Merge branch 'slides/195-chapterization-of-fringe-modules' into 'master'

Resolve "Reorganization of some fringe modules"

Closes #195

See merge request feng/training/material!276

Author: frank-at-adacore

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking_in_depth.rst renamed to courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking-in_depth.rst

@@ -36,249 +36,8 @@ Controlled Types
 
 .. container:: PRELUDE END
 
-==============
-Introduction
-==============
-
--------------------------
-Constructor / Destructor
--------------------------
-
-* Possible to specify behavior of object initialization, finalization, and assignment
-
-   - Based on type definition
-   - Type must derive from `Controlled` or `Limited_Controlled` in package `Ada.Finalization`
-
-* This derived type is called a *controlled type*
-
-    - User may override any or all subprograms in `Ada.Finalization`
-    - Default implementation is a null body
-
-==================
-Ada.Finalization
-==================
-
----------------
-Package Spec
----------------
-
-.. code:: Ada
-
-   package Ada.Finalization is
-
-     type Controlled is abstract tagged private;
-     procedure Initialize (Object : in out Controlled)
-        is null;
-     procedure Adjust    (Object : in out Controlled)
-        is null;
-     procedure Finalize  (Object : in out Controlled)
-        is null;
-
-     type Limited_Controlled is abstract tagged limited private;
-     procedure Initialize (Object : in out Limited_Controlled)
-        is null;
-     procedure Finalize  (Object : in out Limited_Controlled)
-        is null;
-
-   private
-      -- implementation defined
-   end Ada.Finalization;
-
--------
-Uses
--------
-
-* Prevent "resource leak"
-
-   - Logic centralized in service rather than distributed across clients
-
-* Examples: heap reclamation, "mutex" unlocking
-* User-defined assignment
-
-----------------
-Initialization
-----------------
-
-* Subprogram `Initialize` invoked after object created
-
-   - Either by object declaration or allocator
-   - Only if no explicit initialization expression
-
-* Often default initialization expressions on record components are sufficient
-
-   - No need for an explicit call to `Initialize`
-
-* Similar to C++ constructor
-
-----------------
-Finalization
-----------------
-
-* Subprogram `Finalize` invoked just before object is destroyed
-
-   - Leaving the scope of a declared object
-   - Unchecked deallocation of an allocated object
-
-* Similar to C++ destructor
-
-------------
-Assignment
-------------
-
-* Subprogram `Adjust` invoked as part of an assignment operation
-* Assignment statement `Target := Source;` is basically:
-
-   - `Finalize (Target)`
-   - Copy Source to Target
-   - `Adjust (Target)`
-   - *Actual rules are more complicated, e.g. to allow cases where Target and Source are the same object*
-
-* Typical situations where objects are access values
-
-   - `Finalize` does unchecked deallocation or decrements a reference count
-   - The copy step copies the access value
-   - `Adjust` either clones a "deep copy" of the referenced object or increments a reference count
-
-=========
-Example
-=========
-
-----------------------------------
-Unbounded String Via Access Type
-----------------------------------
-
-* Type contains a pointer to a string type
-* We want the provider to allocate and free memory "safely"
-
-   - No sharing
-   - `Adjust` allocates referenced String
-   - `Finalize` frees the referenced String
-   - Assignment deallocates target string and assigns copy of source string to target string
-
-------------------------
-Unbounded String Usage
-------------------------
-
-.. code:: Ada
-
-   with Unbounded_String_Pkg; use Unbounded_String_Pkg;
-   procedure Test is
-      U1 : Ustring_T;
-   begin
-      U1 := To_Ustring_T ("Hello");
-      declare
-         U2 : Ustring_T;
-      begin
-         U2 := To_Ustring_T ("Goodbye");
-         U1 := U2; -- Reclaims U1 memory
-      end; -- Reclaims U2 memory
-   end Test; -- Reclaims U1 memory
-
------------------------------
-Unbounded String Definition
------------------------------
-
-.. code:: Ada
-
-   with Ada.Finalization; use Ada.Finalization;
-   package Unbounded_String_Pkg is
-      -- Implement unbounded strings
-      type Ustring_T is private;
-      function "=" (L, R : Ustring_T) return Boolean;
-      function To_Ustring_T (Item : String) return Ustring_T;
-      function To_String (Item : Ustring_T) return String;
-      function Length (Item : Ustring_T) return Natural;
-      function "&" (L, R : Ustring_T) return Ustring_T;
-   private
-      type String_Ref is access String;
-      type Ustring_T is new Controlled with record
-         Ref : String_Ref := new String (1 .. 0);
-      end record;
-      procedure Finalize (Object : in out Ustring_T);
-      procedure Adjust (Object : in out Ustring_T);
-   end Unbounded_String_Pkg;
-
----------------------------------
-Unbounded String Implementation
----------------------------------
-
-.. code:: Ada
-
-   with Ada.Unchecked_Deallocation;
-   package body Unbounded_String_Pkg is
-      procedure Free_String is new Ada.Unchecked_Deallocation
-        (String, String_Ref);
-
-      function "=" (L, R : Ustring_T) return Boolean is
-         (L.Ref.all = R.Ref.all);
-
-      function To_Ustring_T (Item : String) return Ustring_T is
-         (Controlled with Ref => new String'(Item));
-
-      function To_String (Item : Ustring_T) return String is
-         (Item.Ref.all);
-
-      function Length (Item : Ustring_T) return Natural is
-         (Item.Ref.all'Length);
-
-      function "&" (L, R : Ustring_T) return Ustring_T is
-         (Controlled with Ref => new String'(L.Ref.all & R.Ref.all);
-
-      procedure Finalize (Object : in out Ustring_T) is
-      begin
-         Free_String (Object.Ref);
-      end Finalize;
-
-      procedure Adjust (Object : in out Ustring_T) is
-      begin
-         Object.Ref := new String'(Object.Ref.all);
-      end Adjust;
-   end Unbounded_String_Pkg;
-
-------------------
-Finalizable Aspect
-------------------
-
-* Uses the GNAT-specific :ada:`with Finalizable` aspect
-
-.. code:: Ada
-
-   type Ctrl is record
-      Id : Natural := 0;
-   end record
-     with Finalizable => (Initialize           => Initialize,
-                          Adjust               => Adjust,
-                          Finalize             => Finalize,
-                          Relaxed_Finalization => True);
-
-   procedure Adjust     (Obj : in out Ctrl);
-   procedure Finalize   (Obj : in out Ctrl);
-   procedure Initialize (Obj : in out Ctrl);
-
-* :ada:`Initialize`, :ada:`Adjust` same definition as previously
-* :ada:`Finalize` has the :ada:`No_Raise` aspect: it cannot raise exceptions
-* :ada:`Relaxed_Finalization`
-
-    * Performance on-par with C++'s destructor
-    * No automatic finalization of **heap-allocated** objects
-
-========
-Lab
-========
-
+.. include:: 260_controlled_types/01-introduction.rst
+.. include:: 260_controlled_types/02-ada_finalization.rst
+.. include:: 260_controlled_types/03-example.rst
 .. include:: labs/260_controlled_types.lab.rst
-
-=========
-Summary
-=========
-
----------
-Summary
----------
-
-* Controlled types allow access to object construction, assignment, destruction
-* `Ada.Finalization` can be expensive to use
-
-   - Other mechanisms may be more efficient
-
-      * But require more rigor in usage
+.. include:: 260_controlled_types/99-summary.rst

