selftests: cgroup: add tests to verify the zswap writeback path

Attempt writeback with the below steps and check using memory.stat.zswpwb
if zswap writeback occurred:

1. Allocate memory.
2. Reclaim memory equal to the amount that was allocated in step 1.
   This will move it into zswap.
3. Save current zswap usage.
4. Move the memory allocated in step 1 back in from zswap.
5. Set zswap.max to half the amount that was recorded in step 3.
6. Attempt to reclaim memory equal to the amount that was allocated,
   this will either trigger writeback if it's enabled, or reclamation
   will fail if writeback is disabled as there isn't enough zswap
   space.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240508171359.1545744-1-usamaarif642@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Author: uarif1

tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_zswap.c

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static int get_zswap_stored_pages(size_t *value)
 	return read_int("/sys/kernel/debug/zswap/stored_pages", value);
 }
 
-static int get_cg_wb_count(const char *cg)
+static long get_cg_wb_count(const char *cg)
 {
 	return cg_read_key_long(cg, "memory.stat", "zswpwb");
 }
@@ -248,6 +248,132 @@ static int test_zswapin(const char *root)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Attempt writeback with the following steps:
+ * 1. Allocate memory.
+ * 2. Reclaim memory equal to the amount that was allocated in step 1.
+      This will move it into zswap.
+ * 3. Save current zswap usage.
+ * 4. Move the memory allocated in step 1 back in from zswap.
+ * 5. Set zswap.max to half the amount that was recorded in step 3.
+ * 6. Attempt to reclaim memory equal to the amount that was allocated,
+      this will either trigger writeback if it's enabled, or reclamation
+      will fail if writeback is disabled as there isn't enough zswap space.
+ */
+static int attempt_writeback(const char *cgroup, void *arg)
+{
+	long pagesize = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
+	char *test_group = arg;
+	size_t memsize = MB(4);
+	char buf[pagesize];
+	long zswap_usage;
+	bool wb_enabled;
+	int ret = -1;
+	char *mem;
+
+	wb_enabled = cg_read_long(test_group, "memory.zswap.writeback");
+	mem = (char *)malloc(memsize);
+	if (!mem)
+		return ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fill half of each page with increasing data, and keep other
+	 * half empty, this will result in data that is still compressible
+	 * and ends up in zswap, with material zswap usage.
+	 */
+	for (int i = 0; i < pagesize; i++)
+		buf[i] = i < pagesize/2 ? (char) i : 0;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < memsize; i += pagesize)
+		memcpy(&mem[i], buf, pagesize);
+
+	/* Try and reclaim allocated memory */
+	if (cg_write_numeric(test_group, "memory.reclaim", memsize)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("Failed to reclaim all of the requested memory\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	zswap_usage = cg_read_long(test_group, "memory.zswap.current");
+
+	/* zswpin */
+	for (int i = 0; i < memsize; i += pagesize) {
+		if (memcmp(&mem[i], buf, pagesize)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("invalid memory\n");
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (cg_write_numeric(test_group, "memory.zswap.max", zswap_usage/2))
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * If writeback is enabled, trying to reclaim memory now will trigger a
+	 * writeback as zswap.max is half of what was needed when reclaim ran the first time.
+	 * If writeback is disabled, memory reclaim will fail as zswap is limited and
+	 * it can't writeback to swap.
+	 */
+	ret = cg_write_numeric(test_group, "memory.reclaim", memsize);
+	if (!wb_enabled)
+		ret = (ret == -EAGAIN) ? 0 : -1;
+
+out:
+	free(mem);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* Test to verify the zswap writeback path */
+static int test_zswap_writeback(const char *root, bool wb)
+{
+	long zswpwb_before, zswpwb_after;
+	int ret = KSFT_FAIL;
+	char *test_group;
+
+	test_group = cg_name(root, "zswap_writeback_test");
+	if (!test_group)
+		goto out;
+	if (cg_create(test_group))
+		goto out;
+	if (cg_write(test_group, "memory.zswap.writeback", wb ? "1" : "0"))
+		goto out;
+
+	zswpwb_before = get_cg_wb_count(test_group);
+	if (zswpwb_before != 0) {
+		ksft_print_msg("zswpwb_before = %ld instead of 0\n", zswpwb_before);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (cg_run(test_group, attempt_writeback, (void *) test_group))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Verify that zswap writeback occurred only if writeback was enabled */
+	zswpwb_after = get_cg_wb_count(test_group);
+	if (zswpwb_after < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (wb != !!zswpwb_after) {
+		ksft_print_msg("zswpwb_after is %ld while wb is %s",
+				zswpwb_after, wb ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = KSFT_PASS;
+
+out:
+	cg_destroy(test_group);
+	free(test_group);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int test_zswap_writeback_enabled(const char *root)
+{
+	return test_zswap_writeback(root, true);
+}
+
+static int test_zswap_writeback_disabled(const char *root)
+{
+	return test_zswap_writeback(root, false);
+}
+
 /*
  * When trying to store a memcg page in zswap, if the memcg hits its memory
  * limit in zswap, writeback should affect only the zswapped pages of that
@@ -423,6 +549,8 @@ struct zswap_test {
 	T(test_zswap_usage),
 	T(test_swapin_nozswap),
 	T(test_zswapin),
+	T(test_zswap_writeback_enabled),
+	T(test_zswap_writeback_disabled),
 	T(test_no_kmem_bypass),
 	T(test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink),
 };