm2_goto(x, addr, label)			\
-	asm_volatile_goto(					\
+	asm_goto_output(					\
 		"1:	lwz%X1 %0, %1\n"			\
 		"2:	lwz%X1 %L0, %L1\n"			\
 		EX_TABLE(1b, %l2)				\