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking_light.rst renamed to courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking-light.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+==============
+Introduction
+==============
+
+-------------------------
+Constructor / Destructor
+-------------------------
+
+* Possible to specify behavior of object initialization, finalization, and assignment
+
+   - Based on type definition
+   - Type must derive from `Controlled` or `Limited_Controlled` in package `Ada.Finalization`
+
+* This derived type is called a *controlled type*
+
+    - User may override any or all subprograms in `Ada.Finalization`
+    - Default implementation is a null body
+

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking_light_in_depth.rst renamed to courses/fundamentals_of_ada/240_tasking-light_in_depth.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+==================
+Ada.Finalization
+==================
+
+---------------
+Package Spec
+---------------
+
+.. code:: Ada
+
+   package Ada.Finalization is
+
+     type Controlled is abstract tagged private;
+     procedure Initialize (Object : in out Controlled)
+        is null;
+     procedure Adjust    (Object : in out Controlled)
+        is null;
+     procedure Finalize  (Object : in out Controlled)
+        is null;
+
+     type Limited_Controlled is abstract tagged limited private;
+     procedure Initialize (Object : in out Limited_Controlled)
+        is null;
+     procedure Finalize  (Object : in out Limited_Controlled)
+        is null;
+
+   private
+      -- implementation defined
+   end Ada.Finalization;
+
+-------
+Uses
+-------
+
+* Prevent "resource leak"
+
+   - Logic centralized in service rather than distributed across clients
+
+* Examples: heap reclamation, "mutex" unlocking
+* User-defined assignment
+
+----------------
+Initialization
+----------------
+
+* Subprogram `Initialize` invoked after object created
+
+   - Either by object declaration or allocator
+   - Only if no explicit initialization expression
+
+* Often default initialization expressions on record components are sufficient
+
+   - No need for an explicit call to `Initialize`
+
+* Similar to C++ constructor
+
+----------------
+Finalization
+----------------
+
+* Subprogram `Finalize` invoked just before object is destroyed
+
+   - Leaving the scope of a declared object
+   - Unchecked deallocation of an allocated object
+
+* Similar to C++ destructor
+
+------------
+Assignment
+------------
+
+* Subprogram `Adjust` invoked as part of an assignment operation
+* Assignment statement `Target := Source;` is basically:
+
+   - `Finalize (Target)`
+   - Copy Source to Target
+   - `Adjust (Target)`
+   - *Actual rules are more complicated, e.g. to allow cases where Target and Source are the same object*
+
+* Typical situations where objects are access values
+
+   - `Finalize` does unchecked deallocation or decrements a reference count
+   - The copy step copies the access value
+   - `Adjust` either clones a "deep copy" of the referenced object or increments a reference count
+